Journal of Geology最新文献

{"title":"Temperature is a cryptic factor shaping the geographical pattern of genetic variation in <i>Ceratophyllum demersum</i> across a subtropical freshwater lake.","authors":"Yixian Li, Xuyao Zhao, Manli Xia, Xinzeng Wei, Hongwei Hou","doi":"10.1016/j.pld.2023.08.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pld.2023.08.002","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Macrophyte habitats exhibit remarkable heterogeneity, encompassing the spatial variation of abiotic and biotic components such as changes in water conditions and weather as well as anthropogenic stressors. Environmental factors are thought to be important drivers shaping the genetic and epigenetic variation of aquatic plants. However, the links among genetic diversity, epigenetic variation, and environmental variables remain largely unclear, especially for clonal aquatic plants. Here, we performed population genetic and epigenetic analyses in conjunction with habitat discrimination to elucidate the environmental factors driving intraspecies genetic and epigenetic variation in hornwort (<i>Ceratophyllum demersum</i>) in a subtropical lake. Environmental factors were highly correlated with the genetic and epigenetic variation of <i>C. demersum</i>, with temperature being a key driver of the genetic variation. Lower temperature was detected to be correlated with greater genetic and epigenetic variation. Genetic and epigenetic variation were positively driven by water temperature, but were negatively affected by ambient air temperature. These findings indicate that the genetic and epigenetic variation of this clonal aquatic herb is not related to the geographic feature but is instead driven by environmental conditions, and demonstrate the effects of temperature on local genetic and epigenetic variation in aquatic systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":54826,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geology","volume":"48 1","pages":"630-639"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2023-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11403116/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82505119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Contrasting detrital feldspar Pb isotope ratios and zircon geochronology to distinguish proximal vs. distal transport","authors":"Isabel C. Zutterkirch, M. Barham, C. Kirkland, C. Elders","doi":"10.1086/726757","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1086/726757","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54826,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41396593","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Eocene Andesitic Adakite from Lone Mountain, Southwestern Montana","authors":"F. Dudás, N. Chatterjee, M. Krol","doi":"10.1086/726207","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1086/726207","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54826,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45083691","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing DNA barcode reference libraries by harvesting terrestrial arthropods at the Smithsonian's National Museum of Natural History.","authors":"Bernardo F Santos, Meredith E Miller, Margarita Miklasevskaja, Jaclyn T A McKeown, Niamh E Redmond, Jonathan A Coddington, Jessica Bird, Scott E Miller, Ashton Smith, Seán G Brady, Matthew L Buffington, M Lourdes Chamorro, Torsten Dikow, Michael W Gates, Paul Goldstein, Alexander Konstantinov, Robert Kula, Nicholas D Silverson, M Alma Solis, Stephanie L deWaard, Suresh Naik, Nadya Nikolova, Mikko Pentinsaari, Sean W J Prosser, Jayme E Sones, Evgeny V Zakharov, Jeremy R deWaard","doi":"10.3897/BDJ.11.e100904","DOIUrl":"10.3897/BDJ.11.e100904","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The use of DNA barcoding has revolutionised biodiversity science, but its application depends on the existence of comprehensive and reliable reference libraries. For many poorly known taxa, such reference sequences are missing even at higher-level taxonomic scales. We harvested the collections of the Smithsonian's National Museum of Natural History (USNM) to generate DNA barcoding sequences for genera of terrestrial arthropods previously not recorded in one or more major public sequence databases. Our workflow used a mix of Sanger and Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS) approaches to maximise sequence recovery while ensuring affordable cost. In total, COI sequences were obtained for 5,686 specimens belonging to 3,737 determined species in 3,886 genera and 205 families distributed in 137 countries. Success rates varied widely according to collection data and focal taxon. NGS helped recover sequences of specimens that failed a previous run of Sanger sequencing. Success rates and the optimal balance between Sanger and NGS are the most important drivers to maximise output and minimise cost in future projects. The corresponding sequence and taxonomic data can be accessed through the Barcode of Life Data System, GenBank, the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, the Global Genome Biodiversity Network Data Portal and the NMNH data portal.</p>","PeriodicalId":54826,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geology","volume":"92 1","pages":"e100904"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10848724/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82692684","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of the Web Site Availability and Content of Pediatric Ophthalmology Fellowship Programs: A Cross-Sectional Nationwide Study.","authors":"Anne B Kim, Brian T Cheng, Kyle S Chan, Sudhi P Kurup","doi":"10.1055/s-0043-1764474","DOIUrl":"10.1055/s-0043-1764474","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background</b>  Fellowship program Web sites are a crucial source of information for prospective pediatric ophthalmology applicants, especially in light of the restrictions on in-person interactions due to the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic. <b>Objective</b>  This study examined all pediatric ophthalmology fellowship Web sites for availability and presented recruitment and training content. <b>Methods</b>  A full list of all pediatric ophthalmology and strabismus (POAS) fellowship programs were compiled from the Association of University Professors of Ophthalmology (AUPO) directory and the San Francisco Match (SFMatch) application listing. Each fellowship was queried by Google Internet search to identify the program's corresponding Web site. The content of Web sites was evaluated using 20 predetermined recruitment and training criteria. All data were collected in February 2022. Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U tests were constructed to examine differences by geographic location, program size, number of teaching faculty, and affiliation with a top ophthalmology residency program. <b>Results</b>  There were 45 pediatric ophthalmology fellowships identified from the AUPO and SFMatch. All pediatric ophthalmology fellowships had an available program Web site. However, there was significant variability in content, and the average Web site had approximately half of the evaluated criteria. POAS Web sites reported a greater number of recruitment criteria than program training criteria. There were no differences by program size, number of faculty, affiliation with a top residency program, or geographic location in the number of observed criteria. <b>Conclusions</b>  This study provides data to drive efforts to improve pediatric ophthalmology fellowship Web sites. Pediatric ophthalmology fellowship Web sites are missing important information, and there are opportunities to improve program Web sites, regardless of program size, number of faculty, affiliation with a top residency, and geographic location. Informative, accurate Web sites may attract qualified candidates, and as a result, elevate the likelihood that interviewed candidates are well-suited to the program. As such, improvements to fellowship Web sites can streamline the application process and increase a program's success rate in the match.</p>","PeriodicalId":54826,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geology","volume":"69 1","pages":"e75-e79"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10804737/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82587064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Jurassic paleoclimate reconstruction and its influence on organic matter enrichment in Kuqa Depression, Tarim Basin","authors":"Xiujian Ding, Tianze Gao, Xianzhang Yang, Zhenping Xu, Changchao Chen, Keyu Liu, Xueqiu Zhang","doi":"10.1086/724747","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1086/724747","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54826,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geology","volume":"69 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41284187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Link Between Geographic Indication, Sustainability, and Multifunctionality: The Case of Table Olive Groves in Western Turkey.","authors":"Naciye Tok, Ferit Çobanoğlu, Renan Tunalıoğlu","doi":"10.1007/s10341-022-00801-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10341-022-00801-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>As in all branches of agricultural production, it is thought that the concepts of sustainability, geographical indication, and multifunctionality are very important in table olive farming. The main purpose of this study is to examine the holistic and organic link between geographic indication, sustainability, and multifunctionality parameters in table olive cultivation. Table olive production supplied by Manisa has unique attributes. Of the 12 varieties of table olives with geographical indication registration in Turkey, two belong to Akhisar district. These cultivars are named 'Akhisar Domat Zeytini' and 'Akhisar Uslu Zeytini'. Therefore, Akhisar district was chosen as the study area. A survey was conducted with a total of 121 olive farmers between February and July 2020. In the survey questions, besides continuous and discrete data, the answers and data obtained from the questions formed with the yes/no options were evaluated. Basic descriptive statistics such as arithmetic mean and percentage rates were used in the analysis. It can be emphasized that table olive farming in the region has become an important habit and culture that has a long cultivation experience. The effects of parameters such as marketing possibilities and price advantages are very important. The fertilization and plant protection practices are carried out in a coordinated manner in the region and with as little damage to the environment as possible. It is clarified that geographical indications are an important tool in the sustainability of table olive cultivation and that the principle of multifunctionality in agriculture is ensured by keeping the farmers in table olive farming.</p>","PeriodicalId":54826,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geology","volume":"64 1","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2022-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9798948/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82571088","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pliocene Drainage in Manitoba and Northwestern Ontario, Canada","authors":"R. V. Van Arsdale, Youngsang Kwon","doi":"10.1086/722972","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1086/722972","url":null,"abstract":"This study presents the restored Pliocene topography along northerly trending profiles in Manitoba, northwestern Ontario, eastern North Dakota, Minnesota, and western Wisconsin. A top-of-bedrock slope profile of the Red River/Lake Winnipeg/Nelson River and 19 south-trending landscape topographic and top-of-bedrock slope profiles of the region were made from published elevation data. These profiles reveal a clear change in