Canadian Association of Radiologists Journal-Journal De L Association Canadienne Des Radiologistes最新文献

{"title":"Review of Imaging Peritoneal Disease and Treatment.","authors":"Colin McQuade, Mary Renton, Ashvina Chouhan, Roisin MacDermott, Ciara O'Brien","doi":"10.1177/08465371241296778","DOIUrl":"10.1177/08465371241296778","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Peritoneal disease can be classified as either benign or malignant in nature. Malignant peritoneal disease can be further considered as either primary or secondary in origin. Primary peritoneal malignancy includes peritoneal mesothelioma, serous carcinoma, and desmoplastic small round cell tumour. Peritoneal carcinomatosis is the most commonly encountered secondary malignant peritoneal disease, typically of ovarian, gastric, colorectal, pancreatic, small bowel neuroendocrine, or breast origin. Others include peritoneal lymphomatosis and sarcomatosis. Benign peritoneal pathology may mimic malignant disease. Differentiating benign from malignant peritoneal pathology can be challenging, but is critical to guide appropriate care and avoid unnecessary intervention. Cytoreductive surgery (CRS) and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) offers potentially curative treatment for patients with peritoneal carcinomatosis, pseudomyxoma peritonei, and peritoneal mesothelioma. For such patients, the radiologist provides crucial pre-operative information highlighting sites of disease involvement, particularly for sites which are challenging to assess at laparotomy or laparoscopy, including the hepatic dome, subdiaphragmatic space and mesenteric root. The radiologist is also essential to identify potential contraindications to surgery, as well as interpreting normal post-operative appearances, complications and assessing for disease recurrence.</p>","PeriodicalId":55290,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Association of Radiologists Journal-Journal De L Association Canadienne Des Radiologistes","volume":" ","pages":"287-301"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142787947","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Paranoid About Androids: A Review of Robotics in Radiology.","authors":"Hannah Hughes, Francois H Cornelis, Mariano Scaglione, Michael N Patlas","doi":"10.1177/08465371241290076","DOIUrl":"10.1177/08465371241290076","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In tandem with the ever-increasing global population, the demand for diagnostic radiology service provision is on the rise and at a disproportionate rate compared to the number of radiologists available to practice. The current \"revolution in robotics\" promises to alleviate personnel shortages in many sectors of industry, including medicine. Despite negative depictions of robots in popular culture, their multiple potential benefits cannot be overlooked, in particular when it comes to health service provision. The type of robots used for interventional procedures are largely robotic-assistance devices, such as the Da Vinci surgical robot. Advances have also been made with regards to robots for image-guided percutaneous needle placement, which have demonstrated superior accuracy compared to manual methods. It is likely that artificial intelligence will come to play a key role in the field of robotics and will result in an increase in the levels of robotic autonomy attainable. However, this concept is not without ethical and legal considerations, most notably who is responsible should an error occur; the physician, the robot manufacturer, software engineers, or the robot itself? Efforts have been made to legislate in order to protect against the potentially harmful effects of unexplainable \"black-box\" decision outputs of artificial intelligence systems. In order to be accepted by patients, studies have shown that the perceived level of trustworthiness and predictability of robots is crucial. Ultimately, effective, widespread implementation of medical robotic systems will be contingent on developers remaining cognizant of factors that increase human acceptance, as well as ensuring compliance with regulations.</p>","PeriodicalId":55290,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Association of Radiologists Journal-Journal De L Association Canadienne Des Radiologistes","volume":" ","pages":"232-238"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142481455","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improving Deep Learning Models for Pediatric Low-Grade Glioma Tumours Molecular Subtype Identification Using MRI-based 3D Probability Distributions of Tumour Location.","authors":"Khashayar Namdar, Matthias W Wagner, Kareem Kudus, Cynthia Hawkins, Uri Tabori, Birgit B Ertl-Wagner, Farzad Khalvati","doi":"10.1177/08465371241296834","DOIUrl":"10.1177/08465371241296834","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Purpose:</b> Pediatric low-grade gliomas (pLGG) are the most common brain tumour in children, and the molecular diagnosis of pLGG enables targeted treatment. We use MRI-based Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) for molecular subtype identification of pLGG and augment the models using tumour location probability maps. <b>Materials and Methods:</b> MRI FLAIR sequences of 214 patients (110 male, mean age of 8.54 years, 143 BRAF fused and 71 BRAF V600E mutated pLGG tumours) from January 2000 to December 2018 were included in this retrospective REB-approved study. Tumour segmentations (volumes of interest-VOIs) were provided by a pediatric neuroradiology fellow and verified by a pediatric neuroradiologist. Patients were randomly split into development and test sets with an 80/20 ratio. The 3D binary VOI masks for each class in the development set were combined to derive the probability density functions of tumour location. Three pipelines for molecular diagnosis of pLGG were developed: location-based, CNN-based, and hybrid. The experiment was repeated 100 times each with different model initializations and data splits, and the Areas Under the Receiver Operating Characteristic Curve (AUROC) was calculated, and Student's <i>t</i>-test was conducted. <b>Results:</b> The location-based classifier achieved an AUROC of 77.9, 95% confidence interval (CI) (76.8, 79.0). CNN-based classifiers achieved an AUROC of 86.1, 95% CI (85.0, 87.3), while the tumour-location-guided CNNs outperformed the other classifiers with an average AUROC of 88.64, 95% CI (87.6, 89.7), which was statistically significant (<i>P</i>-value .0018). <b>Conclusion:</b> Incorporating tumour location probability maps into CNN models led to significant improvements for molecular subtype identification of pLGG.