Comparative and Functional Genomics最新文献

{"title":"Analysis of Genotypes and Phenotypes in Chinese Patients With Tuberous Sclerosis Complex Harboring Novel Variants of TSC1 and TSC2 Genes","authors":"Jian Chen,&nbsp;Hairui Sun,&nbsp;Ling Han,&nbsp;Xiaoyan Gu,&nbsp;Xiaoyan Hao,&nbsp;Yuwei Fu,&nbsp;Zongjie Weng,&nbsp;Yi Xiong,&nbsp;Baomin Liu,&nbsp;Hongjia Zhang,&nbsp;Yihua He,&nbsp;Hong Li","doi":"10.1155/ijog/6963280","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/ijog/6963280","url":null,"abstract":"<p><b>Background:</b> This study aimed to assess the pathogenicity of newly identified tuberous sclerosis Complex 1 (TSC1) and TSC2 variants, contributing definitive evidence for the diagnosis of TSC.</p><p><b>Methods:</b> A total of 103 TSC patients underwent TSC genetic testing using standardized protocols, and genetic testing was extended to their respective families. Analysis of genetic testing results considered clinical phenotype and gene pathogenicity based on the 2012 revision of the International Society of TSC.</p><p><b>Results:</b> Among participants, 12 exhibited previously unreported variants of TSC1 or TSC2 gene absent in relevant databases. All 12 clinically diagnosed TSC patients presented typical phenotypes, such as brain lesions and skin changes. Notably, there were 2 variants of <i>TSC1</i> gene and 10 variants of <i>TSC2</i> gene, encompassing 8 frameshift variants, 2 nonsense variants, and 2 missense variants.</p><p><b>Conclusions:</b> This study broadens the spectrum of variants of <i>TSC1</i> and <i>TSC2</i> genes, reaffirming the clinical diagnosis of patients through genetic testing.</p>","PeriodicalId":55239,"journal":{"name":"Comparative and Functional Genomics","volume":"2025 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/ijog/6963280","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143919858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Decoding the Tumor Microenvironment of Myoepithelial Cells in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Through Single-Cell and Transcriptomic Sequencing and Establishing a Prognostic Model Based on Key Myoepithelial Cell Genes","authors":"Xiaocheng Yu,&nbsp;Ye Tian,&nbsp;Rui Zhang,&nbsp;Yong Yang","doi":"10.1155/ijog/6454413","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/ijog/6454413","url":null,"abstract":"<p><b>Background:</b> Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive subtype with high malignancy, rapid progression, and a poor 5-year survival rate of ~77%. Due to the lack of targeted therapies, treatment options are limited, highlighting the urgent need for novel therapeutic strategies. Myoepithelial cells (MECs) in the tumor microenvironment may significantly influence TNBC development and progression.</p><p><b>Methods:</b> This study used single-cell RNA sequencing to compare the MEC gene expression in the normal versus TNBC tissues. TNBC-associated MECs showed increased expression of proliferation- and immune-related genes (e.g., FDCSP, KRT14, and KRT17) and decreased expression of inflammatory and extracellular matrix-related genes (e.g., CXCL8, SRGN, and DCN). Copy number variation and pseudotime analyses revealed genomic alterations and phenotypic dynamics in MECs. A CoxBoost-based prognostic model was developed and validated across 20 survival cohorts, integrating immune profiling, pathway enrichment, and drug sensitivity analyses. Mendelian randomization identified TPD52 as a TNBC risk–associated gene. siRNA knockdown of TPD52 was performed in TNBC cell lines to evaluate its effects on proliferation and migration.</p><p><b>Results:</b> TNBC MECs displayed significant changes in the gene expression and genomic integrity, impacting immune responses and tumor invasion. The prognostic model effectively predicted 1-, 3-, and 5-year survival outcomes, stratifying high-risk patients with enriched cell cycle and DNA replication pathways, reduced immune checkpoint expression, and chemotherapy resistance. TPD52 was identified as a tumor-promoting gene, and its knockdown suppressed TNBC cell proliferation and migration.</p><p><b>Conclusion:</b> This study highlights MECs’ role in TNBC progression, provides a CoxBoost prognostic model for personalized treatment, and identifies TPD52 as a potential therapeutic target for TNBC intervention.