Biochemical Society Symposia最新文献_第5页

Non-coding RNA in transcription initiation. 转录起始的非编码RNA。

Biochemical Society Symposia Pub Date : 2006-01-01 DOI: 10.1042/bss0730131

William O'Gorman, Kon Yew Kwek, Benjamin Thomas, Alexandre Akoulitchev

引用次数: 9

Fluorescence resonance energy transfer as a method for dissecting in vivo mechanisms of transcriptional activation. 荧光共振能量转移作为一种分析体内转录激活机制的方法。

Biochemical Society Symposia Pub Date : 2006-01-01 DOI: 10.1042/BSS0730217

S. Evans, D. Aiello, Michael R. Green

{"title":"Fluorescence resonance energy transfer as a method for dissecting in vivo mechanisms of transcriptional activation.","authors":"S. Evans, D. Aiello, Michael R. Green","doi":"10.1042/BSS0730217","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1042/BSS0730217","url":null,"abstract":"The first step in transcriptional activation of protein-coding genes involves the assembly on the promoter of a large PIC (pre-initiation complex) comprising RNA polymerase II and a suite of general transcription factors. Transcription is greatly enhanced by the action of promoter-specific activator proteins (activators) that function, at least in part, by increasing PIC formation. Activator-mediated stimulation of PIC assembly is thought to result from a direct interaction between the activator and one or more components of the transcription machinery, termed the 'target'. The unambiguous identification of direct, physiologically relevant in vivo targets of activators has been a considerable challenge in the transcription field. The major obstacle has been the lack appropriate experimental methods to measure direct interactions with activators in vivo. The development of spectral variants of green fluorescent protein has made it possible to perform FRET (fluorescence resonance energy transfer) analysis in living cells, thereby allowing the detection of direct protein-protein interactions in vivo. Here we discuss how FRET can be used to identify activator targets and to dissect in vivo mechanisms of transcriptional activation.","PeriodicalId":55383,"journal":{"name":"Biochemical Society Symposia","volume":"73 1","pages":"217-24"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"57708808","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

The modulation of WTI transcription function by cofactors. 辅因子对WTI转录功能的调控。

Biochemical Society Symposia Pub Date : 2006-01-01 DOI: 10.1042/bss0730191

Stefan G E Roberts

引用次数: 20

Both normal and polyglutamine- expanded ataxin-7 are components of TFTC-type GCN5 histone acetyltransferase- containing complexes. 正常的和聚谷氨酰胺扩展的ataxin-7都是tftc型GCN5组蛋白乙酰转移酶复合物的组成部分。

Biochemical Society Symposia Pub Date : 2006-01-01 DOI: 10.1042/bss0730155

Dominique Helmlinger, Sara Hardy, Adrien Eberlin, Didier Devys, Làszlò Tora

{"title":"Both normal and polyglutamine- expanded ataxin-7 are components of TFTC-type GCN5 histone acetyltransferase- containing complexes.","authors":"Dominique Helmlinger, Sara Hardy, Adrien Eberlin, Didier Devys, Làszlò Tora","doi":"10.1042/bss0730155","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1042/bss0730155","url":null,"abstract":"SCA7 (spinocerebellar ataxia type 7) is a neurodegenerative disorder caused by a CAG repeat expansion in the SCA7 gene that leads to elongation of a polyglutamine tract in ataxin-7, a protein of unknown function. Sgf73, a putative yeast orthologue of ataxin-7, has been identified as a new component of the yeast SAGA (Spt/Ada/Gcn5 acetyltransferase) multisubunit complex, a co-activator required for the transcription of a subset of RNA polymerase II-dependent genes. We show here that ataxin-7 is an integral component of mammalian SAGA-like complexes, i.e. the TFTC [TBP (TATA-binding protein)-free TAF (TBP-associated factor) complex] and the STAGA (SPT3/TAF9/GCN5 acetyltransferase) complex. In agreement with this, immunoprecipitation of ataxin-7 retained a histone acetyltransferase activity characteristic of TFTC-like complexes. Moreover, polyglutamine expansion in ataxin-7 did not affect its incorporation into TFTCs/STAGA complexes purified from cells from a SCA7 patient. We demonstrate here that ataxin-7 is the human orthologue of a the yeast SAGA Sgf73 subunit, and is a bona fide subunit of human TFTC-like transcriptional complexes.","PeriodicalId":55383,"journal":{"name":"Biochemical Society Symposia","volume":" 73","pages":"155-63"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25983699","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 36

