Fossil Record最新文献

{"title":"Stratigraphic significance of carbon isotope variations in the shallow-marine Seis/Siusi Permian–Triassic boundary section (Southern Alps, Italy)","authors":"Sonja H. Kraus,&nbsp;Susann Siegert,&nbsp;Wolfgang Mette,&nbsp;Ulrich Struck,&nbsp;Christoph Korte","doi":"10.1002/mmng.200900007","DOIUrl":"10.1002/mmng.200900007","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Carbonate carbon-isotope values from the Permian–Triassic (P–T) boundary section at Seis/Siusi (Southern Alps, Italy) show a trend similar to that in numerous other P–T boundary sections worldwide. Values decrease from 3.2 ‰ (V-PDB) in the upper <i>Bellerophon</i> Limestone Formation (Late Permian) to a minimum of –1.7 ‰ in the lower Mazzin Member. This minimum may represent the P–T boundary. The overall declining carbon-isotope trend is interrupted by a ca. 1 ‰ positive excursion in the higher Tesero Oolite Horizon. This positive peak is located at a higher lithostratigraphic level than a comparable peak in the adjacent Pufels section, which suggests that the Tesero Oolite Horizon in the Seis section is stratigraphically slightly older than in the Pufels section, and this is also suggested by palaeomagnetic correlation. It is therefore concluded that the base of the Tesero Oolite Horizon does not reflect a synchronous “current event” but is slightly diachronous, a result that was previously shown by biostratigraphic correlation. Nevertheless, this suggestion should be verified by further detailed litho-, magneto- and chemostratigraphic analysis of other P–T sections in the Southern Alps. (© 2009 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH &amp; Co. KGaA, Weinheim)</p>","PeriodicalId":55147,"journal":{"name":"Fossil Record","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2009-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/mmng.200900007","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50863381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Notes on the osteology and phylogenetic affinities of the Oligocene Diomedeoididae (Aves, Procellariiformes)","authors":"Gerald Mayr","doi":"10.1002/mmng.200900003","DOIUrl":"10.1002/mmng.200900003","url":null,"abstract":"<p>New specimens of the procellariiform taxon Diomedeoididae are reported from the early Oligocene (Rupelian) deposits of Wiesloch-Frauenweiler in southern Germany. Two skeletons belong to <i>Diomedeoides brodkorbi</i>, whereas isolated legs of larger individuals are tentatively assigned to <i>D. lipsiensis</i>, a species which has not yet been reported from the locality. The fossils allow the recognition of some previously unknown osteological features of the Diomedeoididae, including the presence of a vestige of the hallux. Diomedeoidids are characterized by extremely wide phalanges of the third and fourth toes, which also occur in some species of the extant procellariiform Oceanitinae (southern storm-petrels). The poorly developed processus supracondylaris dorsalis of the humerus supports a position of these Oligocene tubenoses outside a clade including the Diomedeidae (albatrosses), Procellariidae (shearwaters and allies), and Pelecanoididae (diving-petrels). It is hypothesized that like modern Oceanitinae, which have an equally short supracondylar process, diomedeoidids probably employed flap-gliding and used their immersed feet to remain stationary. (© 2009 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH &amp; Co. KGaA, Weinheim)</p>","PeriodicalId":55147,"journal":{"name":"Fossil Record","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2009-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/mmng.200900003","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50863273","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Late Viséan (Carboniferous) gastropods from the Gara El Itima (eastern Anti-Atlas, Morocco)","authors":"Doris Heidelberger,&nbsp;Dieter Korn,&nbsp;Volker Ebbighausen","doi":"10.1002/mmng.200900006","DOIUrl":"10.1002/mmng.200900006","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Diverse and well-preserved Late Viséan (Early Carboniferous) gastropod faunas from the eastern Anti-Atlas of Morocco are described herein. The new genus <i>Itimaspira</i> n. gen. is described as well as the six new species <i>Ananias weyeri</i> n. sp., <i>Itimaspira klugi</i> n. sp., <i>Nodospira krawczynskii</i> n. sp., <i>Baylea cordulae</i> n. sp., <i>Cinclidonema marocensis</i> n. sp., and <i>Schizostoma africanum</i> n. sp., together with specimens of the genera <i>Baylea</i>, <i>Orthonema</i>, ?