</p>","PeriodicalId":55239,"journal":{"name":"Comparative and Functional Genomics","volume":"2025 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/ijog/6454413","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143909448","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Oxford Nanopore Technologies–Based Sequencing Assay for Molecular Diagnosis of Phenylketonuria and Variant Frequencies in a Turkish Cohort","authors":"Gülten Tuncel,&nbsp;Mehmet Cihan Balcı,&nbsp;Gökçe Akan,&nbsp;Hasan Hüseyin Kazan,&nbsp;Özge Özgen,&nbsp;Ahmet Çağlar Özketen,&nbsp;Meryem Karaca,&nbsp;Asuman Gedikbaşı,&nbsp;Fatmahan Atalar,&nbsp;Gülden Fatma Gökçay","doi":"10.1155/ijog/5552662","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/ijog/5552662","url":null,"abstract":"<p><b>Background:</b> Phenylketonuria (PKU) is an autosomal recessive metabolic disorder caused by mutations in the <i>PAH</i> gene, resulting in deficient phenylalanine hydroxylase (PAH) enzyme activity and neurotoxic phenylalanine accumulation. Untreated PKU results in progressive neurodegeneration and severe intellectual disability. Neonatal screening has evolved from the Guthrie test to advanced techniques like HPLC, tandem mass spectrometry, and next-generation sequencing (NGS) for molecular confirmation. This study aimed to develop a rapid, scalable <i>PAH</i> genetic assay using Oxford Nanopore Technologies (ONTs) to enhance neonatal screening in high-prevalence regions like Türkiye, through accelerated, cost-effective genetic diagnostics.</p><p><b>Methods:</b> An in-house panel was designed, implemented, and benchmarked against results obtained from the Illumina sequencing platform. A cohort of 40 PKU patients, previously diagnosed using Illumina platform, was selected for this study. Gene-specific primers were strategically designed to amplify exonic regions, untranslated segments, and exon–intron junctions of the <i>PAH</i> gene. Sequencing libraries were then prepared and processed using the MinION Mk1c instrument, with subsequent data analysis conducted through the Guppy software and complementary bioinformatics tools.</p><p><b>Results:</b> The findings showed complete agreement between the ONT and Illumina platforms, corroborating the high fidelity and reliability of the ONT-based assay. All pathogenic variants previously identified through Illumina sequencing were accurately detected, albeit with varying observed allele frequencies. Notably, the most prevalent variants identified in the patient cohort were NC_000012.12(NM_000277.3):c.1066-11G &gt; A with a frequency of 37.5% and NC_000012.12(NM_000277.3):c.782G &gt; A, at 15%.</p><p><b>Conclusion:</b> The ONT-based single-gene testing for PKU demonstrated complete concordance with Illumina sequencing, validating its accuracy and reliability. This method effectively detects pathogenic variants and offers a faster, cost-effective solution for neonatal screening, particularly beneficial in high-prevalence regions like Türkiye.</p>","PeriodicalId":55239,"journal":{"name":"Comparative and Functional Genomics","volume":"2025 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/ijog/5552662","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143871820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multiomics Approach Distinguishes SPTBN4 as a Key Molecule in Diagnosis, Prognosis, and Immune Suppression of Testicular Seminomas","authors":"Jianfeng Xiang,&nbsp;Yanjie Xiang,&nbsp;Qintao Ge,&nbsp;Yunhong Zhou,&nbsp;Hailiang Zhang,&nbsp;Wenhao Xu,&nbsp;Shifang Zhou,&nbsp;Liang Chen","doi":"10.1155/ijog/3530098","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/ijog/3530098","url":null,"abstract":"<p><b>Background:</b> Testicular seminomas, a common germ cell tumor, poses clinical challenges due to its molecular heterogeneity and limited biomarkers for precise diagnosis and prognosis. Leveraging multiomics approaches enables the comprehensive dissection of tumor complexity and facilitates the identification of key molecules influencing disease progression and therapeutic response.</p><p><b>Methods:</b> Single-cell RNA transcriptomic sequencing (scRNA-seq) was utilized to explore the cellular and transcriptional heterogeneity of testicular seminomas. High-dimensional weighted gene coexpression network analysis (hdWGCNA) identified gene modules linked to tumor progression. Public datasets were integrated for gene expression and survival analyses, and drug sensitivity patterns were assessed using the GDSC database.