Dendrobiology最新文献

{"title":"Increasing growth sensitivity of Pinus wallichiana to summer season maximum temperature – evidence from central Bhutan Himalaya","authors":"Chungdu Tshering, Lamginsang Thomte, D. Dukpa, Santosh K. Shah","doi":"10.12657/denbio.091.010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12657/denbio.091.010","url":null,"abstract":"The impacts of global warming are pervasive across different forest biomes and are most pro­nounced in high mountain ecosystems such as the Himalayas. This study examines the growth response of Blue pine (Pinus wallichiana) to climate from Bumthang district in the central Bhutan Himalaya. Tree radial growth parameters (ring width index and basal area increment) were correlated with monthly and daily climate. Temporal changes in significant climate response were assessed using running correlations. Irrespective of tree growth parameters or temporal resolution of climatic variables, growth-climate re­sponse revealed maximum temperature during summer as the most significant climatic factor regulating the growth of P. wallichiana in central Bhutan. The strength and stability of the climate response improved when using daily climate, which is not restricted by non-biological calendar months. Around the turn of the 21st century, we observed a rapid rise in radial growth. Over the last ~30 years, blue pine from central Bhutan has benefited from warming summer season maximum temperatures. This study highlights the importance of considering daily climate variables for more accurate assessments of tree growth responses to climate. These findings have significant implications for understanding the impact of climate change on forests in the Himalayan region.","PeriodicalId":55182,"journal":{"name":"Dendrobiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141356518","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reproductive biology of Capparis decidua (Kair): A potential underutilized multipurpose plant of arid and semi arid region","authors":"NV Saresh, Pradhan Piyush, Kumar Dileep, A. Godara, Manoj Kumar Yadav, Parveen Dhanger","doi":"10.12657/denbio.091.009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12657/denbio.091.009","url":null,"abstract":"Foliation and flowering of Capparis decidua occurs three times a year i.e. from January to November months. Flowers are bracteate, pedicellate, complete, hermaphrodite, zygomorphic, hypogynous with slender pedicel, usually light red, scarlet red and yellow in colour. Anthesis was maximum between 4.00 p.m. to 8.00 PM and 6.00 to 10.00 AM. Pollen grains are prolate, tricolporate, trilobed, with costae, colpal membrane sparsely granulated. Anther dehiscence takes place after 20–30 minutes of anthesis at 6.00 to 8.00 PM by the time the flowers starts antehsizing, the anthers are almost mature. The viability of pollen grains ranges from 38–52%, and starts decreasing in the stored pollen. The percentage fruit set decreases with the collection time of the pollen grains and plant type. According to visual observation stigmatic surface change in the appearance i.e. green coloured stigma was considered receptive while dull and brown was accounted non-receptive. Pollen germination in-vivo showed 80 per cent stigma receptive and 90 percent of fruit set in the flowers pollinated on the time of anthesis. Pollen grains per anther were ranging from 331–369, fully developed and mature anthers differing significantly among the plant types. The mean number of pollen grains per ovule was 4309 thus the pollen-ovule ratio was 431:1. There is 17–23% fruit set observed under self pollination (autogamy and geitonogamy) and 52–72% as a result of cross pollination. The cross pollinated nature of C. decidua is due to entomophilic nature of flowers, insect visitors which play the main role of pollination are from Apidae and Papilionidae.","PeriodicalId":55182,"journal":{"name":"Dendrobiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140973165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ecosystem services provided by urban woody plants in the context of spatial relations: Çankırı case area","authors":"B. Tülek, Derya Sarı, Pelin Şahin Körmeçli","doi":"10.12657/denbio.091.008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12657/denbio.091.008","url":null,"abstract":"Ecosystem services (ES), which are defined as the benefits provided by humans from ecosystems, provide recreation opportunities for urban people with green areas in the cities, while supporting biodiversity on the other hand. This research seeks to answer the following 3 questions: (1) Can the contribution of plants used in urban parks to urban ES be measured? (2) Are the location and characteristics of the areas where plants are placed in urban parks a factor in providing ES? (3) Which ES stands out in the network of relationships established by the ES provided by plants in urban green spaces? Within the scope of these questions, ES provided by woody plants in Çankırı urban park, which is an essential green area for Çankırı/Türkiye, were examined. In the light of the examinations on-site, the presence of 49 woody plant taxa was determined. The contribution of plant taxa to the ecosystem has been assessed within the framework of 13 sub-parameters related to provisioning, supporting, regulating and cultural services. Hot spot analysis