<i>Knightella</i> sp. and <i>Macrochilina</i> in open nomenclature. (© 2009 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH &amp; Co. KGaA, Weinheim)</p>","PeriodicalId":55147,"journal":{"name":"Fossil Record","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2009-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/mmng.200900006","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50863342","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Tendaguru Formation (Late Jurassic to Early Cretaceous, southern Tanzania): definition, palaeoenvironments, and sequence stratigraphy","authors":"Robert Bussert,&nbsp;Wolf-Dieter Heinrich,&nbsp;Martin Aberhan","doi":"10.1002/mmng.200900004","DOIUrl":"10.1002/mmng.200900004","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The well-known Late Jurassic to Early Cretaceous Tendaguru Beds of southern Tanzania have yielded fossil plant remains, invertebrates and vertebrates, notably dinosaurs, of exceptional scientific importance. Based on data of the German-Tanzanian Tendaguru Expedition 2000 and previous studies, and in accordance with the international stratigraphic guide, we raise the Tendaguru Beds to formational rank and recognise six members (from bottom to top): Lower Dinosaur Member, <i>Nerinella</i> Member, Middle Dinosaur Member, <i>Indotrigonia africana</i> Member, Upper Dinosaur Member, and <i>Rutitrigonia bornhardti-schwarzi</i> Member. We characterise and discuss each member in detail in terms of derivation of name, definition of a type section, distribution, thickness, lithofacies, boundaries, palaeontology, and age. The age of the whole formation apparently ranges at least from the middle Oxfordian to the Valanginian through Hauterivian or possibly Aptian. The Tendaguru Formation constitutes a cyclic sedimentary succession, consisting of three marginal marine, sandstone-dominated depositional units and three predominantly coastal to tidal plain, fine-grained depositional units with dinosaur remains. It represents four third-order sequences, which are composed of transgressive and highstand systems tracts. Sequence boundaries are represented by transgressive ravinement surfaces and maximum flooding surfaces. In a more simple way, the depositional sequences can be subdivided into transgressive and regressive sequences/systems tracts. Whereas the transgressive systems tracts are mainly represented by shallow marine shoreface, tidal channel and sand bar sandstones, the regressive systems tracts predominantly consist of shallow tidal channel, tidal flat, and marginal lagoonal to supratidal deposits. (© 2009 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH &amp; Co. KGaA, Weinheim)</p>","PeriodicalId":55147,"journal":{"name":"Fossil Record","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2009-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/mmng.200900004","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50863313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Taxonomy of Late Jurassic diplodocid sauropods from Tendaguru (Tanzania)","authors":"Kristian Remes","doi":"10.1002/mmng.200800008","DOIUrl":"10.1002/mmng.200800008","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The Late Jurassic (Tithonian) Tendaguru Beds of Tanzania yielded one of the richest sauropod faunas known, including the diplodocines <i>Tornieria africana</i> (Fraas, 1908) and <i>Australodocus bohetii</i> Remes, 2007, the only known representatives of their group on the southern continents. Historically, the holotypes and referred material of both taxa plus dozens of additional specimens had been subsumed under the term “<i>Barosaurus africanus</i> ” (Fraas, 1908). Here, the taxonomic status of the referred elements is reviewed by evaluating the phylogenetic information content of their anatomical characters, in order to provide a firm footing for further studies (e.g. of morphometrics, histology, and phylogeny of the Tendaguru sauropods). Some of the material shows diplodocine synapomorphies and may belong to either <i>Tornieria</i> or <i>Australodocus</i>, while other specimens are diagnostic only on higher taxonomic levels (Diplodocidae, Flagellicaudata, or Diplodocoidea indet.). The isolated limb elements in most cases lack phylogenetically diagnostic characters. Generally, the “<i>Barosaurus africanus</i> ” sample shows a substantial grade of morphological variation, and it cannot be ruled out that there are more flagellicaudatans represented in the Tendaguru material than the diplodocines and dicraeosaurids already known. (© 2009 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH &amp; Co. KGaA, Weinheim)</p>","PeriodicalId":55147,"journal":{"name":"Fossil Record","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2009-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/mmng.200800008","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50862651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preface: Fossil Record 