</p><p><b>Results:</b> scRNA-seq analysis revealed heterogeneous epithelial populations, with Epi1 cells exhibiting SLC5A5 and SPTBN4 as risk factors for advanced progression of seminomas. hdWGCNA identified nine gene modules, with the M6 module significantly enriched in Epi1 cells, implicating pathways such as negative regulation of ERAD and selective mRNA degradation. SPTBN4 was markedly upregulated in seminoma compared to nonseminomatous tumors and normal tissues, and its high expression was associated with poorer clinical outcomes and immunosuppressive microenvironments. Immune pathway analyses highlighted reduced antigen presentation and increased neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) formation in the SPTBN4-high group, suggesting diminished immunotherapeutic efficacy. Conversely, the SPTBN4-high group exhibited increased sensitivity to multiple chemotherapeutic agents, including thapsigargin and sorafenib, indicating its potential as a predictive marker for chemotherapy.</p><p><b>Conclusion:</b> In conclusion, this multiomics study identifies SPTBN4 as a central biomarker in testicular seminomas, encompassing diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic dimensions. The integration of single-cell transcriptomics, hdWGCNA, and drug sensitivity analyses underscores the molecular complexity of seminomas and highlights the translational potential of SPTBN4 in guiding personalized treatment strategies. These findings provide a foundation for leveraging multiomics approaches to advance the clinical management of testicular seminomas and other heterogeneous malignancies.</p>","PeriodicalId":55239,"journal":{"name":"Comparative and Functional Genomics","volume":"2025 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/ijog/3530098","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143875562","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"KCNJ2 Facilitates Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma Progression and Glucose Metabolism","authors":"Qiyue Zhao,&nbsp;Zhengshu Wei,&nbsp;Guanglin Yang,&nbsp;Liwei Wei,&nbsp;Hao Chen,&nbsp;Zelin Cui,&nbsp;Naikai Liao,&nbsp;Min Qin,&nbsp;Jiwen Cheng","doi":"10.1155/ijog/2210652","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/ijog/2210652","url":null,"abstract":"<p><b>Background:</b> Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is marked by aggressive characteristics and a poor prognosis. The involvement of KCNJ2, an inward rectifying potassium channel, in the progression of ccRCC, along with its potential roles in immune modulation and metabolic pathways, remains unclear.</p><p><b>Methods:</b> The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database was utilized to analyze the gene expression, clinicopathological characteristics, and clinical relevance of KCNJ2. The prognostic value of KCNJ2 in ccRCC was evaluated with Kaplan–Meier survival analysis and receiver operating characteristic curve analyses. The TCGA-KIRC dataset was utilized to analyze tumor microenvironment (TME), focusing on tumor-infiltrating immune cells and immunomodulators. The biological functions of KCNJ2 were investigated in vitro using CCK-8, flow cytometry, wound healing, transwell, qRT-PCR, and Western blotting assays.</p><p><b>Results:</b> KCNJ2 expression was notably higher in ccRCC than in normal kidney tissues, with increased levels associated with advanced tumor stages. However, KCNJ2 did not exhibit obvious prognostic value. Coexpression analysis identified associations with genes implicated in energy metabolism. Analysis of the TME and immune profile indicated a link between KCNJ2 expression and immune cell infiltration, along with particular immune checkpoints. <i>In vitro</i> studies demonstrated that KCNJ2 overexpression enhanced cell proliferation, migration, invasion, glucose production, and ATP generation.</p><p><b>Conclusion:</b> KCNJ2 plays a crucial role in ccRCC progression through affecting glucose metabolism and immune responses. Our findings reveal the functional role of KCNJ2 in promoting tumor progression and metabolic reprogramming in ccRCC, highlighting its therapeutic potential as a novel target for ccRCC treatment. Further studies are essential to clarify the mechanisms by which KCNJ2 affects ccRCC biology and to evaluate its clinical relevance.