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Clinical Lipidology最新文献

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Lipocalin 2 in the pathogenesis of fatty liver disease and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis 脂钙蛋白2在脂肪肝和非酒精性脂肪性肝炎发病机制中的作用
Clinical Lipidology Pub Date : 2015-02-01 DOI: 10.2217/clp.14.65
A. Asimakopoulou, R. Weiskirchen
{"title":"Lipocalin 2 in the pathogenesis of fatty liver disease and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis","authors":"A. Asimakopoulou, R. Weiskirchen","doi":"10.2217/clp.14.65","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2217/clp.14.65","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The lipocalins were originally classified as a widespread group of transport proteins for small hydrophobic molecules. Although they only share a limited sequence homology their 3D fold is conserved. This group of proteins has been implicated in a multitude of biological processes that most often become visible during disease formation. Lipocalin 2 (LCN2) serves as a siderocalin and protects against bacterial infections. In the liver, LCN2 expression is upregulated during inflammation and in response to cellular stress evolving protective effects during acute and chronic injury. LCN2 was shown to act as an adipokine in the pathogenesis of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and in control of brown adipose tissue activation. In a nutritional model of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, LCN2 was identified as a key factor that controls the expression of the perlipin 5 regulating cellular lipid droplet formation. We here summarize experimental and clinical findings linking LCN2 to fatty liver disease.","PeriodicalId":55252,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Lipidology","volume":"8 1","pages":"47 - 67"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76631234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 12
Alirocumab: an investigational treatment for hypercholesterolemia Alirocumab:一种实验性治疗高胆固醇血症的药物
Clinical Lipidology Pub Date : 2015-02-01 DOI: 10.2217/clp.14.56
K. Ray
{"title":"Alirocumab: an investigational treatment for hypercholesterolemia","authors":"K. Ray","doi":"10.2217/clp.14.56","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2217/clp.14.56","url":null,"abstract":"Kausik Kumar Ray is visiting Professor of Cardiovascular Disease Prevention in the Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of London, London, UK. Professor Ray received his medical education (MB ChB, 1991) at the University of Birmingham Medical School, UK, his MD (2004) at the University of Sheffield, UK, a postdoctoral fellowship at Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts, USA, and finally an MPhil in Epidemiology (2007) from the University of Cambridge, UK. A Fellow of the American College of Cardiology, the European Society of Cardiology, the American Heart Association and the Royal College of Physicians, Professor Ray is also a member of the British Cardiovascular Society. Professor Ray has been the national lead investigator, served on the committees or been Principal Investigator for several major medical trials, including T-EMERGE 8, SOLID TIMI 52, SAVOR TIMI 54, DAL OUTCOMES II, DAL-ACUTE, ODYSSEY and DECLARE TIMI 58. Professor Ray's research interests have focused on the prevention and red...","PeriodicalId":55252,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Lipidology","volume":"32 1","pages":"12 - 9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82600737","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
An update on testosterone, HDL and cardiovascular risk in men. 男性睾酮、高密度脂蛋白和心血管风险的最新研究。
Clinical Lipidology Pub Date : 2015-01-01 DOI: 10.2217/clp.15.10
Arthi Thirumalai, Katya B Rubinow, Stephanie T Page
{"title":"An update on testosterone, HDL and cardiovascular risk in men.","authors":"Arthi Thirumalai,&nbsp;Katya B Rubinow,&nbsp;Stephanie T Page","doi":"10.2217/clp.15.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2217/clp.15.10","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Testosterone prescriptions have risen steadily and sharply in the USA despite a lack of clear understanding of the relationship between androgens and cardiovascular disease. In men with increasing age, testosterone levels decline and cardiovascular disease risk goes up. Ties between hypogonadism and cardiovascular disease are suggested by observational data, yet therapy with testosterone replacement has not been shown to mitigate that risk. To the contrary, recent literature has raised concern for increased cardiovascular disease in certain groups of men receiving testosterone therapy. In this article, we review current literature in an attempt to better understand what it suggests is the true relationship between testosterone and cardiovascular disease. We also take a closer look at effects of testosterone on lipids and HDL in particular, to see if this explains the cardiovascular effects seen in clinical studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":55252,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Lipidology","volume":"10 3","pages":"251-258"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2217/clp.15.10","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33908938","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 24
Lipoprotein effects of incretin analogs and dipeptidyl peptidase 4 inhibitors. 肠促胰岛素类似物和二肽基肽酶4抑制剂对脂蛋白的影响。
Clinical Lipidology Pub Date : 2015-01-01 DOI: 10.2217/clp.14.59
Jixin Zhong, Andrei Maiseyeu, Sanjay Rajagopalan
