Jbis-Journal of the British Interplanetary Society最新文献

The History and Possibilities of British Space Suits 英国太空服的历史和可能性

Jbis-Journal of the British Interplanetary Society Pub Date : 2023-08-07 DOI: 10.59332/jbis-076-06-0207

Griffith Ingram

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A Note on a Procedure for Improving the Development of Government Space Policy 关于改进政府空间政策制定程序的说明

Jbis-Journal of the British Interplanetary Society Pub Date : 2023-08-07 DOI: 10.59332/jbis-076-06-0205

D. Ashford

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The Past, Present and Future of UK Human Spaceflight 英国载人航天的过去、现在和未来

Jbis-Journal of the British Interplanetary Society Pub Date : 2023-08-07 DOI: 10.59332/jbis-076-06-0190

N. Spall

{"title":"The Past, Present and Future of UK Human Spaceflight","authors":"N. Spall","doi":"10.59332/jbis-076-06-0190","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59332/jbis-076-06-0190","url":null,"abstract":"This paper provides a broad review of the UK’s interest in human spaceflight (HSF), covering its past, present and possible future. It looks at the origins of the national interest, starting with the British science fiction “visionaries” HG Wells and AC Clarke from the early 1900s. Considering what might have been if governments had more fully invested in UK HSF activity during the 1960-80s, it notes that despite a positive cultural enthusiasm the UK appears to have been held back by institutional scepticism and a lack of government financial commitment - this attitude strongly contrasted with that of other developed nations, particularly Germany, France and Italy. Following a sudden reversal of government policy for human space activity post-2008, a deeper HSF involvement by the UK now seems achievable, depending on sufficient funding - ESA’s 2022 selection of three new British astronaut candidates is a very positive step-forward. The paper broadly considers the opportunities via the combination of human and robotic exploration (HRE) with direct microgravity research on the ISS and the forthcoming private space labs in LEO, plus participation in NASA-led “Artemis” lunar exploration. The latter could involve applied UK space industry initiatives, possibly including lunar navigation and communications satellite construction, Gateway space-station services, plus potential nuclear power sources for a future Moonbase. Space-based solar power with HSF support, expanding space tourism activity, then the future exploration of the Moon and Mars may then be followed by ISRU exploitation and commercial space mining. The paper concludes with a revue of the importance and need for HSF for space research and exploration, it’s “value for money”, potential long-term futures and the contribution HSF makes to the “Big History” of humanity as a space-faring species. Keywords: Astronauts, Human spaceflight (HSF), Arthur C Clarke, European Space Agency (ESA), UK Space Agency, Tim Peake, Artemis, SUSIE, ISS, Orion, Argonaut, Moonbase, World History","PeriodicalId":54906,"journal":{"name":"Jbis-Journal of the British Interplanetary Society","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88247283","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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Coordinating European Human Spaceflight Programmes with UK Space Policy Objectives 协调欧洲载人航天计划与英国空间政策目标

Jbis-Journal of the British Interplanetary Society Pub Date : 2023-08-07 DOI: 10.59332/jbis-076-06-0197