</p>","PeriodicalId":55239,"journal":{"name":"Comparative and Functional Genomics","volume":"2025 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/ijog/2210652","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143865985","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Relationship Between Preoperative Neutrophil–Lymphocyte Ratio and Postoperative Length of Stay in Carotid Body Tumor Resection","authors":"Biao Wu,&nbsp;Jiang Zhu,&nbsp;Liang Chen,&nbsp;Xiaonan Wang,&nbsp;Hao Zhang,&nbsp;Kunyu Guan,&nbsp;Yu Li","doi":"10.1155/ijog/5431545","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/ijog/5431545","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Carotid body tumor (CBT) resection is a complex surgical procedure often resulting in extended postoperative length of stay (PLOS) due to potential nerve injuries, arterial damage, and wound complications. The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is a known marker of systemic inflammation and has been associated with adverse outcomes in various surgical settings. However, the relationship between preoperative NLR and PLOS in CBT patients has not been explored. This study aims to investigate the association between preoperative NLR and PLOS in CBT resections, particularly examining whether elevated NLR correlates with longer hospital stays and potentially hinders recovery. In this retrospective cohort study, we analyzed data from 231 CBT patients who underwent resection at Changhai Hospital, Shanghai, between 2008 and 2020. Patients were grouped based on their PLOS (short, medium, and long stays), and NLR was calculated from peripheral blood samples taken preoperatively. Univariate and multivariate regression models adjusted for sociodemographic and operative factors, including Shamblin classification, were used to examine the relationship between NLR and PLOS. Elevated preoperative NLR has been found to be significantly correlated with prolonged PLOS, with each incremental increase in NLR corresponding to an approximate extension of 0.12 days in PLOS after adjusting for confounding factors. Stratified analysis revealed that this association was most pronounced in patients with Shamblin II tumors, likely due to the moderate tumor size and adhesion in these cases, which necessitates more extensive dissection and increases vulnerability to nerve injury. Elevated preoperative NLR may serve as a predictor of prolonged recovery in CBT resections, particularly for Shamblin II cases. This finding highlights the potential utility of NLR in preoperative assessment and patient management to optimize surgical timing and reduce hospital stays. Further research with larger cohorts is needed to confirm the predictive value of NLR and explore its clinical application in surgical planning for CBT patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":55239,"journal":{"name":"Comparative and Functional Genomics","volume":"2025 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/ijog/5431545","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143861797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inflammatory Cell Interactions in the Rotator Cuff Microenvironment: Insights From Single-Cell Sequencing","authors":"Wencai Liu,&nbsp;Xinyu Wang,&nbsp;Yuhao Yu,&nbsp;Weiming Lin,&nbsp;Hui Xu,&nbsp;Xiping Jiang,&nbsp;Chenrui Yuan,&nbsp;Yifei Wang,&nbsp;Xin Wang,&nbsp;Wei Song,&nbsp;Yaohua He","doi":"10.1155/ijog/6175946","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/ijog/6175946","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Rotator cuff injuries are a common cause of shoulder pain and dysfunction, with chronic inflammation complicating recovery. Recent advances in single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) have provided new insights into the immune cell interactions within the rotator cuff microenvironment during injury and healing. This review focuses on the application of scRNA-seq to explore the roles of immune and nonimmune cells, including macrophages, T-cells, fibroblasts, and myofibroblasts, in driving inflammation, tissue repair, and fibrosis. We discuss how immune cell crosstalk and interactions with the extracellular matrix influence the progression of healing or pathology. Single-cell analyses have identified distinct molecular signatures associated with chronic inflammation, which may contribute to persistent tissue damage. Additionally, we highlight the therapeutic potential of targeting inflammation in rotator cuff repair, emphasizing personalized medicine approaches. Overall, the integration of scRNA-seq in studying rotator cuff injuries enhances our understanding of the cellular mechanisms involved and offers new perspectives for developing targeted treatments in regenerative medicine.