{"title":"Lipoprotein effects of incretin analogs and dipeptidyl peptidase 4 inhibitors.","authors":"Jixin Zhong,&nbsp;Andrei Maiseyeu,&nbsp;Sanjay Rajagopalan","doi":"10.2217/clp.14.59","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2217/clp.14.59","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Elevated post-prandial lipoprotein levels are common in patients with type 2 diabetes. Post-prandial lipoprotein alterations in type 2 diabetics are widely believed to drive inflammation and are considered a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease in diabetic patients. The incretins glucagon like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and glucose insulinotropic peptide (GIP) modulate post-prandial lipoproteins through a multitude of pathways that are independent of insulin and weight loss. Evidence from both animal models and humans seems to suggest an important effect on triglyceride rich lipoproteins (Apo48 containing) with little to no effects on other lipoproteins at least in humans. Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP4) inhibitors also appear to share these effects suggesting an important role for incretins in these effects. In this review, we will summarize lipid modulating effects of incretin analogs and DPP-4 inhibitors in both animal models and human studies and provide an overview of mechanisms responsible for these effects.</p>","PeriodicalId":55252,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Lipidology","volume":"10 1","pages":"103-112"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2217/clp.14.59","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33331213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 13
Novel method for reducing plasma cholesterol: a ligand replacement therapy. 降低血浆胆固醇的新方法：配体替代疗法。
Clinical Lipidology Pub Date : 2015-01-01 DOI: 10.2217/clp.14.63
G M Anantharamaiah, Dennis Goldberg
{"title":"Novel method for reducing plasma cholesterol: a ligand replacement therapy.","authors":"G M Anantharamaiah, Dennis Goldberg","doi":"10.2217/clp.14.63","DOIUrl":"10.2217/clp.14.63","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Despite wide use of statins, significant cardiovascular disease risk persists. High-density lipoprotein based therapy has not yielded any positive results in combating this disease. Newer methods to rapidly decrease plasma cholesterol are much needed. While apolipoprotein B is a ligand for low-density lipoprotein receptor, which clears low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in a highly regulated pathway, apolipoprotein E (apoE) is a ligand for clearing other apolipoprotein B containing atherogenic lipoproteins via an alternate receptor pathway, especially the heparin sulfate proteoglycans on the liver cell surface. We describe here a novel method that replaces apoE as a ligand to clear all of the atherogenic lipoproteins via the heparin sulfate proteoglycans pathway. This ligand replacement apoE mimetic peptide therapy, having been designated as an orphan drug by the US FDA, is in clinical trials.</p>","PeriodicalId":55252,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Lipidology","volume":"10 1","pages":"83-90"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4415983/pdf/nihms683014.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33271563","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Lipids and prostate cancer adenocarcinoma 脂质和前列腺癌
Clinical Lipidology Pub Date : 2014-12-01 DOI: 10.2217/clp.14.51
A. Alioui, O. Celhay, Silvère Baron, J. Lobaccaro
{"title":"Lipids and prostate cancer adenocarcinoma","authors":"A. Alioui, O. Celhay, Silvère Baron, J. Lobaccaro","doi":"10.2217/clp.14.51","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2217/clp.14.51","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Due to their amphiphilic properties, lipids are able to form various biological structures through the development of specific vesicles. Fatty acids and cholesterol thus constitute important molecules for lipid membrane composition. Conversely lipid dysfunction, and more specifically cholesterol homeostasis dysregulation, is involved in a wide range of pathologies. Among these, cancerous lesions have been correlated with cholesterol accumulation. However, links between cholesterol and cancer promotion and progression are still poorly understood and characterized although it is now assumed that sensing and controlling cholesterol levels may be critical for cancer kinetics. This review will focus on lipid abnormalities associated with prostate cancer adenocarcinoma, as well as the mechanisms by which cholesterol may promote cancer progression. Pharmacologically, molecules inhibiting HMG-CoA reductase or activating liver X receptors, the nuclear receptors for oxysterols, could disrupt cholesterol contribution to prostate carcinogenesis.","PeriodicalId":55252,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Lipidology","volume":"2015 1","pages":"643 - 655"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87844730","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 4
Bacterial lipid A: the link between infection with a common oral pathogen and atherosclerosis 细菌性脂质A:一种常见口腔病原体感染与动脉粥样硬化之间的联系
Clinical Lipidology Pub Date : 2014-12-01 DOI: 10.2217/clp.14.54
Connie Slocum, C. Genco
{"title":"Bacterial lipid A: the link between infection with a common oral pathogen and atherosclerosis","authors":"Connie Slocum, C. Genco","doi":"10.2217/clp.14.54","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2217/clp.14.54","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract “...these studies point to the complexity of inflammatory pathways leading to atherosclerosis and that there are ligand-specific pathways leading to disease progression.”","PeriodicalId":55252,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Lipidology","volume":"64 1","pages":"599 - 602"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84744153","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Are add-on agents to statin therapy necessary in hypercholesterolemia? 高胆固醇血症需要他汀类药物治疗的附加药物吗?
