Bulletin de la Societe Geologique de France最新文献

{"title":"Age of the Fontainebleau sandstones: a tectonic point of view","authors":"Y. Missenard, Oriane Parizot, J. Barbarand","doi":"10.1051/BSGF/2017194","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/BSGF/2017194","url":null,"abstract":"The age of the cementation of the Fontainebleau sandstones, located in the upper part of the Rupelian Fontainebleau Sand Formation and largely outcropping in the south of the center of the Paris Basin, remains a matter of debate: did the silicification occurred at early times during Miocene, following sedimentation, or did it occurred during Quaternary cold climate episodes? In this work, we determined an orthogonal fracture network (main directions N115° ±5° and N025° ±5°) over an area of ∼6000 km 2 . The fractures are oblique to the adjacent valley orientation and to the quarry working face orientation, discarding a gravitational origin. This tectonic fracturing is superimposed on regional scale antiforms and synforms that may be at least partly controlled by inherited basement faults reactivation during Alpine episodes. The whole Fontainebleau Sand Formation seems to be folded, including the Fontainebleau sandstones. We establish a relative chronology of the various phenomena and propose that silicification at the origin of the Fontainebleau quartzite occurred during early or middle Miocene. Alpine stresses then induced Fontainebleau sand and quartzite folding and fracturing during late Miocene and Pliocene. Finally, the fracture network facilitated fluid circulations and secondary carbonate sandstones or quartzite precipitation probably during Quaternary cold climate episodes.","PeriodicalId":55978,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin de la Societe Geologique de France","volume":"96 1","pages":"28"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74453614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Geological fluid flow in sedimentary basins","authors":"S. Migeon","doi":"10.1051/BSGF/2017200","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/BSGF/2017200","url":null,"abstract":"HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access archive for the deposit and dissemination of scientific research documents, whether they are published or not. The documents may come from teaching and research institutions in France or abroad, or from public or private research centers. L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires publics ou privés. Geological fluid flow in sedimentary basins Aurélien Gay, Sébastien Migeon","PeriodicalId":55978,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin de la Societe Geologique de France","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89767364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Post-depositional evolution over a time scale of 1 million years of eastern Mediterranean organic-rich and organic-poor sediments: new insights on the debromination and layer-silicate markers","authors":"A. Murat, D. Beaufort, B. Hebert, F. Baudin, S. Bernasconi, E. Ducassou, C. Lelievre, E. Poizot, M. Mathian, O. Grauby","doi":"10.1051/BSGF/2017183","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/BSGF/2017183","url":null,"abstract":"Organic matter degradation is the engine behind the biogeochemical evolution of sediments during burial. Previous research has shown that eogenesis is the seat of a complex interplay between organic matter, microbes and the most reactive part of inorganic compounds, such as clay minerals. To explore the variability and stability of bromine and clay minerals as geochemical and mineral tracers, we selected an eastern Mediterranean core that has a high degree of stability in the quality and quantity of organic matter through time at a one-million-year scale and great variability in organic matter content at a 10 ky scale. According to the very low maximal burial depth reached by these sediments (the core length is only 36.5 m), physical parameters, such as temperature and pressure, did not significantly influence the evolution of the studied parameters during the burial history. The bulk clay mineralogy of organic-rich and organic-poor sediments is similar all along the investigated core material; smectite predominates over kaolinite. The only identified authigenic minerals are biogenetic framboidal pyrite and manganese oxides. The X-ray data and the chemical compositions of the smectite are characteristic of a montmorillonite which is representative of a detrital Nile source. At a one-million-year scale, the organic matter content has no significant influence on clay eogenesis, and detrital smectite and kaolinite remain unchanged. Bromine is present in marine organic matter as organobromine compounds. During eogenesis, bromine is released