M. Hempsell

{"title":"Coordinating European Human Spaceflight Programmes with UK Space Policy Objectives","authors":"M. Hempsell","doi":"10.59332/jbis-076-06-0197","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59332/jbis-076-06-0197","url":null,"abstract":"With the International Space Station (ISS) coming to the end of its life, the next decade will see significant changes in human spaceflight after a quarter of a century of stasis. America has decided NASA will purchase all its civil Low Earth Orbit (LEO) capability from commercially run space stations. All these companies will be American and as a consequence, foreign participants are in a weaker position than they are with the ISS, which operates under government to government agreements. Europe has to decide whether to accept more American control of its programmes or to create an autonomous capability. Most ESA nations have policies that are driven by prestige motivations and these would be considerably reduced. Also, these nations have decades of investment in a human spacecraft industry which will be at risk in the new post ISS environment. Developing an independent European human infrastructure in LEO is both achievable and probably the best route to meet these national objectives. Although an ESA member, the United Kingdom has different national Space objectives, which emphasise direct economic return; further, it does not have an indigenous industry to protect. However, the future of human spaceflight will have an increasing significant element of economic exploitation, which will be accelerated by the American commercial post-ISS architecture, which the UK cannot ignore. Furthermore, while all ESA members would benefit from an autonomous European capability, there is a potential tension between nations due to differing national policy objectives. Those with prestige objectives just need a working infrastructure that fits a funding corridor, but the British economic objectives will require an economically competitive capability. Keywords: Space Policy, UK Space Programme, Human Spaceflight","PeriodicalId":54906,"journal":{"name":"Jbis-Journal of the British Interplanetary Society","volume":"41 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88225536","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A Data Collection Programme for Improving Healthcare in UK Human Spaceflight Ventures 改善联合王国载人航天事业保健的数据收集方案

Jbis-Journal of the British Interplanetary Society Pub Date : 2023-08-07 DOI: 10.59332/jbis-076-06-0213

Henry Cope, C. Deane, Nathaniel J Szewczyk, T. Etheridge, Philip M. Williams, C. Willis

{"title":"A Data Collection Programme for Improving Healthcare in UK Human Spaceflight Ventures","authors":"Henry Cope, C. Deane, Nathaniel J Szewczyk, T. Etheridge, Philip M. Williams, C. Willis","doi":"10.59332/jbis-076-06-0213","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59332/jbis-076-06-0213","url":null,"abstract":"Over the next decade the number of humans venturing beyond Earth is projected to rapidly increase in both quantity and diversity.Humans will regularly fly to the International Space Station until it is decommissioned by 2031, will return to the Moon by 2025 via the Artemis programme, and will fly to space via commercial ventures. Spaceflight presents a hazardous environment for human health. To understand spaceflight-associated health risks further and to increase safety via advanced healthcare approaches, including personalised medicine, more data must be collected. Importantly, this data must be derived from a diverse cohort of participants and a range of mission formats. We propose that the UK should start to consider all citizens venturing into space as potential participants from which health and biological data could be consensually collected. Importantly, we believe that this routine data collection programme should adopt a similar strategy to the UK National Health Service and the UK Biobank, by including \"omics\" data for scientific and healthcare purposes. We consider how such a world-leading programme, kick-started via a pilot study, might be realised through appropriate policy design, including which measures to collect, when to collect them, and unique ethical considerations pertaining to the spacefaring population. Keywords: Omics, Astronaut, Ethics, Commercial Spaceflight, Biobank","PeriodicalId":54906,"journal":{"name":"Jbis-Journal of the British Interplanetary Society","volume":"51 5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87698452","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Fast Interplanetary Travel: a Literature Review 快速星际旅行:文献综述

Jbis-Journal of the British Interplanetary Society Pub Date : 2023-07-12 DOI: 10.59332/jbis-076-05-163

Stepen Baxter

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The Settlement of Space: Economical and Logistical Drivers and Constraints 空间的解决:经济与物流的驱动与制约

Jbis-Journal of the British Interplanetary Society Pub Date : 2023-07-12 DOI: 10.59332/jbis-076-05-154

R. Soilleux, S. Baxter, Michel Lamontagne, R. Freeland

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Jerome Pearson and Space Elevators 杰罗姆·皮尔森和太空电梯

Jbis-Journal of the British Interplanetary Society Pub Date : 2023-07-12 DOI: 10.59332/jbis-076-05-178

D. Raitt

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Optimization of Interplanetary Trajectory for Direct Fusion Drive Spacecraft 直接聚变驱动航天器行星际轨迹优化

Jbis-Journal of the British Interplanetary Society Pub Date : 2023-07-12 DOI: 10.59332/jbis-076-05-170

