IEEE Communications Surveys and Tutorials最新文献

{"title":"A Survey of mmWave-Based Human Sensing: Technology, Platforms and Applications","authors":"Jia Zhang;Rui Xi;Yuan He;Yimiao Sun;Xiuzhen Guo;Weiguo Wang;Xin Na;Yunhao Liu;Zhenguo Shi;Tao Gu","doi":"10.1109/COMST.2023.3298300","DOIUrl":"10.1109/COMST.2023.3298300","url":null,"abstract":"With the rapid development of the Internet of Things (IoT) and the rise of 5G communication networks and automatic driving, millimeter wave (mmWave) sensing is emerging and starts impacting our life and workspace. mmWave sensing can sense humans and objects in a contactless way, providing fine-grained sensing ability. In the past few years, many mmWave sensing techniques have been proposed and applied in various human sensing applications (e.g., human localization, gesture recognition, and vital monitoring). We discover the need of a comprehensive survey to summarize the technology, platforms and applications of mmWave-based human sensing. In this survey, we first present the mmWave hardware platforms and some key techniques of mmWave sensing. We then provide a comprehensive review of existing mmWave-based human sensing works. Specifically, we divide existing works into four categories according to the sensing granularity: human tracking and localization, motion recognition, biometric measurement and human imaging. Finally, we discuss the potential research challenges and present future directions in this area.","PeriodicalId":55029,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Communications Surveys and Tutorials","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":35.6,"publicationDate":"2023-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74285299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Survey on Digital Twin for Industrial Internet of Things: Applications, Technologies and Tools","authors":"Hansong Xu;Jun Wu;Qianqian Pan;Xinping Guan;Mohsen Guizani","doi":"10.1109/COMST.2023.3297395","DOIUrl":"10.1109/COMST.2023.3297395","url":null,"abstract":"Digital twin for the industrial Internet of Things (DT-IIoT) creates a high-fidelity, fine-grained, low-cost digital replica of the cyber-physical integrated Internet for industry. Powered by artificial intelligence (AI) and security technologies, DT-IIoT provides advanced features such as real-time monitoring, predictive maintenance, remote diagnostics, and rapid response for smart IIoT systems. A systematic review of key enabling technologies such as digital twin, AI, and blockchain is essential to develop DT-IIoT and reveal pitfalls. This paper reviews the preliminaries, real-world applications, architectures and models of digital twin-driven IIoT. In addition, advanced technologies for intelligent and secure DT-IIoT are investigated, including state-of-the-art AI solutions such as transfer learning and federated learning, as well as blockchain-based security solutions. Moreover, software tools for high-fidelity digital twin modeling are proposed. A case study on reinforcement learning-based integrated-control, communication, and computing (3C) design is developed to demonstrate the AI-driven intelligent DT-IIoT. Finally, this paper outlines the prospective applications, challenges, and integrations with ABCDE (i.e., AI, Blockchain, cloud computing, big data, edge computing) as the future directions.","PeriodicalId":55029,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Communications Surveys and Tutorials","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":35.6,"publicationDate":"2023-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128215864","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Tutorial on the Characterisation and Modelling of Low Layer Functional Splits for Flexible Radio Access Networks in 5G and Beyond","authors":"Jordi Pérez-Romero;Oriol Sallent;Antoni Gelonch;Xavier Gelabert;Bleron Klaiqi;Marcus Kahn;David Campoy","doi":"10.1109/COMST.2023.3296821","DOIUrl":"10.1109/COMST.2023.3296821","url":null,"abstract":"The centralization of baseband (BB) functions in a radio access network (RAN) towards data processing centres is receiving increasing interest as it enables the exploitation of resource pooling and statistical multiplexing gains among multiple cells, facilitates the introduction of collaborative techniques for different functions (e.g., interference coordination), and more efficiently handles the complex requirements of advanced features of the fifth generation (5G) new radio (NR) physical layer, such as the use of massive multiple input multiple output (MIMO). However, deciding the functional split (i.e., which BB functions are kept close to the radio units and which BB functions are centralized) embraces a trade-off between the centralization benefits and the fronthaul costs for carrying data between distributed antennas and data processing centres. Substantial research efforts have been made in standardization fora, research projects and studies to resolve this trade-off, which becomes more complicated when the choice of functional splits is dynamically achieved depending on the current conditions in the RAN. This paper presents a comprehensive tutorial on the characterisation, modelling and assessment of functional splits in a flexible RAN to establish a solid basis for the future development of algorithmic solutions of dynamic functional split optimisation in 5G and beyond systems. First, the paper explores the functional split approaches considered by different industrial fora, analysing their equivalences and differences in terminology. Second, the paper presents a harmonized analysis of the different BB functions at the physical layer and associated algorithmic solutions presented in the literature, assessing both the computational complexity and the associated performance. Based on this analysis, the paper presents a model for assessing the computational requirements and fronthaul bandwidth requirements of different functional splits. Last, the model is used to derive illustrative results that identify the major trade-offs that arise when selecting a functional split and the key elements that impact the requirements.","PeriodicalId":55029,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Communications Surveys and Tutorials","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":35.6,"publicationDate":"2023-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123325910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Survey