from organic matter as bromide ion, resulting in an increase in the bromide concentration in the pore water with depth. Dissolved bromide can be used as a conservative tracer of the debromination of sedimentary organic matter. For the first time, we established that solid-phase BrOrg is a reliable tracer of debromination rates in marine sediments. The rate of debromination depends on the organic matter content. The rate increases from less than 2.3 × 10−4 μmolBrOrg mol.C−1.y−1 to 6.3 × 10−4 μmolBrOrg mol.C−1.y−1 when TOC varies from 0.17 to 3%. This increase is related to the development of the bacterial population and provides the basis for further investigation of other oceanic basins. For TOC values  >4%, the rate of debromination decreases. We propose that the bioavailability of organic matter is another factor of variability in the debromination rate.","PeriodicalId":55978,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin de la Societe Geologique de France","volume":"91 1","pages":"21"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74066498","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Repeated fluid expulsions during events of rapid sea-level rise in the Gulf of Lion, western Mediterranean Sea","authors":"T. Cavailhes, D. Grauls, B. Marsset, T. Marsset","doi":"10.1051/BSGF/2017190","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/BSGF/2017190","url":null,"abstract":"Based on a High-Resolution 3D seismic block acquired in the Gulf of Lion in 2004–2005 we investigated fluid pipes and pockmarks on the top of the interfluve between the Herault canyon and the Bourcart canyon both created by turbidity currents and gravity flows from the shelf to the deep basin in the north-western Mediterranean Sea. Combining the geometry of the potential fluid pipes with the induced deformation of surrounding sediments leads then to the ability to differentiate between potential fluid sources (root vs source) and to better estimate the triggering mechanisms (allochtonous vs. autochtonous cause). We linked together a set of derived attributes, such as Chaos and RMS amplitude, to a 3D description of pipes along which fluids may migrate. As previously shown in other basins, the induced deformation, creating cone in cone or V-shaped structures, may develop in response to the fluid pipe propagation in unconsolidated sediments in the near surface. The level at the top of a cone structure is diachronous. It means that stratigraphic levels over this surface are deformed at the end of the migration. They collapse forming a depression called a pockmark. These pipes are the result of repeated cycles of fluid expulsion that might be correlated with rapid sea-level rise instead of sediment loading. The most recent event (MIS 2.2 stage) has led to the formation of a pockmark on the modern seafloor. It has been used as a reference for calculating the effect of a rapid sea-level rise on fluid expulsion. As all physical and geometrical parameters are constrained, we were able to define that a + 34 m of sea level rise may account for triggering fluid expulsion from a very shallow silty-sandy layer at 9 m below seafloor since the last glacial stage. This value is consistent with a sea level rise of about 102 m during this period. This study shows that the episodic nature of fluid release resulted from hydromechanical processes during sea-level rise due to the interactivity between high pressure regimes and principal in situ stresses.","PeriodicalId":55978,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin de la Societe Geologique de France","volume":"5 1","pages":"24"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84944685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Species, populations and morphotypes through time - challenges and possible concepts","authors":"J. Haug, C. Haug","doi":"10.1051/BSGF/2017181","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/BSGF/2017181","url":null,"abstract":"'Species' are often treated as existing only at a single specific time slice. In fact, they are timely limited entities with a beginning, a time of persistence and an end, the consequences of which are discussed here. Here we try to understand how reliably we can precisely reconstruct the events that took place close to a species split. Therefore, we discuss different scenarios of a hypothetical population undergoing split and/or character evolution. Subsequently, we compare how a Hennigian ideal reconstruction would look like in comparison to a possible actual reconstruction. We also evaluate the character evolution at such splits. Last, we compare how the different reconstructions resolve appearance of new species and new characters through time. We summarize the major consequences of these observations on certain problems, notably the