1/2009","authors":"Florian Witzmann,&nbsp;Johannes Müller","doi":"10.1002/mmng.200800005","DOIUrl":"10.1002/mmng.200800005","url":null,"abstract":"Since the mid 1990’s, the field of paleoherpetology in Germany has experienced a remarkable burst in research productivity and importance. In particular, young students were developing a new interest in the study of fossil amphibians and reptiles, paralleling a growing enthusiasm for new analytical tools and methodologies. One of the best signs of this “new movement” was the establishment and subsequent success of the Treffen der deutschsprachigen Pal oherpetologen (“Meeting of German-speaking Paleoherpetologists”), or “Palherp”, which was first held in D sseldorf in 1997 and has since become an institution in the paleontological meeting calendar of Central Europe. Over the years the lists of participants included not only vertebrate paleontologists from the German-speaking realm, but also researchers from all over Europe and as far afield as North America. In addition, the meeting has spread increasingly beyond the borders of paleontology, as indicated by the repeated attendance of comparative zoologists and extant herpetologists. In May 2008 the meeting was held for the 12th consecutive time, and for the first time at the Museum f r Naturkunde, Berlin. As a tribute to this premiere, the increasing success of the meeting and the thriving state of research in paleoherpetology in Germany, we wish to present a special volume of the museum’s own journal, the Fossil Record, which is devoted exclusively to studies of fossil amphibians and reptiles. Distributed over two consecutive issues, the topics of the contributions range from small, newt-like Palaeozoic amphibians to the gigantic sauropod dinosaurs from Tendaguru to a simulated bird gastric mill, reflecting just a portion of the wide diversity of this field. We wish to thank managing editor Dr. Dieter Korn und editor-in-chief Dr. Martin Aberhan, who have been willing to reserve two issues of the Fossil Record for this special volume, and who have been helpful and supportive throughout the process. A great thanks goes also to Ms. Eva Patzschke and Ms. Stefanie Klug for their technical support. Lastly, we wish to thank all the authors, as without their contributions this special volume would not have been possible.","PeriodicalId":55147,"journal":{"name":"Fossil Record","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2009-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/mmng.200800005","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50862594","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Late Jurassic Sunosuchus (Crocodylomorpha, Neosuchia) from the Qigu Formation in the Junggar Basin (Xinjiang, China)","authors":"Rico Schellhorn,&nbsp;Daniela Schwarz-Wings,&nbsp;Michael W. Maisch,&nbsp;Oliver Wings","doi":"10.1002/mmng.200800010","DOIUrl":"10.1002/mmng.200800010","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Various bone fragments of the crocodylomorph <i>Sunosuchus</i> from the Late Jurassic (Oxfordian) Qigu Formation in the southern Junggar Basin (Xinjiang Province/China) can be assigned to a single specimen and comprise the occipital region of the skull, mandibular fragments, and few postcranial elements. The size of the reconstructed skull does not exceed 30 cm in length and 13 cm in width. After comparison with other <i>Sunosuchus</i> species, the generic diagnosis of the genus can be expanded with the character of a lobe-like and unsculptured posterolateral process of the squamosal. The specimen is the first evidence of a crocodylomorph from the Qigu Formation and extends the geographical and stratigraphical range of <i>Sunosuchus</i>. (© 2009 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH &amp; Co. KGaA, Weinheim)</p>","PeriodicalId":55147,"journal":{"name":"Fossil Record","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2009-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/mmng.200800010","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50862708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assembling the history of the Parareptilia: phylogeny, diversification, and a new definition of the clade","authors":"Linda A. Tsuji,&nbsp;Johannes Müller","doi":"10.1002/mmng.200800011","DOIUrl":"10.1002/mmng.200800011","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In the present study, the historical development of Parareptilia as a phylogenetically valid clade is summarized, and for the first time a modern phylogenetic definition of both Parareptilia as well as Eureptilia is presented, which will facilitate the study of problems of early amniote classification. Furthermore, a preliminary study of the rates of diversification in parareptiles is performed on