Modulation of RNA polymerase core functions by basal transcription factor TFB/TFIIB. 基础转录因子TFB/TFIIB对RNA聚合酶核心功能的调控。

Biochemical Society Symposia Pub Date : 2006-01-01 DOI: 10.1042/bss0730049

Finn Werner, Simone Wiesler, Sven Nottebaum, Robert O J Weinzierl

引用次数: 7

Defective kidney anion-exchanger 1 (AE1, Band 3) trafficking in dominant distal renal tubular acidosis (dRTA). 肾阴离子交换器1 (AE1，能带3)在远端肾小管酸中毒(dRTA)中的转运缺陷。

Biochemical Society Symposia Pub Date : 2005-01-01 DOI: 10.1042/bss0720047

Ashley M Toye

{"title":"Defective kidney anion-exchanger 1 (AE1, Band 3) trafficking in dominant distal renal tubular acidosis (dRTA).","authors":"Ashley M Toye","doi":"10.1042/bss0720047","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1042/bss0720047","url":null,"abstract":"dRTA (distal renal tubular acidosis) results from the failure of the a-intercalated cells in the distal tubule of the nephron to acidify the urine. A truncated form of AE1 (anion-exchanger 1; Band 3), kAE1 (kidney isoform of AE1), is located in the basolateral membrane of the intercalated cell. Mutations in the AE1 gene cause autosomal dominant and recessive forms of dRTA. All the dominant dRTA mutations investigated cause aberrant trafficking of kAE1, resulting in its intracellular retention or mistargeting to the apical plasma membrane. Therefore the intracellular retention of hetero-oligomers containing wild-type and dRTA mutants, or the mistargeted protein in the apical membrane neutralizing acid secretion, explains dominant dRTA. The kAE1 (Arg(901)-->stop) mutant has been studied in more detail, since the mistargeting kAE1 (Arg(901)-->stop) from the basolateral to the apical membrane is consistent with the removal of a basolateral localization signal. The C-terminal amino acids deleted by the Arg(901)-->stop mutation, contain a tyrosine motif and a type II PDZ interaction domain. The tyrosine residue (Tyr(904)), but not the PDZ domain, is critical for basolateral localization. In the absence of the N-terminus of kAE1, the C-terminus was not sufficient to localize kAE1 to the basolateral membrane. This suggests that a determinant within the kAE1 N-terminus co-operates with the C-terminus for kAE1 basolateral localization. Interestingly, Tyr(359), in the N-terminal domain, and Tyr(904) in the C-terminus of AE1 are phosphorylated in red blood cells. A potential scheme is suggested where successive phosphorylation of these residues is necessary for correct localization and recycling of kAE1 to the basolateral membrane.","PeriodicalId":55383,"journal":{"name":"Biochemical Society Symposia","volume":" 72","pages":"47-63"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"24903722","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 29

Phosphoinositides and membrane traffic at the trans-Golgi network. 磷酸肌苷与跨高尔基网络的膜交通。

Biochemical Society Symposia Pub Date : 2005-01-01 DOI: 10.1042/bss0720031

Rawshan R Choudhury, Noora Hyvola, Martin Lowe

引用次数: 17

Consequences of lipid raft association on G-protein-coupled receptor function. 脂质筏关联对g蛋白偶联受体功能的影响。