sister species vs. ancestor problem, \"chronospecies\", fossil species, character evolution, and mapping on stratigraphic charts. We strongly argue for basing scientific investigations on proper philosophical backgrounds (epistemology), but epistemology still needs to be practically applicable. With this contribution, we aim at providing additional philosophical bases for certain aspects of evolutionary reconstructions, while still keeping the approaches practically applicable.","PeriodicalId":55978,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin de la Societe Geologique de France","volume":"70 1","pages":"20"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80386102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ypresian Decapod Crustacean faunas from the coral-algal environments in the Eastern Lessini Mountains (Vicenza and Verona territory − NE Italy): a comparative analysis","authors":"Claudio Beschin, Alessandra Busulini, Matteo Calvagno, Giuliano Tessier, R. Zorzin","doi":"10.1051/BSGF/2017177","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/BSGF/2017177","url":null,"abstract":"A comparative analysis of the Crustacean faunas found in Ypresian bioconstructions cropping out in the Eastern Lessini Mountains is carried out. The fossiliferous sites are: Contrada Gecchelina at Monte di Malo, San Pietro Mussolino, Vestenanova, and the Bolca area (Vicenza; Verona – NE Italy). The high value of the Shannon-Weaver biodiversity index calculated for these buildups confirms the hypothesis of the existence during the Early Eocene of a large lagoon characterized by shallow water and patch reefs. Juvenile specimens of Gecchelicarcinus lorigae and Alponella paleogenica are described.","PeriodicalId":55978,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin de la Societe Geologique de France","volume":"1 1","pages":"13"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87938211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A new spiny lobster from the Upper Jurassic Štramberk-type limestones of Inwałd, Andrychów Klippen, southern Poland","authors":"M. Krobicki, René H. B. Fraaije","doi":"10.1051/BSGF/2017179","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/BSGF/2017179","url":null,"abstract":"A new palinurid, Palaeopalinurus czarnieckii , is recorded from Upper Tithonian Stramberk-type limestones at Inwald, southern Poland. The specimen shows better preservation anteriorly than available specimens of the type species of the genus. As fossil members of the Palinuridae in the Jurassic are scarce, the present specimen adds new important morphological and palaeogeographical data towards a better understanding of the evolution of the Achelata.","PeriodicalId":55978,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin de la Societe Geologique de France","volume":"27 1","pages":"16"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77948386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Gemmellaro Collection: first record of an anomuran from the Tithonian of Sicily, Italy","authors":"René H. B. Fraaije, C. D'arpa, B. Bakel, J. Jagt, G. Zarcone","doi":"10.1051/BSGF/2017184","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/BSGF/2017184","url":null,"abstract":"A recent field trip to Sicily and an examination of decapod crustacean collections at the Museo Geologico G.G. Gemmellaro in the centre of Palermo, Sicily (Italy), has demonstrated that most of the anomuran and brachyuran material described by Gemmellaro (Gemmellaro GG. 1869. Studi paleontologici sulla fauna del Calcare a Terebratula janitor del nord di Sicilia. Palermo: Lao, vol. 1, pp. 11–18) from the Tithonian of that island is still present. Interestingly, a single specimen in this lot was never mentioned, described or illustrated by that author. The species to which this particular individual is here shown to belong, Gastrosacus tuberosus , was first described and named 26 years later, in 1895, by Remes. The holotype of G. tuberosus (Remes M. 1895. Beitrage zur Kenntniss der Crustaceen der Stramberger Schichten. Bulletin international de l'Academie des Sciences de l'Empereur Francois Joseph I, Classe des Sciences mathematiques et naturelle 2: 200–201) has recently been rediscovered; this shows that both Galathea eminens Blaschke (Blaschke F. 1911. Zur Tithonfauna von Stramberg in Mahren. Annalen des kaiserlich-koniglichen Naturhistorischen Hofmuseums 25: 143–221) and Galatheites tuberosiformus Lőrenthey, in Lőrenthey and Beurlen (Lőrenthey E, Beurlen K. 1929. Die fossilen Dekapoden der Lander der Ungarischen Krone. Geologica Hungarica 3: 1–420) are junior synonyms. The Sicilian record constitutes the southernmost mention of G. tuberosus to date.","PeriodicalId":55978,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin de la Societe Geologique