</p>","PeriodicalId":55290,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Association of Radiologists Journal-Journal De L Association Canadienne Des Radiologistes","volume":" ","pages":"313-323"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142633266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of a BERT Natural Language Processing Model for Automating CT and MRI Triage and Protocol Selection.","authors":"Jason Yao, Abdullah Alabousi, Oleg Mironov","doi":"10.1177/08465371241255895","DOIUrl":"10.1177/08465371241255895","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Purpose:</b> To evaluate the accuracy of a Bidirectional Encoder Representations for Transformers (BERT) Natural Language Processing (NLP) model for automating triage and protocol selection of cross-sectional image requisitions. <b>Methods:</b> A retrospective study was completed using 222 392 CT and MRI studies from a single Canadian university hospital database (January 2018-September 2022). Three hundred unique protocols (116 CT and 184 MRI) were included. A BERT model was trained, validated, and tested using an 80%-10%-10% stratified split. Naive Bayes (NB) and Support Vector Machine (SVM) machine learning models were used as comparators. Models were assessed using F1 score, precision, recall, and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC). The BERT model was also assessed for multi-class protocol suggestion and subgroups based on referral location, modality, and imaging section. <b>Results:</b> BERT was superior to SVM for protocol selection (F1 score: BERT-0.901 vs SVM-0.881). However, was not significantly different from SVM for triage prediction (F1 score: BERT-0.844 vs SVM-0.845). Both models outperformed NB for protocol and triage. BERT had superior performance on minority classes compared to SVM and NB. For multiclass prediction, BERT accuracy was up to 0.991 for top-5 protocol suggestion, and 0.981 for top-2 triage suggestion. Emergency department patients had the highest F1 scores for both protocol (0.957) and triage (0.986), compared to inpatients and outpatients. <b>Conclusion:</b> The BERT NLP model demonstrated strong performance in automating the triage and protocol selection of radiology studies, showing potential to enhance radiologist workflows. These findings suggest the feasibility of using advanced NLP models to streamline radiology operations.</p>","PeriodicalId":55290,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Association of Radiologists Journal-Journal De L Association Canadienne Des Radiologistes","volume":" ","pages":"265-272"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141238206","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT for the Detection of Immune-Related Adverse Events in Patients With Metastatic Melanoma Receiving Immunotherapy.","authors":"Vanessa Murad, Ur Metser, Andres Kohan, Sarah Murad, Patrick Veit-Haibach, Claudia Ortega","doi":"10.1177/08465371251334929","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/08465371251334929","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Purpose:</b> To evaluate frequency and distribution of immune-related adverse events detected by ¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT in patients with metastatic melanoma undergoing immunotherapy. <b>Materials and Methods:</b> Retrospective observational cohort study evaluating 147 patients with metastatic melanoma treated with immunotherapy and referred for therapy response assessment with ¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT at our institution from January 2010 to August 2022. In total, 201 PET/CT scans performed at various time points were analyzed. IRAEs detected on PET/CT were compared against clinical reference standards, including physical examinations, laboratory tests, and biopsies. Diagnostic performance metrics (sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value), and diagnostic yields were calculated. <b>Results:</b> There were 36/147 patients (24.5%) with IRAEs recorded according to standard of reference, with 39 IRAEs in the entire cohort. At time point level, PET/CT identified 36/36 (100%) patients with IRAEs confirmed by the reference standard, while clinical suspicion identified 26/36 (72%) cases. At IRAE level, PET/CT identified 36/39 (92%) of IRAEs confirmed by the reference standard. Thirteen out of 39 (33.3%) cases identified on PET/CT were not suspected clinically but confirmed by the reference standard. The most frequent IRAEs, both suspected clinically and on PET/CT, corresponded to thyroiditis and colitis. Among the PET/CT positive cases, the majority corresponded to grade 2 severity. <b>Conclusion:</b> ¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT is highly effective in detecting IRAEs in patients with metastatic melanoma on immunotherapy, uncovering clinically unsuspected events in up to 33% of cases. These results highlight its important role in early detection, guiding timely interventions, and improving overall outcomes of immunotherapy-related toxicities.