</p>","PeriodicalId":55239,"journal":{"name":"Comparative and Functional Genomics","volume":"2025 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/ijog/6175946","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143835862","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In Vitro Culture of Aegle marmelos Against Media Composition Stress: Molecular Identification, Media, and Enzyme Optimization for Higher Growth Yields","authors":"Magdy I. Bahnasy,&nbsp;Ashraf B. Abdel Razik,&nbsp;Mohamed F. Ahmed,&nbsp;Mohamed A. Nasser,&nbsp;Getachew Tekle Mekiso,&nbsp;Eman Z. Ahmed,&nbsp;Eman T. Hussien","doi":"10.1155/ijog/4630425","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/ijog/4630425","url":null,"abstract":"<p><i>Aegle marmelos</i>, known for its spiky appearance, is a versatile tree found worldwide. In the Indian medical tradition, this therapeutic tree is utilized to treat various ailments. It is commonly propagated through seeds, although they have a limited lifespan and are susceptible to insect damage. Due to the variability of seed offspring, standardized varieties are not readily available. Molecular identification was performed for the plant species to be as a fingerprint identification based on genomic basic. Hence, this study manipulated the in vitro multiplication for enhancing <i>Aegle marmelos</i> traits through variation in media type and composition. In phase one of the experiment, successful micropropagation has been easily achieved with shoot tip culture on two growth in vitro media: Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium and woody plant medium (WPM) with different concentrations (one-fourth, one-half, three-fourths, and full power media) with two sucrose concentration 20 and 30 g/L. The growth parameters measured indicated a heightened response to both MS and WPM media, each with its distinct composition. The genetic variation via intersimple sequence repeat (ISSR) molecular marker in the first phase was 35.5%. In phase two, the hormonal treatment was applied for the best media choice from Phase 1. During the second phase of multiplication and rooting stages with phytohormones, the optimal treatments were chosen to maximize yields. In the multiplication stage, the most favorable conditions, as determined by morphological parameters, were achieved with full MS medium supplemented with 30 g sucrose, 0.1 mg/L Kin, and 0.75 mg/L BAP. In contrast, for the rooting stage, the optimal treatment consisted of one-fourth MS medium supplemented with 15 g sucrose, 0.5 mg/L Kin, 0.1 g/L activated charcoal, and 15 mg/L IBA. Physiological parameters exhibited variability, with each metabolite displaying distinct optimal conditions. Catalase plays a crucial role in decomposing hydrogen peroxide to protect cells, tissues, and organs. This research effectively enhanced the in vitro micropropagation of <i>Aegle marmelos</i> by determining the most efficacious medium formulations and hormonal treatments for shoot multiplication and roots, while also illustrating the influence of WPM on catalase enzyme activity enhancement.</p>","PeriodicalId":55239,"journal":{"name":"Comparative and Functional Genomics","volume":"2025 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/ijog/4630425","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143831109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Proline Tagging for Stress Tolerance in Plants","authors":"Naveed Ul Mushtaq,&nbsp;Seerat Saleem,&nbsp;Aadil Rasool,&nbsp;Wasifa Hafiz Shah,&nbsp;Inayatullah Tahir,&nbsp;Chandra Shekhar Seth,&nbsp;Reiaz Ul Rehman","doi":"10.1155/ijog/9348557","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/ijog/9348557","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In environments with high levels of stress conditions, plants accumulate various metabolic products under stress conditions. Among these products, amino acids have a cardinal role in supporting and maintaining plant developmental processes. The increase in proline content and stress tolerance in plants has been found optimistic, suggesting the