de France","volume":"4 1","pages":"18"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87072513","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The genus Eryma Meyer, 1840 (Crustacea: Decapoda: Erymidae): new synonyms, systematic and stratigraphic implications","authors":"J. Devillez, S. Charbonnier","doi":"10.1051/BSGF/2017178","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/BSGF/2017178","url":null,"abstract":"Among Erymidae Van Straelen, 1925 (Van Straelen V. 1925. Contribution a l'etude des crustaces decapodes de la periode jurassique. Memoires de la Classe des Sciences de l'Academie royale de Belgique 7: 1–462), typical Mesozoic crustaceans, the genus Eryma Meyer, 1840 (Meyer H. von. 1840a. Briefliche Mittheilungen. Neues Jahrbuch fur Mineralogie, Geognosie, Geologie und Petrefactenkunde 576–587) includes the largest number of species, mainly from Jurassic deposits. However, the lack of clear diagnoses for erymid genera has led to mistakes in generic assignments and to the establishment of redundant genera. The review of the concept of Eryma herein presents an attempt to clarify its diagnosis, mainly supported by the carapace groove pattern and the morphology of chelae of the first pair of pereiopods, and to emphasize its systematic implications. Thus, we maintain the synonymy of Klytia Meyer, 1840, Bolina Munster, 1839 (Munster G. 1839. Decapoda Macrura. Abbildung und Beschreibung der Fossilen Langschwanzigen Krebse in den Kalkschiefern von Bayern. Beitrage zur Petrefaktenkunde 2: 1–88) (sensu Etallon [Etallon A. 1859. Description des crustaces fossiles de la Haute-Saone et du Haut-Jura. Bulletin de la Societe geologique de France 16: 169–205]), and Erymastacus Beurlen, 1928 (Beurlen K. 1928. Die Decapoden des Schwabischen Jura mit Ausnahme der aus den oberjurassischen Plattenkalken stammenden. Palaeontographica 70: 115–278) with Eryma . Moreover, a review of the genera Protoclytiopsis Birshtein, 1958 (Birshtein JA. 1958. Ein Vertreter der altesten Ordo der Crustacea Decapoda Protoclitiopsis antiqua gen. nov. sp. nov. aus dem Permo West-Sibiriens. Doklady Akademii Nauk, SSSR 122: 477–480), and Galicia Garassino and Krobicki, 2002 (Garassino A, Krobicki M. 2002. Galicia marianae n. gen., n. sp. (Crustacea, Decapoda, Astacidea) from the Oxfordian (Upper Jurassic) of the Southern Polish Uplands. Bulletin of the Mizunami Fossil Museum 29: 51–59), reveals the presence of a junction between the postcervical and branchiocardiac grooves. This feature is diagnostic of Eryma and supports the integration of these genera into the synonymy of Eryma . The addition of Protoclytiopsis to the synonymy of Eryma makes Eryma antiquum (Birshtein, 1958) nov. comb. the oldest representative of the genus and of the family, extending its stratigraphic range to the Late Permian (Changhsingian). Thus, this work also emphasizes that Erymidae crossed the Permian-Triassic boundary.","PeriodicalId":55978,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin de la Societe Geologique de France","volume":"504 1","pages":"15"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86834058","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reappraisal of the burrowing lobster Axius (Malacostraca: Decapoda: Axiidea) in the fossil record with notes on palaeobiogeography and description of a new species","authors":"M. Hyžný, S. L. Jakobsen, René H. B. Fraaije","doi":"10.1051/BSGF/2017175","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/BSGF/2017175","url":null,"abstract":"The fossil record of the burrowing lobster Axius is reviewed. A diagnosis based on the characters with preservation potential is supplied. Plioaxius lineadactylus Fraaije et al. , 2011, from the Pliocene of Belgium and the Netherlands is considered congeneric with the type species of Axius . As a consequence, Plioaxius is considered a junior subjective synonym of Axius . A newly described species, Axius hofstedtae from the late Oligocene of Denmark is considered the oldest unequivocal representative of Axius . Both fossil species, A. hofstedtae n. sp. and A. lineadactylus n. comb., share numerous morphological characters with extant Axius stirhynchus . Scarcity of the Cenozoic Axiidae is ascribed to lack of study of the fossil record of this group rather than to low fossilization potential of its representatives. A preliminary scenario of the migration of Axius based on the scarce fossil record suggests the origin in the Western Tethys and subsequent dispersal westward into the West Atlantic and eastward into the West Pacific.","PeriodicalId":55978,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin de la Societe Geologique de France","volume":"21 1","pages":"12"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82131844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}