Irish Veterinary Journal最新文献

{"title":"Comparative analysis of genetic characterization of β-lactam-resistant Escherichia coli from bulk tank milk in Korea.","authors":"Hye-Ri Jung,&nbsp;Koeun Kim,&nbsp;Young Ju Lee","doi":"10.1186/s13620-021-00203-4","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13620-021-00203-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study was conducted to analyze the genetic characteristics of 41 β-lactam-resistant Escherichia coli isolates, which are one of the common causes of environmental mastitis, isolated from the bulk tank milk of 290 dairy farms in five factories operated by three dairy companies in Korea.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Analysis of the phenotypic and genotypic characteristics of β-lactam-resistant E. coli isolates revealed differences between factories even within the same company. Isolates from factory A1 and C1 showed high resistance to cephalothin (76.9 and 100%, respectively), which is a first-generation cephalosporins, whereas resistance to tetracycline was showed by only the isolates from factories B1 (60.0%), C2 (66.7%), and C3 (100%). Although all the 41 β-lactam-resistant E. coli isolates were positive for bla_OXA-1, bla_TEM-1 was highly prevalent in isolates from factories C2 (100%) and C3 (100%). Among 17 isolates resistant to both β-lactams and aminoglycosides, the most common multilocus sequence type was ST399 (13isolates, 76.5%). Furthermore, 2 (11.8%) and 12 (70.6%) isolates belonged to the phylogenetic groups B2 and D, respectively, which are invasive strains that cause intestinal infections, respectively. The predominant serogroup was O15 (70.6%), which is a globally distributed extraintestinal pathogen. Interestingly, one isolate from factory A1 belonged to O157 and carried six virulence genes, simultaneously.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Although E. coli isolates were isolated from bulk tank milk, and not the clinical mastitis samples, the presence of the phylogenetic groups B2 and D, and the serogroups O15 and O157, which harbor antimicrobial resistance genes and virulence factors, can pose a threat to public health.</p>","PeriodicalId":54916,"journal":{"name":"Irish Veterinary Journal","volume":"74 1","pages":"26"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2021-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8454163/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39436585","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"First detected case of rabbit Haemorrhagic disease virus 2 (RHDV2) in the Irish hare (Lepus timidus hibernicus).","authors":"Aideen Kennedy,&nbsp;Louise Britton,&nbsp;Andrew W Byrne,&nbsp;Christina Byrne,&nbsp;Mícheál Casey,&nbsp;Orla Flynn,&nbsp;Jose Maria Lozano,&nbsp;Ferdia Marnell,&nbsp;Maire McElroy,&nbsp;Neil Reid,&nbsp;Margaret Wilson,&nbsp;William FitzGerald","doi":"10.1186/s13620-021-00205-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13620-021-00205-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Rabbit haemorrhagic disease virus (RHDV) is a Lagovirus, a subgroup of the family Caliciviridae. RHDV2 is a variant first described in France in 2010, and has since spread globally. It has been reported in several Lagomorph species (rabbits, hares, and their relatives) as well as other mammals including voles and shrews. The disease has raised international concerns for its potential impact on population abundance trajectories, particularly as 25% of Lagomorphs are currently Red-Listed by the International Union for the Conservation of Nature (IUCN). The Irish hare (Lepus timidus hibernicus) is a subspecies of the mountain hare, L. timidus, and is endemic to Ireland, making it an Evolutionarily Significant Unit of intrinsic value.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>The first case of RHDV2 was detected in a wild Irish hare in July 2019. The individual exhibited atypical neurological behaviour (running in circles) prior to death. On necropsy, pink tinged foam was seen in the trachea and congestion was noted in the lungs, but there was no evidence of haemorrhages in any other organ. Both the liver and spleen were tested by reverse transcription real time qPCR confirming high levels of RHDV2 RNA. Histopathology confirmed multifocal necrotising hepatitis.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The Irish hare is susceptible to RHDV2 infection. Further investigation is warranted to explore the clinical, epidemiological, and population biology implications.