importance of proline in mitigating stress through osmotic adjustments. Exogenous application and pretreatment of plants with proline increase growth and development under various stressful conditions, but excessive proline has negative influence on growth. Proline has two biosynthetic routes: glutamate or the ornithine pathway, and whether plants synthesize proline by glutamate or ornithine precursors is still debatable as relatively little is known about it. Plants have the innate machinery to synthesize proline from both pathways, but the switch of a particular pathway under which it can be activated and deactivated depends upon various factors. Therefore, in this review, we elucidate the importance of proline in stress mitigation; the optimal amount of proline required for maximum benefit; levels at which it inhibits the growth, conditions, and factors that regulate proline biosynthesis; and lastly, how we can benefit from all these answers to obtain better stress tolerance in plants.</p>","PeriodicalId":55239,"journal":{"name":"Comparative and Functional Genomics","volume":"2025 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/ijog/9348557","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143749321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Machine Learning and Weighted Gene Coexpression Network–Based Identification of Biomarkers Predicting Immune Profiling and Drug Resistance in Lung Adenocarcinoma","authors":"Tian Zhang,&nbsp;Han Zhou","doi":"10.1155/ijog/9923294","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/ijog/9923294","url":null,"abstract":"<p><b>Background:</b> The prognosis for lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is poor, and the recurrence rate is high. Thus, to evaluate patients’ prognoses and direct therapy choices, new prognostic markers are desperately needed.</p><p><b>Methods:</b> First, gene modules associated with LUAD were identified by weighted gene coexpression network analysis (WGCNA) analysis. The expression profiles obtained were intersected with the differential expressed genes taken between LUAD samples and paracancerous samples. Afterward, stepwise regression analysis and the LASSO were used to compress the genes further, and a risk model was created. Furthermore, a nomogram based on risk scores and clinical features was created to validate the model. After that, the distinctions between the pertinent biological processes and signaling pathways among the various subgroups were investigated. Additionally, drug sensitivity testing, immunotherapy, immune infiltration analysis, and enrichment analysis were carried out. Finally, the biological role of <i>ANLN</i> in LUAD was explored by qPCR, cell scratch assay, and transwell.</p><p><b>Results:</b> A total of 257 intersected genes were obtained by taking the intersection of the differential genes between 2866 LUAD samples and paraneoplastic samples with the module genes after we screened two particular modules that had the strongest link with LUAD by WGCNA. <i>ANLN</i>, <i>CASS4</i>, and <i>NMUR1</i> were found to be distinctive genes for the development of risk models after the intersecting genes were screened to find 176 genes linked to the prognosis for LUAD. Based on risk assessments, high- and low-risk groups of LUAD patients were divided. Low-risk patients exhibited a significantly higher overall survival (OS) than those in the high-risk group. Expression of model genes correlates with infiltration of the vast majority of immune cells. Significant differences in the biological pathways, immune microenvironment, and abundance of immune cell infiltration were found between the two groups. The drug sensitivity study showed that patients in the high-risk group had higher IC₅₀ values for BMS-754807_2171 and Doramapimod_10424. Finally, in vitro experiments demonstrated that knocking down <i>ANLN</i> noticeably inhibited the viability, migration, and invasion of A549 cells.</p><p><b>Conclusion:</b> This study may provide a theoretical reference for future exploration of potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for LUAD.</p>","PeriodicalId":55239,"journal":{"name":"Comparative and Functional Genomics","volume":"2025 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/ijog/9923294","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143689323","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}