</p>","PeriodicalId":55290,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Association of Radiologists Journal-Journal De L Association Canadienne Des Radiologistes","volume":" ","pages":"8465371251334929"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144006831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Imaging-Based Approach to Venous-Origin Chronic Pelvic Pain.","authors":"Vaneeza Moosa, Tiffany Ni, Inbar Friedman, Andrew D Brown","doi":"10.1177/08465371251336121","DOIUrl":"10.1177/08465371251336121","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Chronic pelvic pain (CPP) is a debilitating condition affecting up to 26% of women worldwide. Among its many causes, pelvic venous disorders (PeVD) is increasingly recognized as an underdiagnosed contributor, often overlooked due to its non-specific presentation. PeVD results from venous reflux, or obstruction, leading to venous hypertension, congestion, and chronic pain. Advanced imaging techniques play a pivotal role in diagnosing PeVD, differentiating it from other etiologies of CPP. Ultrasound, particularly Doppler imaging, serves as the firstline modality for assessing venous reflux and dilation. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance venography provide detailed anatomical and haemodynamic evaluations, aiding in the identification of compressive syndromes and collateral pathways. Selective venography remains the gold standard, offering real-time visualization of reflux severity and guiding minimally invasive interventions such as venous embolization. Despite these advances, PeVD remains underrecognized in clinical practice, leading to delays in diagnosis and management. Increased awareness and standardized diagnostic criteria are crucial for improving patient outcomes. A multidisciplinary approach incorporating radiologists, gynecologists, and vascular specialists is essential for the comprehensive evaluation and treatment of PeVD. Emerging therapies, including endovascular techniques, offer promising options for symptom relief, reducing the need for invasive surgical procedures. This review highlights the pathophysiology, imaging modalities, and evolving management strategies for PeVD, emphasizing the importance of early recognition and intervention in patients with CPP.</p>","PeriodicalId":55290,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Association of Radiologists Journal-Journal De L Association Canadienne Des Radiologistes","volume":" ","pages":"8465371251336121"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144056244","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Breast Cancer Leads Cancer Mortality Among Canadian Women Aged 30 to 54.","authors":"Weldon Liu","doi":"10.1177/08465371251336230","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/08465371251336230","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":55290,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Association of Radiologists Journal-Journal De L Association Canadienne Des Radiologistes","volume":" ","pages":"8465371251336230"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144057417","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to \"CAR/CSAR Practice Statement on Pelvic MRI for Endometriosis\".","authors":"","doi":"10.1177/08465371251337214","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/08465371251337214","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":55290,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Association of Radiologists Journal-Journal De L Association Canadienne Des Radiologistes","volume":" ","pages":"8465371251337214"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144056238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Letter to Our Patients: Patient-Centred Reporting in Radiology.","authors":"Samuel S Haile, Michael N Patlas","doi":"10.1177/08465371251332843","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/08465371251332843","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":55290,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Association of Radiologists Journal-Journal De L Association Canadienne Des Radiologistes","volume":" ","pages":"8465371251332843"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144059060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"First Year in a New Leadership Role: Lessons Learned.","authors":"Hannah Hughes, Kate Hanneman, Michael N Patlas","doi":"10.1177/08465371251332504","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/08465371251332504","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>When discussing leadership, multiple questions arise: what does it mean to be an effective leader?; what are the characteristics of a person that make them so?; and are leaders born, or are they made? Organizations need effective leaders at all levels, especially in the constant and rapidly changing landscape that is healthcare provision. Those in senior leadership roles should encourage junior team members to engage in leadership activities appropriate to their level of comfort and expertise. Integrity and principle are also essential leadership characteristics, particularly when faced with making decisions that are difficult, or considered to be \"unpopular.\" Organizations that wish to develop and maintain effective leadership programs must ensure that they balance the needs of the organization with those of the leaders. Adequate space must be made to facilitate leadership activities as well as personal, academic, and clinical duties. Ultimately, leadership takes practice and persistence on the part of the leader themselves, but also on the part of the organization in which they work.</p>","PeriodicalId":55290,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Association of Radiologists Journal-Journal De L Association Canadienne Des Radiologistes","volume":" ","pages":"8465371251332504"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143993003","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}