and hierarchical cluster analysis methods were used to determine the ES and spatial distribution of taxa within the park. Subsequently, a centrality analysis was carried out in the Graph Commons program using the network mapping method to determine the importance of ES provided by plants. As a result of the study, it was revealed that the woody plants used in Çankırı urban park contribute highly to the urban ecosystem in terms of pollination, erosion control, recreation and education, soil and air quality improvement and habitat provision. However, the spatial distribution of taxa was not balanced. Therefore, a balanced spatial distribution of woody plant taxa, which make a valuable contribution to ES, in urban green spaces is an issue that should be considered in urban ES planning.","PeriodicalId":55182,"journal":{"name":"Dendrobiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140973203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Considering the composite tree attributes extracted by UAV can improve the accuracy of street tree species classification","authors":"Hongying Tang, Fan Miao, Jie Yang, Bingyu Wu, Qi Zhang, Hongke Hao","doi":"10.12657/denbio.091.007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12657/denbio.091.007","url":null,"abstract":"Identifying simple tree attributes of street trees, i.e., tree height, crown width and crown height obtained by unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV), plays a significant role in urban management to maximize the ecological benefits of street trees. However, simple attributes usually fluctuate over a wide range due to differences in tree-age and growing environment, leading to inconspicuous interspecific features and low classification accuracy. Composite attributes, expressed by two or more simple attributes, can be used to reduce the variability in simple tree attributes, thus providing an alternative to improve the accuracy of street tree classification. In this study, we examined the classification effects of simple attributes and simple-composite attribute combinations by back propagation (BP) neural network, K-nearest neighbor (KNN) and support vector machine (SVM). The results showed that (1) the values obtained by UAVs and observations were highly consistent and R2 values for tree height, east-west crown width, north-south crown width and crown height were 0.90, 0.87, 0.78 and 0.76, respectively. The relative errors of tree height were the most stable among different tree species, followed by the crown height, east-west crown width and north-south crown width. (2) Compared to simple attributes, composite attributes displayed significant differences among street tree species, and these differences were helpful for identifying street tree species that could not be identified with simple attributes. (3) The accuracy of tree species identification after including corresponding composite attributes can be improved by 29.7% (kappa coefficient improved by 0.34) compared with only using simple attributes. The results suggested that consideration of composite attributes in street tree species classification reduced the mistakes for identifying tree species, thus providing a new approach for identifying street tree species and managing street trees efficiently.","PeriodicalId":55182,"journal":{"name":"Dendrobiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141009812","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phenological patterns from two sympatric subspecies of the palm Geonoma cuneata (H. Wendl. ex Spruce) and their gall inductor Contarinia geonomae (Gagné)","authors":"J. Ley-López, Cristian Miranda Alvarado, Emmanuel Rojas Valerio, M. Wawrzyniak, Paweł Chmielarz","doi":"10.12657/denbio.091.006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12657/denbio.091.006","url":null,"abstract":"Geonoma cuneata is a variable species with eight subspecies and one of two palms worldwide with a gall record. In this species, staggered flowering has been suggested as a possible mechanism to explain its reproductive isolation from sympatric subspecies. In this study, we examined the phenology of two G. cunea­ta subspecies and their gall inductor, Contarinia geonomae, in the Caribbean lowlands of Costa Rica. For 207 consecutive weeks, we monitored the phenology of 79 G. cuneata individuals and recorded the outcomes of 434 inflorescences in terms of abortions, fruit, and gall success. We analyzed phenological patterns, checked for seasonality and synchrony, and evaluated the effects of precipitation and temperature on each phenophase. The reproductive outcomes of the two subspecies were compared in terms of abortions of the inflorescences and the development of fruits or galls in the infructescences. Both subspecies were mainly seasonal and showed a clear overlap in all phenophases during the four years of study. However, seasonality and synchrony were very well marked in G. cuneata subsp. cuneata whereas G. cuneata subsp. procumbens was characterized by lower synchrony and higher abortion rates. Emergent inflorescences were influenced by average temperature, while flowering was influenced by monthly rainfall and average temperature. More­over, the peak flowering occurred just after the end of the dry season, whereas ripe fruits peaked at the end of the rainy period. Ripe fruits showed higher levels of