on Integration of Network Communication into Vehicle Real-Time Motion Control","authors":"Bo Deng;Jinrui Nan;Wanke Cao;Wenwei Wang","doi":"10.1109/COMST.2023.3295384","DOIUrl":"10.1109/COMST.2023.3295384","url":null,"abstract":"In the initial period of automobile development, the vast majority of researchers would never have guessed network communications would be applied to vehicles one day. After the advent of CAN, a tremendous amount of intra-vehicle network communication technologies have sprung up throughout the automobile industry. With the introduction of intelligent driving, inter-vehicle network communication technologies have been subsequently developed to complement intra-vehicle network communication technologies and achieve higher-level functions. However, communication and control seem to be advanced independently for a long time and are less connected in actual development. Thus, to promote the fusion of communication and control, this paper provides a comprehensive survey on vehicle real-time motion control considering the adverse influence of network communications (such as network-induced delay, packet dropout, and network congestion) from three aspects: intra-vehicle, inter-vehicle, and integration of these two. To benefit analysis and study, mainstream intra-vehicle and inter-vehicle network communication technologies are first summarized, also with their network architectures. As research is still emerging, several open issues and future challenges of Control over Communications (CoC) are emphasized for further development to enable intelligent driving in the true sense.","PeriodicalId":55029,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Communications Surveys and Tutorials","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":35.6,"publicationDate":"2023-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130560796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Security and Privacy of IP-ICN Coexistence: A Comprehensive Survey","authors":"Enkeleda Bardhi;Mauro Conti;Riccardo Lazzeretti;Eleonora Losiouk","doi":"10.1109/COMST.2023.3295182","DOIUrl":"10.1109/COMST.2023.3295182","url":null,"abstract":"Today’s Internet is experiencing a massive number of users with a continuously increasing need for data, which is the leading cause of introduced limitations among security and privacy issues. To overcome these limitations, a shift from host-centric to data-centric is proposed, and in this context, Information-Centric Networking (ICN) represents a promising solution. Nevertheless, unsettling the current Internet’s network layer – i.e., Internet Protocol (IP) – with ICN is a challenging, expensive task since it requires worldwide coordination among Internet Service Providers (ISPs), backbone, and Autonomous Services (AS). Therefore, researchers foresee that the replacement process of the current Internet will transition through the coexistence of IP and ICN. In this perspective, novel architectures combine IP and ICN protocols. However, only a few of the proposed architectures place the security-by-design feature. Therefore, this article provides the first comprehensive Security and Privacy (SP) analysis of the state-of-the-art IP-ICN coexistence architectures by horizontally comparing the SP features among three deployment approaches – i.e., overlay, underlay, and hybrid – and vertically comparing among the ten considered SP features. Lastly, the article sheds light on the open issues and possible future directions for IP-ICN coexistence. Our analysis shows that most architectures fail to provide several SP features, including data and traffic flow confidentiality, availability, and anonymity of communication. Thus, this article shows the secure combination of current and future protocol stacks during the coexistence phase that the Internet will definitely walk across.","PeriodicalId":55029,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Communications Surveys and Tutorials","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":35.6,"publicationDate":"2023-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135733696","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MIMO Satellite Communication Systems: A Survey From the PHY Layer Perspective","authors":"Jehyun Heo;Seungwoo Sung;Hyunwoo Lee;Incheol Hwang;Daesik Hong","doi":"10.1109/COMST.2023.3294873","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/COMST.2023.3294873","url":null,"abstract":"The satellite communications (SatCom) system is a representative technology for global coverage and seamless communications in next-generation communication systems. This paper is a survey of basic studies and recent research trends for multiple input multiple output (MIMO) SatCom. Specifically, we describe and provide the differences between terrestrial networks and SatCom. Furthermore, we categorize the scenarios mainly considered in the MIMO SatCom systems and major research topics in those scenarios. We also summarize the most important technical issues currently being researched in MIMO SatCom systems, and list future works to be studied based on this. This survey is recommended for researchers who are starting research on SatCom systems or those who wish to understand the research trends associated with MIMO SatCom systems.","PeriodicalId":55029,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Communications Surveys and Tutorials","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":35.6,"publicationDate":"2023-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49963705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Entanglement-Assisted Quantum Networks: Mechanics, Enabling Technologies, Challenges, and Research Directions","authors":"Zhonghui Li;Kaiping Xue;Jian Li;Lutong Chen;Ruidong Li;Zhaoying Wang;Nenghai Yu;David S. L. Wei;Qibin Sun;Jun Lu","doi":"10.1109/COMST.2023.3294240","DOIUrl":"10.1109/COMST.2023.3294240","url":null,"abstract":"Over the past few decades, significant progress has been made in quantum information technology, from theoretical studies to experimental demonstrations. Revolutionary quantum applications are now in the limelight, showcasing the advantages of quantum information technology and becoming a research hotspot in academia and industry. To enable quantum applications to have a more profound impact