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Positive Complementarity in Action: International Criminal Justice and the Ongoing Armed Conflict in Ukraine 积极互补的行动：国际刑事司法与乌克兰持续的武装冲突
IF 0.3
International Criminal Law Review Pub Date : 2024-08-27 DOI: 10.1163/15718123-bja10211
Iuliia Anosova, Karolina Aksamitowska, Vasilka Sancin
{"title":"Positive Complementarity in Action: International Criminal Justice and the Ongoing Armed Conflict in Ukraine","authors":"Iuliia Anosova, Karolina Aksamitowska, Vasilka Sancin","doi":"10.1163/15718123-bja10211","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/15718123-bja10211","url":null,"abstract":"Complementarity has been traditionally understood in a twofold manner. On the one hand, the principle of complementarity explicates the jurisdiction of the International Criminal Court. On the other hand, it has been conceptualised as the broader principle that governs the functioning of the international criminal justice system built after the entry into force of the Rome Statute. Understood in this sense, complementarity outlines the interplay between different (domestic and international) accountability actors, including national authorities and civil society. This article explores the ways in which the principle of complementarity has been operationalised in Ukraine since 2014, in an attempt to highlight the challenges faced by domestic and international justice actors in the situation of atrocities being committed in an ongoing armed conflict. It puts forward an argument that <jats:italic>ad hoc</jats:italic> responses introduced in cooperation and coordination with local and international partners—including the civil society—have been prioritised over permanent legislative solutions. These <jats:italic>ad hoc</jats:italic> responses have the potential to influence the expansion of the complementarity architecture, shape the coordinated accountability approaches and advance positive complementarity for core international crimes in ongoing armed conflicts.","PeriodicalId":55966,"journal":{"name":"International Criminal Law Review","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142195418","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
International Criminal Law, Complementarity and Amnesty Within the Context of Transitional Justice: Lessons from Uganda 过渡时期司法背景下的国际刑法、互补性和大赦：乌干达的经验教训
IF 0.3
International Criminal Law Review Pub Date : 2024-08-27 DOI: 10.1163/15718123-bja10212
Tonny Raymond Kirabira
{"title":"International Criminal Law, Complementarity and Amnesty Within the Context of Transitional Justice: Lessons from Uganda","authors":"Tonny Raymond Kirabira","doi":"10.1163/15718123-bja10212","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/15718123-bja10212","url":null,"abstract":"The article explores the domestic implementation of international criminal law and complementarity, when operating alongside parallel transitional justice approaches. International criminal justice in Uganda is best understood as part of the broader lens of transitional justice, in response to a two-decade war in the Northern part of the country. Besides a doctrinal analysis of the relevant legal regime and cases, the article benefits from the author’s personal insights working in Uganda and The Hague, the two sites of international justice that inform this article. Specifically, the International Crimes Division (<jats:sc>icd</jats:sc>) which is the specialised court dealing with war crimes and crimes against humanity and the International Criminal Court (<jats:sc>icc</jats:sc>). The article highlights critical paradoxes of the <jats:sc>icd</jats:sc> and trial of former rebel Thomas Kwoyelo, putting this domesticated International Criminal Justice regime in a dilemma, also suggesting pathways for reforms.","PeriodicalId":55966,"journal":{"name":"International Criminal Law Review","volume":"73 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142225081","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Atrocity Crime Responses in Bosnia and Herzegovina: Navigating Tensions in Multifaceted Approaches 波斯尼亚和黑塞哥维那应对暴行罪的措施：在多层面方法中驾驭紧张局势
IF 0.3
International Criminal Law Review Pub Date : 2024-08-16 DOI: 10.1163/15718123-bja10210
Mirza Buljubašić