synchrony and were the only phenophase in which the mean date did not differ among subspecies. This was partly explained by the higher number of abortions and lower fruiting success of individuals flowering outside the peak period. Instead, such indi­viduals are more likely to have infructescences with galls and higher loads. Flowering convergence did not support phenology as a mechanism of reproductive isolation. However, an extended combination of time from flowering to fruiting in both subspecies benefits the gall inductor by providing an extended period of oviposition and adult emergence.","PeriodicalId":55182,"journal":{"name":"Dendrobiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140694135","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Elevation-dependent growth trends of Picea orientalis (L.) Peterm forests in the Fırtına Creek Basin (Rize/Turkey)","authors":"Fatih Işık, Muhammet Bahadır, H. Zeybek, İlter Kutlu Hatipoğlu","doi":"10.12657/denbio.091.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12657/denbio.091.005","url":null,"abstract":"Changes in climatic conditions have ecological and economic consequences or impact for trees and forest stands. In this respect, it is crucial to understand the radial growth trends of trees, their ecological response across elevation gradients, and the possible impacts of climate change on the species. In this study, Picea orientalis (L.) Peterm, located in the Fırtına Creek Basin in the northern part of the Eastern Black Sea Mountains in northeastern Turkey, was investigated along different elevation gradients in the context of climate-growth response. In the study, six site chronologies along an elevation gradient from 900 m to 2050 m were developed. Dendroclimatological methods were applied to assess the elevation-dependent radial growth characteristics of trees. In total, 200 increment cores were collected from 98 living trees. The relationships between climate and tree ring growth along the elevation gradient showed a positive relationship between growth and temperature at upper elevations (1700–1900 m) and a positive relationship between growth and precipitation at middle elevations (1400–1600 m). In particular, January–April mean temperatures and May rainfall were positively correlated with tree-ring growth. At lower elevations (900–1100 m), the correlation coefficients between climate and growth are insignificant because, at these altitudes, the species have optimum ecological conditions. It was also found that mean temperatures between 0 °C and 2 °C in January–April and total precipitation between 60 and 100 mm in January–February positively affect tree growth. However, if these thresholds are exceeded, it is possible that growth may be adversely affected. This research underscores the complex interplay between climate variables and tree growth along elevation gradients, highlighting the need for adaptive management strategies in the face of changing climatic conditions.","PeriodicalId":55182,"journal":{"name":"Dendrobiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140371615","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification and analysis of the SAURs in Prunus sibirica","authors":"Xiaoyun Yan, Ru Yi, W. Bao, Sa Rula, Yu-e Bai, Junxing Chen, Yue Lin, Haicuang Huang, Daorentuya Han, Yanhong He","doi":"10.12657/denbio.091.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12657/denbio.091.004","url":null,"abstract":"In the present study, we identified the members of the small auxin-up RNA (SAUR) gene family in Prunus sibirica and analyzed their localization, phylogeny, duplication, cis-elements in the promoter, and expression patterns. In total, 57 PsSAURs were identified, which were randomly distributed along eight chromosomes. Among them, eight and ten pairs of segmentally duplicated genes and tandem duplication genes were found in 13 and 21 PsSAURs, respectively. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that the PsSAURs were divided into five groups (Group A–E). Light-responsive, methyl jasmonate, abscisic acid, salicylic acid, and gibberellin, as well as low-temperature responsiveness, and defense and stress responsiveness were identified by analyzing PsSAURs promoter sequences. The collinearity analysis of P. sibirica SAURs and Prunus mume and Prunus persica SAURs family genes detected 35 and 59 pairs of gene pairs, respectively, and the Ks values of all collinearity gene pairs were almost less than 1. Expression pattern analysis showed that PsSAURs had different tissue and stage expression patterns. However, research on SAURs in non-model plants remains limited, and studies on the expression and function of SAURs are lacking. This study pro­vides a foundation for further investigations into the functional analyses of SAURs in P. sibirica.","PeriodicalId":55182,"journal":{"name":"Dendrobiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140237568","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biotic and abiotic factors influencing macrofungal diversity and biomass in Mediterranean forests with a focus on the Porcini group","authors":"Elia Ambrosio, M. Pietras, A. Feest","doi":"10.12657/denbio.091.