Conflict Studies Quarterly最新文献_第6页

ZIMBABWE: THE ETHNICISATION OF ZANU AND THE DOWNFALL OF NDABANINGI SITHOLE (1963-2000) 津巴布韦：扎努的种族化与丹巴尼吉·西托尔的垮台（1963-2000）

IF 0.3

Conflict Studies Quarterly Pub Date : 2021-04-01 DOI: 10.24193/csq.35.3

Owen Mangiza, Ishmael Mazambani

{"title":"ZIMBABWE: THE ETHNICISATION OF ZANU AND THE DOWNFALL OF NDABANINGI SITHOLE (1963-2000)","authors":"Owen Mangiza, Ishmael Mazambani","doi":"10.24193/csq.35.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24193/csq.35.3","url":null,"abstract":"\"This article is an exposition of the transformation of ZANU from being, primarily, a nationalist movement into an ethnic oriented party. Since its formation in 1963, ZANU was gripped by ethnicity, resulting in factions and contestations developing among party members. These contestations developed into open conflicts along tribal lines. The paper argues that ethnicity was so acute among ZANU party members to an extent that divisions were clearly drawn along the Shona sub-ethnic groups of Manyika (easterners), Karanga (southerners), and Zezuru (northerners). The competition for leadership positions and the fighting among members of these ethnic groups resulted in the death of some members of the party and the expulsion of others from the party. It is argued in the article that the persecution of Ndabaningi Sithole and his fallout as the ZANU president was a result of the ethnicisation of ZANU and the liberation struggle. The removal of Sithole as the party president and his replacement by Robert Mugabe exhibits these contestations among the Zezuru, Karanga and Manyika ethnic groups. We argue that the deposition of Sithole from ZANU in 1975 and his castigation as a “sell-out” and “tribalist” was a ploy by Robert Mugabe and other ZANU leaders to get rid of him and to replace him along ethnic grounds. The ethnic card was deployed to serve selfish political interests. It is these ethnic contestations and fighting which also brewed conflict and enmity between Mugabe in particular and Ndabaningi Sithole, among other factors. This hatred was clearly displayed later in the struggle for supremacy between Sithole’s new party, ZANU-Ndonga and Robert Mugabe’s ZANU-PF. It is stressed in the article that this enmity also culminated in the denial of a hero status to Sithole when he died in 2000. We also argue that the deposition of Sithole from ZANU is one of the reasons why the Ndau people of\u0000Chipinge always voted for him and not Robert Mugabe in elections.\u0000Keywords: Zimbabwe, Ethnicisation, Downfall, Contestations, ZANU, Hero status.\"","PeriodicalId":55922,"journal":{"name":"Conflict Studies Quarterly","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2021-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42556739","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

COTE D’IVOIRE: RESPONSIBILITY TO PROTECT, ELECTORAL VIOLENCE AND THE 2010 CRYSIS 科特迪瓦：保护责任、选举暴力和2010年的政变

IF 0.3

Conflict Studies Quarterly Pub Date : 2021-04-01 DOI: 10.24193/csq.35.1

N. Erameh, Uzezi Ologe

{"title":"COTE D’IVOIRE: RESPONSIBILITY TO PROTECT, ELECTORAL VIOLENCE AND THE 2010 CRYSIS","authors":"N. Erameh, Uzezi Ologe","doi":"10.24193/csq.35.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24193/csq.35.1","url":null,"abstract":"The Responsibility to Protect (RtoP) is a highly contested doctrine when authorized or not. Yet, the need to safeguard civilian populations from mass atrocity remains urgent with Cote d’Ivoire’s post-election violence being instructive. Numerous studies have interrogated the nature of the conflict and subsequent interventions in Cote d’Ivoire, yet only a few seem to focus on the intervention process, outcome and implications for future application of the RtoP. This highlights need for deeper interrogation of the issues emerging from United Nations Security Council’s execution of Resolution 1975 in Cote d’Ivoire and the wider implications for the doctrine. While the Ivorian crisis meets the just cause criteria for RtoP authorizing, its execution in the Cote d’Ivoire exposed some challenges for the emerging doctrine. Challenges encompassing conceptual ambiguity, institutional issues and operational lapses leading to mass violation of rights of the civilian population by intervention forces, and the delegitimizing question of regime change. Future application of the RtoP must be context-specific accounting for the peculiarities of the environment where it is authorized; ensure effective monitoring and evaluation of the process and the actors involved; review of the thresholds for armed interventions; must engage local populations in the peace process and; must be backed by political will of both international and regional actors","PeriodicalId":55922,"journal":{"name":"Conflict Studies Quarterly","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2021-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44658947","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

EAST TIMOR: WHEN STATE REPRESSION MAKES SECESSION EASIER (1975-2002) 东帝汶：当国家镇压使分裂更加容易（1975-2002）

IF 0.3

Conflict Studies Quarterly Pub Date : 2021-04-01 DOI: 10.24193/csq.35.2

Jacob Fortier

引用次数: 1

NORTH CAUCASUS: PROMOTING CONFLICT RESOLUTION STRATEGY IN AN UNSTABLE REGION 北高加索：在不稳定地区推进冲突解决战略

IF 0.3

Conflict Studies Quarterly Pub Date : 2020-07-05 DOI: 10.24193/csq.32.3

M. Popov

引用次数: 0

AFGHANISTAN: US-TALIBAN PEACE TALK: CPEC PERSPECTIVE 阿富汗:美国-塔利班和谈:中巴经济走廊前景