Clinical Lipidology Pub Date : 2014-12-01 DOI: 10.2217/clp.14.57
L. Dayer-Berenson, M. Finckenor, Michelle Tuzzolino
{"title":"Are add-on agents to statin therapy necessary in hypercholesterolemia?","authors":"L. Dayer-Berenson, M. Finckenor, Michelle Tuzzolino","doi":"10.2217/clp.14.57","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2217/clp.14.57","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Elevated cholesterol is a major risk factor for atherosclerosis and coronary heart disease, and its control remains poor. Diet and exercise may not achieve LDL-C goals, particularly in high-risk patients. Statins are first-line treatment for lowering LDL-C. Recent ACC/AHA guidelines focus on groups benefiting the most from a statin, as well as using higher dose statins rather than a low-dose statin in combination with other cholesterol-lowering agents. Statin monotherapy will be inadequate to get half of treated patients to LDL-C goal, necessitating add-on therapy. Combining a statin with a bile acid sequestrant, fibrate or ezetimibe can help achieve lipid goals, and a bile acid sequestrant has the unique ability to reduce LDL-C, while improving glycemic control in patients with diabetes.","PeriodicalId":55252,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Lipidology","volume":"46 12 1","pages":"695 - 707"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86568815","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Dyslipidemias and chronic kidney disease: a focus on pathogenesis and treatment 血脂异常和慢性肾脏疾病:发病机制和治疗的焦点
Clinical Lipidology Pub Date : 2014-12-01 DOI: 10.2217/clp.14.45
S. Vuono, M. Ricci, M. Mannarino, G. Lupattelli
{"title":"Dyslipidemias and chronic kidney disease: a focus on pathogenesis and treatment","authors":"S. Vuono, M. Ricci, M. Mannarino, G. Lupattelli","doi":"10.2217/clp.14.45","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2217/clp.14.45","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Chronic kidney disease (CKD), dyslipidemias and cardiovascular risk are related conditions. CKD is associated with an increased risk of total and cardiovascular mortality. Atherosclerosis can lead to chronic renal failure and at the same time CKD is considered an independent cardiovascular risk factor. The main types of dyslipidemia secondary to nephropathies are dyslipidemia of nephrotic syndrome and dyslipidemia of advanced CKD. Patients with CKD are considered in the highest CV risk category; thus, lipid profile should be evaluated since the first stages of CKD. This review focuses on the current knowledge on the relationship between CKD and cardiovascular diseases, on the pathogenesis of the dyslipidemias secondary to nephropathies and on the main therapeutic options used to treat these dyslipidemias.","PeriodicalId":55252,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Lipidology","volume":"1 1","pages":"673 - 681"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90266983","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
Effects of dietary cholesterol in diabetes and cardiovascular disease 膳食胆固醇对糖尿病和心血管疾病的影响
Clinical Lipidology Pub Date : 2014-12-01 DOI: 10.2217/clp.14.40
M. Fernández, C. Andersen
{"title":"Effects of dietary cholesterol in diabetes and cardiovascular disease","authors":"M. Fernández, C. Andersen","doi":"10.2217/clp.14.40","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2217/clp.14.40","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Dietary cholesterol has received a lot of attention in regards to its potential association with both heart disease and Type 2 diabetes from health professionals and the general public. There is ample evidence from epidemiological data, meta-analysis reports and clinical interventions on the lack of a relationship between dietary cholesterol and heart disease risk. However, current reports appear to indicate that increased dietary cholesterol may be associated with an increased risk for heart disease in diabetic patients. Further, the relationship between dietary cholesterol and diabetes risk has not reached a consensus in the current literature and clinical studies have failed to prove that increased dietary cholesterol affects glucose metabolism or insulin resistance, indicating the need for more prospective and clinical studies. The current review will address the controversies from studies focusing on the associations and/or lack of correlation between dietary cholesterol and heart disease as well as dietary cholesterol and diabetes.","PeriodicalId":55252,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Lipidology","volume":"47 1","pages":"607 - 616"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77624148","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 12
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