{"title":"Atrocity Crime Responses in Bosnia and Herzegovina: Navigating Tensions in Multifaceted Approaches","authors":"Mirza Buljubašić","doi":"10.1163/15718123-bja10210","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/15718123-bja10210","url":null,"abstract":"The post-conflict landscape of Bosnia and Herzegovina remains deeply fragmented, characterized by the interplay of international and domestic responses to atrocity crimes committed during the 1992–1995 war. The Dayton Peace Agreement established frameworks to address these atrocities but also entrenched ethnic divisions. Bosnia and Herzegovina’s judicial measures, led by the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia and domestic courts, aimed to establish accountability but faced significant challenges, including political polarization. Civil society organizations and cultural initiatives have played important roles, yet their efforts are often hindered with, for example, the continuity of ethnic grievances. Drawing on the EU <jats:sc>cost</jats:sc> Action <jats:sc>ca</jats:sc>18228 Scoping Survey on states’ interactions with international criminal justice, this paper explores how different actors in BiH navigated the responses to atrocity crimes and assesses what has been fulfilled or left unfulfilled.","PeriodicalId":55966,"journal":{"name":"International Criminal Law Review","volume":"40 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142195422","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Trajectories of Contestation: Motivational Dynamics in Repressive Regimes 争议的轨迹：镇压政权中的动机动力
IF 0.3
International Criminal Law Review Pub Date : 2024-08-06 DOI: 10.1163/15718123-bja10206
Fatma Z. Khalil, Jacquelien van Stekelenburg
{"title":"Trajectories of Contestation: Motivational Dynamics in Repressive Regimes","authors":"Fatma Z. Khalil, Jacquelien van Stekelenburg","doi":"10.1163/15718123-bja10206","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/15718123-bja10206","url":null,"abstract":"This article examines four different trajectories of contestation individuals go through. We highlight how the five motivational dynamics function per trajectory, depending on how they interact within individuals’ psyche, their perceptions, and the surrounding political setting. We argue that through the citizens’ narratives about these political moments we can better understand how the motivational dynamics function per trajectory of contention. Our focal point is to disentangle how, under the same political conditions, individuals act differently, even though they might hold the same political stances. Repression is a focal point of analysis in the article showing how the individuals within the various trajectories react to regime’s repression differently. It is the context within which individuals within the four trajectories function that is affecting their behaviour. We investigate how the ways individual express dissent change by interacting with the regime whose repressive actions might push them to change their attitudes.","PeriodicalId":55966,"journal":{"name":"International Criminal Law Review","volume":"304 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141933509","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Corruption: From International Law and Ethics to Realpolitik and Amoralism 腐败：从国际法和伦理学到现实政治和非道德主义
IF 0.3
International Criminal Law Review Pub Date : 2024-08-06 DOI: 10.1163/15718123-bja10194
Anja Matwijkiw
{"title":"Corruption: From International Law and Ethics to Realpolitik and Amoralism","authors":"Anja Matwijkiw","doi":"10.1163/15718123-bja10194","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/15718123-bja10194","url":null,"abstract":"In this essay, a philosophical and critical lens is applied to the case of corruption. For reasons having to do with both analysis and assessment of the framework of the only specialized convention at the international level of law, namely the United Nations Convention Against Corruption (<jats:sc>uncac</jats:sc>), the author takes a closer look at several aspects and areas that somehow fade into the background of the discourse or even fall out of the legal corruption equation itself despite their centrality to the topic. Examples include considerations of market theory, marginalization and discrimination, human rights, ethics, <jats:italic>realpolitik</jats:italic>, structural violence and corruption prevention, and norms of general international law. The essay also makes use of some country-specific scenarios, in part, to raise questions about possible ‘cracks’ in political governance typology. The essay is divided into two individual articles, Part <jats:sc>i</jats:sc>: ‘Perspectives on the Corruption Discourse’ and Part <jats:sc>ii</jats:sc>: ‘The Macro Area’.","PeriodicalId":55966,"journal":{"name":"International Criminal Law Review","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141933557","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Italy and International Criminal Justice: Mapping the Present and Charting the Path Ahead 意大利与国际刑事司法：描绘现状，规划未来