</p>","PeriodicalId":54916,"journal":{"name":"Irish Veterinary Journal","volume":"74 1","pages":"25"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2021-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8449885/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39430431","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification of different attitudes towards paratuberculosis control using cluster analysis applied on data from an anonymous survey among German cattle farmers.","authors":"Veit Zoche-Golob,&nbsp;René Pützschel,&nbsp;Esra Einax,&nbsp;Karsten Donat","doi":"10.1186/s13620-021-00204-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13620-021-00204-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Paratuberculosis is a common disease in ruminants, causing economic losses in livestock farming, and a relationship between the exposure to its causative agent Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis, and Crohn's disease in humans is discussed. Despite this, only a minority of cattle farmers have enroled in voluntary control programmes in most countries. Therefore, this study aimed at investigating the farmer's opinion on paratuberculosis and their motivations to participate in a control programme. The objective was to identify different groups among farmers regarding their motivation and thereby contribute to a better understanding of farmers' attitudes towards paratuberculosis control.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Two hundred twenty-five farmers responded to questionnaires that were distributed among cattle farmers in Saxony and Thuringia, federal states of Germany, together with boot-swab sampling sets for a free and anonymous herd-level paratuberculosis test. Among them, dairy herds and large herds were overrepresented. A hierarchical cluster analysis of the farmers' answers resulted in four groups that we tagged as 'informed sceptics', 'deniers', 'affected supporters' and 'free supporters'. In all groups, the majority considered paratuberculosis a threat to the public image of cattle farmers. Nearly all participants wanted to know the paratuberculosis herd status of purchased cattle. In contrast to the supporters, the informed sceptics and the deniers did not consider paratuberculosis a dangerous epizootic disease and would not welcome a mandatory control programme. The deniers and the affected supporters, but not the informed sceptics and the free supporters, assumed that their herd is affected by paratuberculosis. Unlike the deniers, all other groups would enrol in a control programme if the pathogen would have been found in their herd. Protecting future profitability and improving animal health were the two most important motivations to control paratuberculosis in all groups followed by aspects related to the marketing of breeding cattle. Most frequently, the costs and the assumed inaccuracy of diagnostics tests were mentioned as obstacles that hamper programme enrolment.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Significantly different attitudes of farmers regarding paratuberculosis control were identified. Therefore, tailored rather than uniform communication strategies are required to enhance participation in voluntary paratuberculosis control programmes.</p>","PeriodicalId":54916,"journal":{"name":"Irish Veterinary Journal","volume":"74 1","pages":"24"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2021-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8444409/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39421747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epidemiology and molecular characterization of re-emerged virulent strains of Peste des Petits Ruminants virus among sheep in Kassala State, Eastern Sudan.","authors":"Fatima A Saeed,&nbsp;Mohammed M Gumaa,&nbsp;Sana A Abdelaziz,&nbsp;Khalid A Enan,&nbsp;Selma K Ahmed,&nbsp;Mohammed O Hussien","doi":"10.1186/s13620-021-00202-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13620-021-00202-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Peste des Petits Ruminants (PPR) is a severe contagious viral disease, which mainly affects small ruminants. PPR is caused by a Morbillivirus that belongs to the family Paramyxoviridae. In this study 12 suspected PPR outbreaks among sheep and goats were investigated in four localities in Kassala State, Eastern Sudan, during 2015-2017. The causative agent was confirmed by a Sandwich Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (sELISA), and a Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) targeting a partial sequence of nucleocapsid protein gene (N- gene) and a partial sequence of fusion protein gene (F- gene). Sequencing and phylogenetic analysis were carried out on six N- gene based RT-PCR products selected from two outbreaks occurred on border and inner localities of Kassala State to determine the circulating lineages of PPRV strains. Identity percentages were determined between isolates in this study and previous Sudanese, and other (African and Asian) isolates which clustered along with them.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Out of 30 samples, 22 (73.3%) were positive using sandwich ELISA. From 22 s ELISA positive samples, 17 (77.3%) were positive by Ngene based RT-PCR and only 7(43.8%) out of 16 positive samples by N gene based RT-PCR were positive using Fgene based RT-PCR. The sequencing and phylogenetic analysis confirmed involvement of the lineage IV of PPRV in outbreaks among small ruminants in Kassala State and high identity percentage between our isolates and previous Sudanese and other (African and Asian) isolates.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The present study demonstrates that genetic relationship between PPRV strains circulating in sheep in Kassala State, Eastern Sudan, and PPRV strains characterized as lineage IV in neighboring African countries such as Eretria,Ethiopia, Egypt, and other Asian countries.