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12657/denbio.091.002","url":null,"abstract":"Macrofungi are among the most crucial ecological forest resources and essential components of terrestrial ecosystems. Despite growing socio-economic interest, knowledge of their production is not understood because of many factors that can affect their natural growth. The aim of this study is to analyze which biotic and abiotic factors can influence the diversity and biomass of macrofungal fruiting bodies, at small and large scales. We worked in broadleaf Mediterranean forests, with a special focus on wild edible species (Porcini). The mycological observations were focused on epigeous macrofungi. To investigate con­nections between the occurrence of Boletus edulis species distribution modeling was used. Contrary to previ­ous studies, the results reveal that, at a small (local) scale, the soil properties and the geochemical content (traces and minor elements) are more strongly correlated with macrofungal communities than vegetation (tree richness, dead wood, and litter volume) and climatic parameters (air temperatures and rainfall). At large scale, both edaphic and climatic factors, are considered essential for fungal fruiting and distribution across landscapes. The quantity of precipitation of the driest month is the crucial climatic factor influenc­ing the occurrence of Porcini. The different results highlight a high variability and site dependence of both biotic and abiotic factors. Further studies appear to be necessary to increase knowledge on which factors have the most influence on edible and non-edible mushroom yield in various habitats.","PeriodicalId":55182,"journal":{"name":"Dendrobiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139960932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Seed mass and seed resources – testing the defense trade-off hypothesis in woody plants","authors":"Łukasz Dylewski, Dawid Adamczyk, R. Żytkowiak, A. Jagodziński","doi":"10.12657/denbio.091.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12657/denbio.091.003","url":null,"abstract":"Physical and chemical defenses of seeds are essential for plant survival and reproduction. By protecting their seeds from herbivores and other threats, plants can ensure that their offspring have a bet­ter chance of surviving and growing into adult plants. Plant seed-size variation can affect their ability to allocate defense resources and nutrients. Smaller seeds tend to contain fewer resources and are likely to be more constrained in resource allocation to defense or to nutrient supply for the germinating seedling than larger seeds. In this study, we hypothesized that (1) the trade-off between physical and chemical defenses and reserve materials (in this study TNC content) in seeds is related to the allocation of those resources to seeds, 2) the direction of allocation of these resources is mediated by seed size. Based on seeds of 77 woody plant species collected in the Kórnik Arboretum located in western Poland, we measured several physical and chemical seed traits: seed mass, total phenols, tannin content, crude fiber, lignin content, and total non-structural carbohydrates. We revealed that chemical defense (phenol content) and total non-structural carbohydrates increased with seed mass, whereas physical defense (fiber content) had the opposite effect. We found that the trade-off between physical and chemical defense in plants was often mediated by seed size.","PeriodicalId":55182,"journal":{"name":"Dendrobiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139774731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Seed mass and seed resources – testing the defense trade-off hypothesis in woody plants","authors":"Łukasz Dylewski, Dawid Adamczyk, R. Żytkowiak, A. Jagodziński","doi":"10.12657/denbio.091.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12657/denbio.091.003","url":null,"abstract":"Physical and chemical defenses of seeds are essential for plant survival and reproduction. By protecting their seeds from herbivores and other threats, plants can ensure that their offspring have a bet­ter chance of surviving and growing into adult plants. Plant seed-size variation can affect their ability to allocate defense resources and nutrients. Smaller seeds tend to contain fewer resources and are likely to be more constrained in resource allocation to defense or to nutrient supply for the germinating seedling than larger seeds. In this study, we hypothesized that (1) the trade-off between physical and chemical defenses and reserve materials (in this study TNC content) in seeds is related to the allocation of those resources to seeds, 2) the direction of allocation of these resources is mediated by seed size. Based on seeds of 77 woody plant species collected in the Kórnik Arboretum located in western Poland, we measured several physical and chemical seed traits: seed mass, total phenols, tannin content, crude fiber, lignin content, and total non-structural carbohydrates. We revealed that chemical defense (phenol content) and total non-structural carbohydrates increased with seed mass, whereas physical defense (fiber content) had the opposite effect. We found that the trade-off between physical and chemical defense in plants was often mediated by seed size.","PeriodicalId":55182,"journal":{"name":"Dendrobiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2024-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139834345","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}