the basis of topological information on species diversity. While acknowledging that the bias of the fossil record also needs to be considered for a more definitive statement on parareptile diversification, our results show that a significant increase in diversification rate could be recorded only among Triassic procolophonoids, making it difficult to interpret evolutionary novelties such as herbivory or impedance-matching hearing as being key innovations that might have driven diversification. (© 2009 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH &amp; Co. KGaA, Weinheim)</p>","PeriodicalId":55147,"journal":{"name":"Fossil Record","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2009-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/mmng.200800011","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50862771","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The largest specimen of Apateon and the life history pathway of neoteny in the Paleozoic temnospondyl family Branchiosauridae","authors":"Nadia B. Fröbisch,&nbsp;Rainer R. Schoch","doi":"10.1002/mmng.200800012","DOIUrl":"10.1002/mmng.200800012","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Two distinct developmental trajectories, metamorphosis and neoteny (the retention of larval somatic features in adult animals), have been reported for the small gill-bearing branchiosaurids of the Late Carboniferous and Early Permian of central Europe. Based on a very large specimen of the species <i>Apateon caducus</i> (Ammon, 1889), anatomical features characteristic for the neotenic phenotype of branchiosaurids are described. Large neotenes lack changes that occur during a short phase of transformation into terrestrial adults (metamorphosis), such as ossification of the braincase and palatoquadrate and intercentra, further ossification of the girdles and formation of muscle attachment scars and processes on the limb bones. They also lack a distinct sculpturing of the dermal skull roofing elements with deep polygonal ridges and grooves. Instead, larval somatic features are retained including ossified branchial denticles indicative of open gill slits and accentuated larval-type sculpturing of the dermal skull roof. Large size, high degree of ossification as compared to the larvae, and the presence of uncinate processes on the ribs clearly demonstrate an adult ontogenetic stage. Neotenes remained in the aquatic environment throughout their life and were most likely not capable of effective terrestrial locomotion. The frequency distribution of the two phenotypes in modern salamander populations and the environmental cues that influence the development of them provide a comparative framework for the discussion of the evolution of the two life history pathways in branchiosaurids. (© 2009 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH &amp; Co. KGaA, Weinheim)</p>","PeriodicalId":55147,"journal":{"name":"Fossil Record","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2009-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/mmng.200800012","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50862780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The late Pleistocene horned crocodile Voay robustus (Grandidier & Vaillant, 1872) from Madagascar in the Museum für Naturkunde Berlin","authors":"Constanze Bickelmann,&nbsp;Nicole Klein","doi":"10.1002/mmng.200800007","DOIUrl":"10.1002/mmng.200800007","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Crocodylian material from late Pleistocene localities around Antsirabe, Madagascar, stored in the collection of the Museum für Naturkunde, Berlin, was surveyed. Several skeletal elements, including skull bones, vertebrae, ribs, osteoderms, and limb bones from at least three large individuals could be unambiguously assigned to the genus <i>Voay</i> Brochu, 2007. Furthermore, the simultaneous occurrence of <i>Voay robustus</i> Grandidier &amp; Vaillant, 1872 and <i>Crocodylus niloticus</i> Laurenti, 1768 in Madagascar is discussed. <i>Voay robustus</i> and <i>Crocodylus niloticus</i> are systematically separate but similar in stature and size, which would make them direct rivals for ecological resources. Our hypothesis on the extinction of the species <i>Voay</i>, which was endemic to Madagascar, suggests that <i>C. niloticus</i> invaded Madagascar only after <i>V. robustus</i> became extinct. (© 2009 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH &amp; Co. KGaA, Weinheim)</p>","PeriodicalId":55147,"journal":{"name":"Fossil Record","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2009-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/mmng.200800007","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50862638","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}