</p>","PeriodicalId":54916,"journal":{"name":"Irish Veterinary Journal","volume":"74 1","pages":"23"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2021-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8424802/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39394166","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Resistance and virulence distribution in enterococci isolated from broilers reared in two farming systems.","authors":"Teresa Semedo-Lemsaddek,&nbsp;João Bettencourt Cota,&nbsp;Tânia Ribeiro,&nbsp;Amélia Pimentel,&nbsp;Luís Tavares,&nbsp;Fernando Bernando,&nbsp;Manuela Oliveira","doi":"10.1186/s13620-021-00201-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13620-021-00201-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The impact of enterococci in human health has been growing for the last decades, mainly due to their resistance to several antimicrobial agents. Human consumption of contaminated meat, especially poultry, has been identified as a possible route of transmission. The aim of the present study was to evaluate and compare the antimicrobial resistance profiles and virulence genes of enterococci isolated from Portuguese conventional and free-range broiler farms.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Antibiotic susceptibility testing showed high frequencies of resistance to tetracycline in both farming systems. Resistance to erythromycin and gentamicin were detected in about half of the isolates. Resistance to penicillin was the less frequently observed and no vancomycin resistant isolates were identified. The majority of the enterococcal isolates, from either farming systems, were resistant to more than one antibiotic, and no statistical associations were found, except for penicillin resistance which associated with the genetic clusters. No differences were found between farming systems regarding the prevalence of tet(M), erm(B), aac (6')-Ie-aph (2″)-Ia and pbp5 genes, nevertheless pbp5 prevalence was associated with the different genetic clusters. Hemolytic activity was identified in 26.47% of all isolates and gelatinase activity in 50%. The gelE gene was identified in the majority of the isolates, whereas esp and agg genes were rarely detected. The cylA determinant was not detected in any of the isolates.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Overall, results suggest that similar resistance patterns and virulence genes can be found in both farming systems, though enterococci in free-range conditions should be less prone to acquire further resistance genes.</p>","PeriodicalId":54916,"journal":{"name":"Irish Veterinary Journal","volume":"74 1","pages":"22"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2021-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8379790/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39330389","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Livestock-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (LA-MRSA) prevalence in humans in close contact with animals and measures to reduce on-farm colonisation.","authors":"Daniel Crespo-Piazuelo,&nbsp;Peadar G Lawlor","doi":"10.1186/s13620-021-00200-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13620-021-00200-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Since the 1940s, Staphylococcus aureus has adapted to the use of different antimicrobials to treat infections. Although S. aureus can act as a commensal bacterium, some strains are facultative pathogens and acquiring them can be fatal. In particular, treating infections caused by S. aureus with acquired antimicrobial resistance is problematic, as their treatment is more difficult. Some of these S. aureus variants are methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) with prevalence across the globe in health-care facilities, community settings and on livestock farms. Apart from humans, MRSA can colonise other animal species, and because of this, resistance to new antimicrobials can appear and jump between species. Livestock and companion animals are particularly important in this regard considering the relatively high usage of antimicrobials in these species. There is a risk to humans who come into direct contact with animals acquiring MRSA but there is also the risk of animals acquiring MRSA from colonised humans. In this review, we summarise studies conducted worldwide to characterise the prevalence of MRSA in veterinarians, farmers and other personnel who come into close contact with animals. Finally, alternative treatment, preventive measures and on-farm strategies to reduce MRSA introduction to a farm and carriage within a herd are discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":54916,"journal":{"name":"Irish Veterinary Journal","volume":"74 1","pages":"21"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2021-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1186/s13620-021-00200-7","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39296528","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A pilot study on the prevalence of lice in Irish beef cattle and the first Irish report of deltamethrin