IF 0.3
International Criminal Law Review Pub Date : 2024-07-31 DOI: 10.1163/15718123-bja10202
Marina Mancini
{"title":"Italy and International Criminal Justice: Mapping the Present and Charting the Path Ahead","authors":"Marina Mancini","doi":"10.1163/15718123-bja10202","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/15718123-bja10202","url":null,"abstract":"The present article investigates Italy’s posture on international criminal justice and identifies gaps and obstacles whose overcoming is essential to make the country effectively contribute to its efficient functioning. To this end, firstly, the Italian Government’s attitude towards international criminal justice institutions is surveyed. Secondly, domestic legislation and case law on international crimes are carefully analysed. Thirdly, the public perception of international crimes in Italy is critically assessed. The author finds that a major legislative reform is urgently needed and cannot be postponed any longer, so as to remove any ambiguity about the Italian Government’s commitment to ensuring accountability for all international crimes listed in the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court. She also advises that such reform should be complemented with the assumption of additional international obligations bringing Italy at the forefront of the supporters of the Rome Statute system.","PeriodicalId":55966,"journal":{"name":"International Criminal Law Review","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141865390","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
50 Years of the Proposed Crime of Ecocide: Challenges Regarding its Definition and Possible Answers 拟议生态灭绝罪 50 周年：有关其定义的挑战和可能的答案
IF 0.3
International Criminal Law Review Pub Date : 2024-07-30 DOI: 10.1163/15718123-bja10205
Francisca Valencia Arias, Ann-Kathrin Reinefeld
{"title":"50 Years of the Proposed Crime of Ecocide: Challenges Regarding its Definition and Possible Answers","authors":"Francisca Valencia Arias, Ann-Kathrin Reinefeld","doi":"10.1163/15718123-bja10205","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/15718123-bja10205","url":null,"abstract":"<p>More than 50 years have passed since the first proposal of a crime of ecocide under international criminal law. What seemed to be slow progress at first reached a peak of proliferation in public-legal discussion over the recent years. This paper is an effort to recapitulate the development of ecocide as a crime, analysing the different proposals from a critical point of view that will attempt to crystallise the challenges that they present. This analysis will be based on four main criteria: (a) the punishable conduct described, which will necessarily raise the discussion of the anthropocentric <em>vis-à-vis</em> an ecocentric vision; (b) the subjective element proposed and its compatibility with the Rome Statute; (c) the possible perpetrator; and (d) the legal instrument through which it is sought to be enshrined. Finally, we present certain guidelines regarding an International Criminal Court for the Environment and its compatibility with the International Criminal Court.</p>","PeriodicalId":55966,"journal":{"name":"International Criminal Law Review","volume":"45 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141865389","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Judicial Corruption in the Post-Reform Era: Assessing the Effectiveness of Legal Reforms in Indonesia 后改革时代的司法腐败：评估印度尼西亚法律改革的成效
IF 0.3
International Criminal Law Review Pub Date : 2024-07-29 DOI: 10.1163/15718123-bja10208
Yudi Kristiana, Benny Hutahayan
{"title":"Judicial Corruption in the Post-Reform Era: Assessing the Effectiveness of Legal Reforms in Indonesia","authors":"Yudi Kristiana, Benny Hutahayan","doi":"10.1163/15718123-bja10208","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/15718123-bja10208","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The Reform Movement initiated in 1998 in Indonesia signaled a critical juncture, aimed at dismantling the deeply ingrained corruption that characterized the Soeharto era. Despite considerable legislative initiatives, judicial corruption persists as a formidable obstacle to the effective administration of justice. This study employs progressive law theory to rigorously examine the complex dimensions of judicial corruption, its profound repercussions on the legal framework, and the urgent necessity for substantial legal reforms. Through an exploration of the mechanisms by which corruption infiltrates judicial systems, alongside the systemic alterations necessary for the strengthening of legal institutions, this analysis integrates theoretical perspectives with empirical research to propose a comprehensive framework for enduring anti-corruption strategies specifically designed for Indonesia’s judicial landscape.</p>","PeriodicalId":55966,"journal":{"name":"International Criminal Law Review","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141865393","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Nonviolent Struggle and Effective Tactics: A Comprehensive Analysis of the otpor Movement 非暴力斗争和有效策略：对otpor 运动的全面分析