G. Genta, Dario Riccobono

{"title":"Optimization of Interplanetary Trajectory for Direct Fusion Drive Spacecraft","authors":"G. Genta, Dario Riccobono","doi":"10.59332/jbis-076-05-170","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59332/jbis-076-05-170","url":null,"abstract":"The Direct Fusion Drive (DFD) technology, which is being developed at present, will allow fast and affordable interplanetary travel. This is a result of the very high specific impulse and the low specific mass of DFD thrusters which outperform more conventional Nuclear Electric Propulsion (NEP), with which it shares the ability of providing a low (albeit higher than in the case of NEP) continuous thrust. It is well known that, to optimize the payload fraction, the thruster should operate in Variable Exhaust Velocity (VEV) mode and that the lower is the specific mass, the higher should be the maximum specific impulse the thruster can produce. A low thrust interplanetary travel, from the orbit around the starting planet to the orbit around the destination planet, can be considered as made of three parts: a first planetocentric phase, a second heliocentric phase and finally a third planetocentric phase; in all of them the trajectory is a sort of a spiral, but while in the first and third the spacecraft makes several (or even a large number) turns about the two planets, the second consists of a fraction of a turn about the Sun. In the first and last one the optimal specific impulse is not much variable and should remain quite low, while in the second one it must go through large variations, reaching a very high value at roughly midway between the planets. To show the potentialities of DFD, three typical fast missions are studied: to the Moon, to Mars and to Titan, showing that this propulsion device will allow humans to reach practically the whole solar system in a reasonable time. Keywords: Interplanetary travel, Human Mars Exploration, Direct Fusion Drive, Trajectory Optimization, Specific Impulse Optimization","PeriodicalId":54906,"journal":{"name":"Jbis-Journal of the British Interplanetary Society","volume":"71 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72663140","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Lagrange Sunshade: Its Effectiveness in Combating Global Warming and Its Application to Earth Defense from Asteroid Impacts, Beaming Solar Energy for Terrestrial Use, Propelling Interstellar Migration by Laser-Photon Sails and Its Technosigniature 拉格朗日遮阳伞:对抗全球变暖的有效性及其在地球防御小行星撞击、向地球发射太阳能、利用激光光子帆推进星际迁移及其技术特征等方面的应用

Jbis-Journal of the British Interplanetary Society Pub Date : 2023-06-14 DOI: 10.59332/jbis-076-04-0130

G. Matloff

{"title":"The Lagrange Sunshade: Its Effectiveness in Combating Global Warming and Its Application to Earth Defense from Asteroid Impacts, Beaming Solar Energy for Terrestrial Use, Propelling Interstellar Migration by Laser-Photon Sails and Its Technosigniature","authors":"G. Matloff","doi":"10.59332/jbis-076-04-0130","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59332/jbis-076-04-0130","url":null,"abstract":"One suggested method to partially mitigate the effects of global warming is the construction of a ~2,000 km dimension sunshade at or near the Sun-Earth Lagrange-1 (L1) Point. Opaque and transparent sunshades have been suggested for this application. Mass estimates are presented for both as well as a discussion of station-keeping issues. If constructed, such a megastructure would have additional applications. These include beaming energy to divert or destroy Earth-threatening Near Earth Asteroids (NEAS), space-based solar-energy production for terrestrial use, and energy beaming to accelerate laser-photon propelled starships engaged in interstellar migrations. Global warming may be a filter that an emerging galactic civilization might have to overcome. As such, technosignatures of extra solar star-planet Lagrange sunshades might be detectable by extremely large telescopes. Larger Lagrange sunshades might also be constructed by a civilization inhabiting a planet circling an aging star since stellar luminosity increases with star age. Keywords: Lagrange Sunshade, Earth Defence, Space-Based Solar Energy, Interstellar Migration, Technosigniatures","PeriodicalId":54906,"journal":{"name":"Jbis-Journal of the British Interplanetary Society","volume":"41 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86672823","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0