tolerance in Bovicola bovis.","authors":"Fiona Mckiernan,&nbsp;Jack O'Connor,&nbsp;William Minchin,&nbsp;Edward O'Riordan,&nbsp;Alan Dillon,&nbsp;Martina Harrington,&nbsp;Annetta Zintl","doi":"10.1186/s13620-021-00198-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13620-021-00198-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Pediculosis in cattle causes significant itching, irritation and stress to the animal, often resulting in skin damage and poor coat condition. The control of bovine pediculosis in Ireland is based predominantly on commercial insecticides belonging to one of two chemical classes, the synthetic pyrethroids and the macrocyclic lactones. In recent years, pyrethroid tolerance has been reported in a number of species of livestock lice in the United Kingdom and Australia.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In this pilot survey, lice were detected in 16 (94%) out of 17 herds visited. Two species of lice, Bovicola bovis and Linognathus vituli were identified. In vitro contact bioassays showed evidence of deltamethrin tolerance in Bovicola bovis collected from 4 farms. This was confirmed by repeatedly assessing louse infestations on treated animals on one farm.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>To our knowledge this is the first record of insecticide tolerant populations of lice in Irish cattle. The results also provide new data on the species of lice infesting beef cattle in Ireland and the prevalence and control of louse infestations in Irish beef cattle herds.</p>","PeriodicalId":54916,"journal":{"name":"Irish Veterinary Journal","volume":"74 1","pages":"20"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2021-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1186/s13620-021-00198-y","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39153643","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Seroprevalence of Chlamydia abortus infection in yak (Bos grunniens) in Tibet, China.","authors":"Lin Liang,&nbsp;Yuan Wen,&nbsp;Zhaocai Li,&nbsp;Ping Liu,&nbsp;Xing Liu,&nbsp;Shuming Tan,&nbsp;Donghui Liu,&nbsp;Jizhang Zhou,&nbsp;Dewen Tong","doi":"10.1186/s13620-021-00199-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13620-021-00199-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Chlamydia spp. are prevalent zoonotic pathogens that infect a wide variety of host species. Chlamydia abortus (C. abortus) infection in yaks has been reported in Gansu and Qinghai province, China. However, no data about C. abortus infection are available in yaks in Tibet, China. A total of 938 serum samples was collected from yaks in Tibet, China and specific antibodies against C. abortus were detected by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The results showed that the overall seroprevalence of C. abortus in yaks was 104/938 (11.1 %, 95 % confidence interval [CI] 9.1-13.1). The prevalence in female and male yaks was 59/556 (10.6 %, 95 % CI 8.0-13.2) and 45/382 (11.8 %, 95 % CI 8.5-15.0), respectively with no significant difference (p > 0.05). The seroprevalence of antibodies to C. abortus in yaks ranged from 8.0 to 18.2 % among the six different areas, and the difference was also without statistical significance (p > 0.05). The prevalence among different age groups ranged from 7.0 to 15.9 %, with a higher prevalence among 1 to 2 years age category. The results demonstrate the presence of C. abortus infection in yaks in Tibet and may pose a risk for the general yak populations in addition to its potential impact on public health and the local Tibetan economy. To our knowledge, this is the first seroprevalence survey of C. abortus in yaks in Tibet, China.</p>","PeriodicalId":54916,"journal":{"name":"Irish Veterinary Journal","volume":"74 1","pages":"19"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2021-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1186/s13620-021-00199-x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39146556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Controlling bacteriological contamination of environmental surfaces at the biological isolation and containment unit of a veterinary teaching hospital.","authors":"C Verdial,&nbsp;C Carneiro,&nbsp;I Machado,&nbsp;L Tavares,&nbsp;V Almeida,&nbsp;M Oliveira,&nbsp;S Gil","doi":"10.1186/s13620-021-00197-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13620-021-00197-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The Biological Isolation and Containment Unit (BICU) is a subunit of the Teaching Hospital of the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine of the University of Lisbon, Portugal, for the admission of animals with confirmed infectious diseases or under clinical suspicion and waiting for a diagnosis. As a high-risk environment for the transmission of infectious agents, it is extremely important to implement programs for the surveillance of nosocomial microorganisms in these facilities. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the level of bacterial contamination of the BICU environmental surfaces and to implement corrective actions on disinfection protocols. Swab samples were collected from selected environmental surfaces in 3 different areas of the BICU (isolation, work, and preparatory rooms) to evaluate the total aerobic bacterial load and investigate the presence of 4 nosocomial microorganisms: vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus spp., methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, 3rd-generation cephalosporin-resistant Escherichia coli, and carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Bacterial quantification was performed by using non-selective media, while specific selective media were used for the isolation of the target microorganisms. Isolates were identified based on their macro and microscopic characteristics and their biochemical profile. Subsequently, new disinfection protocols were implemented, and their effectiveness evaluated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The surfaces with the highest bacterial load in the isolation, preparatory, and worker's rooms were the cages, hand-held sponge, and telephone, respectively. Regarding the 4 pathogens investigated, Enterococcus spp. were the most frequently isolated (11.3%), followed by E. coli (1.5%) and P. aeruginosa (1.5%). One of the P. aeruginosa isolates obtained was resistant to imipenem. In the end, new disinfection protocols were implemented, which proved to be effective in reducing bacterial counts by 99.99% in cages and the sponge, and by 90 to 99% on the telephone.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study allows to conclude that the cages and the human contact surfaces were the most contaminated in the isolation rooms. Nevertheless, the new disinfection strategies seemed to be effective in reducing environmental contamination, including by some potentially nosocomial agents, although more samples must be analyzed for definitive conclusions. These results may contribute to highlight the importance of infection prevention and control measures, as fundamental tools to reduce the spread of infectious agents in the hospital environment.</p>","PeriodicalId":54916,"journal":{"name":"Irish Veterinary Journal","volume":"74 1","pages":"18"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2021-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1186/s13620-021-00197-z","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39036251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Postoperative wound assessment in cattle: How reliable is the back hand palpation?","authors":"Ioannis Proios,&nbsp;Marian Kusenda,&nbsp;Christian Seiler,&nbsp;Carsten Siewert,&nbsp;Hermann Seifert,&nbsp;Martin Kaske","doi":"10.1186/s13620-021-00195-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13620-021-00195-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>As part of clinical wound assessment in bovine surgery, discrepancies in skin temperature are evaluated by placing the back of the hand on the area to be examined. Generally, an increased skin temperature at the wound site for a prolonged period is considered as an indicator of impaired wound healing. The aim of this study was to verify the reliability of palpation under bovine practice conditions using laparotomy as an example. Fourteen cows (German Holstein) with a left displacement of the abomasum (LDA) without other severe concurrent diseases were examined preoperatively and once daily for ten days after surgery. The skin temperature of the wound site in the right flank was assessed by palpation, followed by thermographic evaluation using an infrared camera after a 45-min acclimatisation period, under standardised conditions in a closed examination room daily for 10 days.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>All the incisions healed without clinical detectable perturbances. The ambient temperature range during the study period was 7.8 - 24.1 °C. Two groups were retrospectively defined according to the ambient temperature: high ambient temperature (HT group; median: 20.2 °C 25/75 quartile: 18.5 °C / 21.7 °C; n = 6) and low ambient temperature (LT group; 10.8 °C; 9.4 °C / 12.8 °C; n = 8). The temperature differences (Δϑ) between the mean skin temperature of the wound site and a defined reference area cranial to the wound were assessed. A significant negative correlation was found between the ambient temperature (ϑ_Amb) and Δϑ (r=-0.51; P < 0.001). The Δϑ was postoperatively higher in the cows in the LT group (median of the individual animals 0.8-2.5 °C) than in the HT group (0.1-0.5 °C; P < 0.05). In contrast to the thermographic findings, manual palpation rarely detected local hyperthermia (> 1 °C) at the wound site (sensitivity 0.20; specificity 0.96).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The infrared thermography provides a more reliable assessment of temperature changes at the wound site in comparison to manual palpation. The ambient temperature markedly affects the extent of local hyperthermia at the wound site.</p>","PeriodicalId":54916,"journal":{"name":"Irish Veterinary Journal","volume":"74 1","pages":"16"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2021-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1186/s13620-021-00195-1","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39237090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}