IF 0.3
International Criminal Law Review Pub Date : 2024-07-26 DOI: 10.1163/15718123-bja10204
Srda Popovic, Slobodan Djinovic, Edin Mujkic
{"title":"Nonviolent Struggle and Effective Tactics: A Comprehensive Analysis of the otpor Movement","authors":"Srda Popovic, Slobodan Djinovic, Edin Mujkic","doi":"10.1163/15718123-bja10204","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/15718123-bja10204","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This essay thoroughly examines the <span style=\"font-variant: small-caps;\">otpor</span>! movement’s strategic and tactical endeavors from 1998 to 2000, when it played a pivotal role in challenging and eventually overthrowing Slobodan Milošević’s autocratic regime. The paper critically dissects the movement’s strategic and tactical frameworks, elucidating their interconnectedness within nonviolent struggle. Central to <span style=\"font-variant: small-caps;\">otpor</span>!’s effectiveness was its deliberate avoidance of overt political ambitions and alignment with the youth demographic. The movement projected itself as singularly committed to unseating an autocratic leader, countering regime propaganda by foregrounding the nation’s welfare above narrow political interests. The trajectory of the <span style=\"font-variant: small-caps;\">otpor</span>! movement underscores the intricate interplay between strategy and tactics in successful nonviolent movements. By orchestrating a meticulously constructed long-term strategy alongside various innovative tactical maneuvers, <span style=\"font-variant: small-caps;\">otpor</span>! effectively harnessed public sentiment, countered regime dominance and decisively contributed to Serbia’s democratization.</p>","PeriodicalId":55966,"journal":{"name":"International Criminal Law Review","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141865391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Authoritarianism, Popular Resistance and Regime Change in Zambia 赞比亚的专制主义、民众抵抗和政权更迭
IF 0.3
International Criminal Law Review Pub Date : 2024-07-23 DOI: 10.1163/15718123-bja10203
Stephen McLoughlin
{"title":"Authoritarianism, Popular Resistance and Regime Change in Zambia","authors":"Stephen McLoughlin","doi":"10.1163/15718123-bja10203","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/15718123-bja10203","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In 1990, after 17 years of authoritarian rule under inaugural president, Kenneth Kaunda, Zambia looked to be on the precipice of prolonged instability and violence. Authoritarianism showed no signs of softening; the country’s economic decline continued to heap misery on a population where the vast majority were already living in poverty; and the banning of opposition parties in 1973 meant that there was no legitimate political opposition to challenge to Kaunda’s rule. Over the 1970s and 1980s, opposition to Kaunda found expression in various civil society organisations, eventually coalescing into a broad-church Movement for Multiparty Democracy (<span style=\"font-variant: small-caps;\">mmd</span>). When the price of the national staple, maize, doubled overnight, protests quickly escalated into riots, killing dozens. However, instead of an escalation of violence, the <span style=\"font-variant: small-caps;\">mmd</span> pushed Kaunda to engage in political reform. What followed was a decision by Kaunda to lift the ban on opposition parties, leading to his electoral defeat. How did the growing opposition rule precipitate a peaceful transition to multi-party democracy? In this article I argue that Kaunda’s inclusive ideology, which avoided the politicization of ethnicity allowed for a more inclusive and peaceful transition away from authoritarian rule.</p>","PeriodicalId":55966,"journal":{"name":"International Criminal Law Review","volume":"59 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141770783","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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