{"title":"Diagnosis-based risk adjustment for medicare prescription drug plan payments.","authors":"John Robst, Jesse M Levy, Melvin J Ingber","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The 2003 Medicare Prescription Drug, Improvement, and Modernization Act (MMA) created Medicare Part D, a voluntary prescription drug benefit program. The benefit is a government subsidized prescription drug benefit within Medicare. This article focuses on the development of the prescription drug risk-adjustment model used to adjust payments to reflect the health status of plan enrollees.</p>","PeriodicalId":55071,"journal":{"name":"Health Care Financing Review","volume":"28 4","pages":"15-30"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4195001/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"26909048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Theresa I Shireman, Jean P Hall, Sally K Rigler, Janice M Moore
{"title":"Medicaid's expenditures for newer pharmacotherapies for adults with disabilities.","authors":"Theresa I Shireman, Jean P Hall, Sally K Rigler, Janice M Moore","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Medicaid's drug expenditures have grown at double-digit inflation rates since 2000. These prescription drug costs are important contributors to increasing health care costs for disabled persons. In spite of this knowledge, little has been reported about specific patterns of medication use among disabled enrollees. We analyzed Kansas Medicaid data to describe trends in medication use patterns across 3 years among disabled beneficiaries. The marked shifts toward newer medications and disproportionate contributions of newer, more expensive medications to overall prescription costs for antipsychotics, antidepressants, anticonvulsants, antiulcer medications, anti-inflammatory agents, and opioids have implications for both policy and practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":55071,"journal":{"name":"Health Care Financing Review","volume":"28 4","pages":"31-41"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4194999/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"26909049","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Health Care Quality Reporting: Changes and Challenges.","authors":"David J Miranda","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":55071,"journal":{"name":"Health Care Financing Review","volume":"28 3","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4194993/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"32793466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jerry Cromwell, Edward M Drozd, Kevin Smith, Michael Trisolini
{"title":"Financial gains and risks in pay-for-performance bonus algorithms.","authors":"Jerry Cromwell, Edward M Drozd, Kevin Smith, Michael Trisolini","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Considerable attention has been given to evidence-based process indicators associated with quality of care, while much less attention has been given to the structure and key parameters of the various pay-for-performance (P4P) bonus and penalty arrangements using such measures. In this article we develop a general model of quality payment arrangements and discuss the advantages and disadvantages of the key parameters. We then conduct simulation analyses of four general P4P payment algorithms by varying seven parameters, including indicator weights, indicator intercorrelation, degree of uncertainty regarding intervention effectiveness, and initial baseline rates. Bonuses averaged over several indicators appear insensitive to weighting, correlation, and the number of indicators. The bonuses are sensitive to disease manager perceptions of intervention effectiveness, facing challenging targets, and the use of actual-to-target quality levels versus rates of improvement over baseline.</p>","PeriodicalId":55071,"journal":{"name":"Health Care Financing Review","volume":"29 1","pages":"5-14"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4195014/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"27532266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Margaret Gerteis, Jessie S Gerteis, David Newman, Christopher Koepke
{"title":"Testing consumers' comprehension of quality measures using alternative reporting formats.","authors":"Margaret Gerteis, Jessie S Gerteis, David Newman, Christopher Koepke","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>CMS has publicly reported nursing home quality measures since 2002, but research has shown that many users do not understand them. Alternative visual displays may improve comprehension. We developed seven reporting templates in different formats, including bar graphs like those displayed on the CMS Nursing Home Compare Web site www.medicare.gov, and tested them with 90 individuals age 45-75, using structured protocols. Tests of significance were conducted, and statistically significant findings identified. Fewer than one-half the respondents accurately interpreted bar graphs as currently displayed on the Nursing Home Compare Web site. Respondents made fewest errors on templates using words to characterize performance as better, average, or worse.</p>","PeriodicalId":55071,"journal":{"name":"Health Care Financing Review","volume":"28 3","pages":"31-45"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4194990/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"26841976","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Pioneering pay-for-quality: lessons from the rewarding results demonstrations.","authors":"Gary J Young, James F Burgess, Bert White","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This article reports six overarching lessons learned from seven pioneering initiatives in the pay-for-quality (P4Q) movement. These lessons relate to the specific design and implementation challenges sponsors of P4Q programs can expect. The lessons are: (1) P4Q can prioritize providers' quality goals, (2) provider engagement is difficult, (3) P4Q escalates concerns for data accuracy and validity, (4) P4Q increases the need for population-based information technology and infrastructure, (5) tradeoffs exist between stimulating investment in quality infrastructure and diluting the power of incentives for individuals, and (6) significant challenges exist in documenting a positive return on investment.</p>","PeriodicalId":55071,"journal":{"name":"Health Care Financing Review","volume":"29 1","pages":"59-70"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4195013/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"27531605","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Disabled Medicare beneficiaries by dual eligible status: California, 1996-2001.","authors":"June E O'Leary, Elizabeth M Sloss, Glenn Melnick","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This highlight describes the characteristics and inpatient utilization of under age 65 disabled California Medicare beneficiaries by dual eligible status (i.e., Medicaid State buy-in coverage or not). More disabled dually eligible beneficiaries are younger, non-White, and in fee-for-service (FFS) than non-dually eligible beneficiaries. Disabled dually eligible beneficiaries experienced consistently higher hospitalization rates and average length of stay (LOS) than nondually eligible beneficiaries from 1996 to 2001. Inpatient days remain higher among dually eligible beneficiaries when stratified by the system of care, age, sex, or race. In addition, the hospitalization rate of disabled dually eligible beneficiaries was higher for most diagnoses, but how much higher varied by condition.</p>","PeriodicalId":55071,"journal":{"name":"Health Care Financing Review","volume":"28 4","pages":"57-67"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4194998/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"26909051","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Medicare beneficiary knowledge of and experience with prescription drug cards.","authors":"Noemi V Rudolph, Sunyna S Williams","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Medicare beneficiaries used prescription drug discount cards, both Medicare and non-Medicare cards, to assist them in paying for the cost of prescription drugs. This article describes the beneficiary's awareness and understanding, sources of information, and experience with drug discount cards a year prior and during the implementation of the Medicare-Approved Prescription Drug Discount Card program. Also, it explores beneficiary characteristics that contribute to card ownership and knowledge about drug discount cards. Understanding these experiences and factors can inform future outreach and education campaigns for the Medicare Drug Coverage program.</p>","PeriodicalId":55071,"journal":{"name":"Health Care Financing Review","volume":"29 1","pages":"87-101"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4195006/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"27531607","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Emerging issues of pay-for-performance in health care.","authors":"Frederick G Thomas, Todd Caldis","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":55071,"journal":{"name":"Health Care Financing Review","volume":"29 1","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4195010/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"27532265","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}