slope and slope direction (flexure) in the top-of-bedrock elevation. The flexure axis trends southeasterly across Manitoba into northwestern Ontario. The profiles were then tilted southerly by lifting the profiles along the southern margin of Hudson Bay to restore remaining glacial isostatic rebound. When imposing a minimum 80 m of isostatic rebound to the Nelson River/Lake Winnipeg/Red River profile, the northern portion of the profile slopes north but the southern portion of the profile slopes south at 0.01%. When imposing a minimum 60 m of isostatic rebound to all 19 top-of-bedrock profiles, the bedrock slopes north to Hudson Bay northeast of the flexure; however, southwest of the flexure, the southern portions of the 19 top-of-bedrock profiles slope south. We interpret the flexure axis to have been the northern divide of the Pliocene Mississippi River basin in Manitoba and northwestern Ontario and the divide that will lie between the north-flowing Nelson River and south-flowing Red River with future glacial isostatic adjustment.","PeriodicalId":54826,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geology","volume":"130 1","pages":"465 - 474"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49623834","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Beyond Zircon: Incorporating Detrital Feldspar Pb Isotope Analysis into the Multiproxy Toolbox for Sedimentary Provenance Analysis—an Example from a Long-Lived Eastern Laurentian Clastic System","authors":"D. Moecher, E. Badenszki, J. Daly, D. Chew","doi":"10.1086/724287","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1086/724287","url":null,"abstract":"The common-Pb isotope composition (207Pb/204Pb vs. 206Pb/204Pb) of detrital K-feldspar was measured on the same clastic units from southeastern Laurentia that were previously characterized by detrital zircon and detrital monazite geochronology for provenance analysis. The purpose is to test a model that invokes late Paleozoic recycling of sediment initially sourced from erosion of exhuming Grenvillian basement in the Neoproterozoic. The approach takes advantage of the difference in Pb isotope compositions between Laurentian and Amazonian cratonic sources documented by previous workers. Neoproterozoic samples sourced from southern Amazonia and central Laurentian basement that serve as controls on methodology plot within Pb isotope space characteristic of their respective sources. K-feldspar in the Cryogenian Ocoee Supergroup in the southern Appalachian orogen falls within the field of Pb isotope compositions defined by south-central Appalachian basement (SCAB). The latter, in turn, exhibits Pb isotope compositions characteristic of Amazonia, because SCAB was transferred to Laurentia from Amazonia during Rodinian assembly. In contrast, K-feldspar in early Cambrian arenite falls within the Laurentian field, indicating a shift in the early Paleozoic to a sediment source from the Laurentian Craton. K-feldspar in Lower Pennsylvanian lithic arenites of the Central Appalachian Basin exhibit Pb isotope compositions that fall within the SCAB field but at higher Pb isotope ratios than in the inferred Ocoee sources. Incorporation of all provenance constraints requires an immediate source that is isotopically more radiogenic than the Ocoee but similar in all other petrologic and geochronologic characteristics, for example, other Cryogenian to Ediacaran units along strike in the Appalachian orogen. The results further demonstrate the importance of having multiple detrital mineral proxies for accurate provenance analysis rather than using detrital zircon geochronology alone.","PeriodicalId":54826,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geology","volume":"130 1","pages":"429 - 445"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49076081","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Postcollisional Ferani Volcanics from North Arabian–Nubian Shield (South Sinai, Egypt): Petrogenesis and Implication for Ediacaran (607–593 Ma) Geodynamic Evolution","authors":"Mabrouk Sami, M. Azer, A. Abdel-Karim","doi":"10.1086/724335","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1086/724335","url":null,"abstract":"The Ediacaran (607–593 Ma) Ferani volcanic rocks are exposed in South Sinai, at the extreme northern tip of the Arabian-Nubian Shield (ANS). The studied volcanics constitute a cogenetic continuous intermediate (andesite to dacite) to acid (rhyodacite to rhyolite) lava sequence with a high-K calc-alkaline metaluminous to slightly peraluminous nature. They contain a high concentration of large-ion lithophile elements (i.e., Ba, Rb, Pb, and Th), but lower contents of Nb, P, Ti, and Sr. They also have a general enrichment in light rare earth elements ((La/Sm)N=2.66–4.92), compared to heavy rare earth elements ((Gd/Yb)N=1.10–2.29), with a slightly negative Eu anomaly (Eu/Eu*=0.35–0.94). The cooling of the Ferani magma began at ∼1000°–1100°C and went to ∼700°C at low pressure (<5.1 kbar) and shallow crustal levels (<17 km), according to thermobarometric modeling. The low degree of partial melting of the mafic lower-crustal rocks could have produced the andesitic-dacitic magmas that ascended through the crust and fractionated, leading to the production of the early intermediate Ferani lavas. Progressive fractional crystallization of the intermediate melts could consequently have formed the rhyodacite and rhyolite melts, which were later erupted to form the upper acidic Ferani volcanic sequence. Petrological and geochemical features support a postcollisional setting of the Ferani volcanics. Lithospheric delamination is the main geodynamic process responsible for the formation of the Ferani volcanics during the postcollisional extensional stage in the northern ANS crust.","PeriodicalId":54826,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geology","volume":"130 1","pages":"475 - 498"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48977751","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}