Biochemical Society Symposia Pub Date : 2005-01-01 DOI: 10.1042/bss0720151

Anja Becher, R A Jeffrey McIlhinney

引用次数: 40

Single-molecule live-cell imaging of clathrin-based endocytosis. 基于网格蛋白内吞作用的单分子活细胞成像。

Biochemical Society Symposia Pub Date : 2005-01-01 DOI: 10.1042/bss0720071

Tomas Kirchhausen, Werner Boll, Antoine van Oijen, Marcelo Ehrlich

{"title":"Single-molecule live-cell imaging of clathrin-based endocytosis.","authors":"Tomas Kirchhausen, Werner Boll, Antoine van Oijen, Marcelo Ehrlich","doi":"10.1042/bss0720071","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1042/bss0720071","url":null,"abstract":"Clathrin-coated vesicles carry traffic from the plasma membrane to endosomes. We report here the first real-time visualization of cargo sorting and endocytosis by clathrin-coated pits in living cells. We have visualized the formation of coats by monitoring the incorporation of fluorescently tagged clathrin or its adaptor AP-2 (adaptor protein 2), and have followed clathrin-mediated uptake of transferrin, single LDL (low-density lipoprotein) and single reovirus particles. The intensity of a cargo-loaded clathrin cluster grows steadily during its lifetime, and the time required to complete assembly is proportional to the size of the cargo particle. These results are consistent with a nucleation-growth mechanism and an approximately constant growth rate. There are no preferred nucleation sites. A proportion of the nucleation events appear to be abortive. Cargo incorporation occurs primarily or exclusively in a newly formed coated pit, and loading appears to commit that pit to finish assembly. Our data led to a model in which coated pits initiate randomly, but collapse with high likelihood unless stabilized, presumably by cargo capture.","PeriodicalId":55383,"journal":{"name":"Biochemical Society Symposia","volume":" 72","pages":"71-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"24904147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 16

Regulation of the clathrin-coated vesicle cycle by reversible phosphorylation. 通过可逆磷酸化调控网格蛋白包被的囊泡循环。

Biochemical Society Symposia Pub Date : 2005-01-01 DOI: 10.1042/bss0720065

Alexander Flett, Sophia Semerdjieva, Antony P Jackson, Elizabeth Smythe

{"title":"Regulation of the clathrin-coated vesicle cycle by reversible phosphorylation.","authors":"Alexander Flett, Sophia Semerdjieva, Antony P Jackson, Elizabeth Smythe","doi":"10.1042/bss0720065","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1042/bss0720065","url":null,"abstract":"Reversible phosphorylation has long been an attractive mechanism to control cycles of coat assembly and disassembly during clathrin-mediated endocytosis. Many of the coat proteins are phosphorylated in vivo and in vitro. Our work has focused on the role of phosphorylation of the mu2 subunit of AP-2 (adaptor protein 2), which appears to be necessary for efficient cargo recruitment. Studies to probe the regulation of mu2 phosphorylation demonstrated that clathrin is a specific activator of the mu2 kinase, and, in permeabilized cells, cargo sequestration, driven by exogenously added clathrin, results in elevated levels of m2 phosphorylation. Furthermore, phosphorylated mu2 is mainly associated with assembled clathrin in vivo and its steady-state level is strongly reduced in cells depleted of clathrin heavy chain. Our results imply a central role for clathrin in the regulation of cargo selection via modulation of phospho-mu2 levels. This is therefore a novel regulatory role for clathrin that is independent of its structural role and that provides elegant spatial control of AP-2 and cargo interactions, ensuring that AP-2 is only activated at the correct cellular location and in the correct functional context. Ongoing studies are exploring further the roles of reversible phosphorylation in the coated vesicle cycle.","PeriodicalId":55383,"journal":{"name":"Biochemical Society Symposia","volume":" 72","pages":"65-70"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"24903723","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 8