and wider application, the interconnection of multiple quantum nodes through quantum channels becomes essential. Building an entanglement-assisted quantum network, capable of realizing quantum information transmission between these quantum nodes, is the primary goal. However, entanglement-assisted quantum networks are governed by the unique laws of quantum mechanics, such as the superposition principle, the no-cloning theorem, and quantum entanglement, setting them apart from classical networks. Consequently, fundamental efforts are required to establish entanglement-assisted quantum networks. While some insightful surveys have paved the way for entanglement-assisted quantum networks, most of these studies focus on enabling technologies and quantum applications, neglecting critical network issues. In response, this paper presents a comprehensive survey of entanglement-assisted quantum networks. Alongside reviewing fundamental mechanics and enabling technologies, the paper provides a detailed overview of the network structure, working principles, and development stages, highlighting the differences from classical networks. Additionally, the challenges of building wide-area entanglement-assisted quantum networks are addressed. Furthermore, the paper emphasizes open research directions, including architecture design, entanglement-based network issues, and standardization, to facilitate the implementation of future entanglement-assisted quantum networks.","PeriodicalId":55029,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Communications Surveys and Tutorials","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":35.6,"publicationDate":"2023-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130073817","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Survey on Applications of Cache-Aided NOMA","authors":"Dipen Bepari;Soumen Mondal;Aniruddha Chandra;Rajeev Shukla;Yuanwei Liu;Mohsen Guizani;Arumugam Nallanathan","doi":"10.1109/COMST.2023.3293231","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/COMST.2023.3293231","url":null,"abstract":"Contrary to orthogonal multiple-access (OMA), non-orthogonal multiple-access (NOMA) schemes can serve a pool of users without exploiting the scarce frequency or time domain resources. This is useful in meeting the future network requirements (5G and beyond systems), such as, low latency, massive connectivity, users’ fairness, and high spectral efficiency. On the other hand, content caching restricts duplicate data transmission by storing popular contents in advance at the network edge which reduces data traffic. In this survey, we focus on cache-aided NOMA-based wireless networks which can reap the benefits of both cache and NOMA; switching to NOMA from OMA enables cache-aided networks to push additional files to content servers in parallel and improve the cache hit probability. Beginning with fundamentals of the cache-aided NOMA technology, we summarize the performance goals of cache-aided NOMA systems, present the associated design challenges, and categorize the recent related literature based on their application verticals. Concomitant standardization activities and open research challenges are highlighted as well.","PeriodicalId":55029,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Communications Surveys and Tutorials","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":35.6,"publicationDate":"2023-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49963706","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Survey of Public IoT Datasets for Network Security Research","authors":"François De Keersmaeker;Yinan Cao;Gorby Kabasele Ndonda;Ramin Sadre","doi":"10.1109/COMST.2023.3288942","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/COMST.2023.3288942","url":null,"abstract":"Publicly available datasets are an indispensable tool for researchers, as they allow testing new algorithms on a wide range of different scenarios and making scientific experiments verifiable and reproducible. Research in IoT security is no exception. In particular, the design of traffic classification and intrusion detection solutions for network security relies on network traces obtained from real networks or realistic testbeds. In this paper, we provide a detailed survey on the existing datasets containing IoT network traffic. We classify them according to several features that help researchers quickly find the datasets that fit their specific needs. In total, we survey 74 datasets that we found by analyzing more than 100 scientific articles. We also discuss the weaknesses of existing datasets, identify challenges, and point to future directions for creating new IoT datasets.","PeriodicalId":55029,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Communications Surveys and Tutorials","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":35.6,"publicationDate":"2023-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49963514","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Tutorial on the Tracking, Telemetry, and Command (TT&C) for Space Missions","authors":"Andrea Modenini;Barbara Ripani","doi":"10.1109/COMST.2023.3287431","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/COMST.2023.3287431","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a tutorial on the Tracking, Telemetry, and Command (TT&C) for spacecraft and satellite missions. In particular, it provides a thorough summary of the design of the TT&C, starting from elementary system aspects and going down to the details of the on-board TT&C subsystem design, its units, and the physical layer. The paper is then complemented with a description of emerging TT&C techniques and technologies, the standardization framework, and practical examples of actual spacecraft design of European space missions. The here-presented tutorial is thought for professionals (also in other telecommunication engineering fields) willing to face the challenges and state-of-the-art of the TT&C, and know more about this fundamental function that allows us to control and monitor our spacecraft on a daily basis.","PeriodicalId":55029,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Communications Surveys and Tutorials","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":35.6,"publicationDate":"2023-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49963704","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}