Occupational Medicine-Oxford最新文献_第7页

Fertility and pregnancy complications in female orthopaedic surgeons. 骨科女医生的生育和妊娠并发症。

IF 2.4 4区医学

Occupational Medicine-Oxford Pub Date : 2024-09-23 DOI: 10.1093/occmed/kqae044

T Frenkel Rutenberg, E Daglan, N Shadmi, S D Iordache, Y Kosashvili, S Eylon

{"title":"Fertility and pregnancy complications in female orthopaedic surgeons.","authors":"T Frenkel Rutenberg, E Daglan, N Shadmi, S D Iordache, Y Kosashvili, S Eylon","doi":"10.1093/occmed/kqae044","DOIUrl":"10.1093/occmed/kqae044","url":null,"abstract":"Background: While the number of female medical graduates continues to increase, only a few pursue an orthopaedic career. This is related to challenges regarding pregnancy and the peripartum period during orthopaedic training.Aims: To evaluate fertility, pregnancy-related complications and attitudes towards female orthopaedic surgeons in Israel.Methods: An electronic anonymous 34-question electronic web-based survey was sent to all Israeli female orthopaedic surgeons. Participation was voluntary. Questions were formulated to determine demographics, obstetrics medical history, teratogenic exposure, medical leave and breastfeeding parameters along with attitude towards pregnancy.Results: Twenty-six orthopaedic surgeons complied with the survey, 68% of all registered female orthopaedic surgeons. Participants age was 39.5 (±8.8). The average number of children for a female orthopaedic surgeon was 2.2 (±1.4), with an average of 1.3 (±1.1) deliveries during residency. The average age for a first child was 31.1 (±3.7) years. Four surgeons required fertility treatments and six had abortions. Thirty-eight per cent experienced pregnancy complications. Most surgeons were exposed to radiation and bone cement during pregnancy. The average duration of maternity leave was 19.4 (±9.9) weeks and return to work was associated with cessation of breastfeeding. Seventy-six per cent of surgeons felt that pregnancy had negatively influenced their training, and 12% reported negative attitudes from colleagues and supervisors.Conclusions: Orthopaedic surgeons in Israel experience a delay in childbirth and higher rates of pregnancy complications. Most feel that their training is harmed by pregnancy. Programme directors should design a personalized support programme for female surgeons during pregnancy and the peripartum period.","PeriodicalId":54696,"journal":{"name":"Occupational Medicine-Oxford","volume":" ","pages":"403-408"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141082311","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Burnout: half a century of controversy. 职业倦怠：半个世纪的争议。

IF 2.4 4区医学

Occupational Medicine-Oxford Pub Date : 2024-09-23 DOI: 10.1093/occmed/kqae052

R Bianchi, I S Schonfeld

引用次数: 0

Night shift work and myocardial infarction in the UK Biobank. 英国生物数据库中的夜班工作与心肌梗塞。

IF 2.4 4区医学

Occupational Medicine-Oxford Pub Date : 2024-09-23 DOI: 10.1093/occmed/kqae045

M J Yang, Z W Jia, E Wang, J C Li, A M Tang, Z B Song, Z Zhang

{"title":"Night shift work and myocardial infarction in the UK Biobank.","authors":"M J Yang, Z W Jia, E Wang, J C Li, A M Tang, Z B Song, Z Zhang","doi":"10.1093/occmed/kqae045","DOIUrl":"10.1093/occmed/kqae045","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Shift work has become popular along with adverse effects such as disrupted biological rhythms, metabolic changes, sleep disorders and myocardial infarction. Studies have shown a link between myocardial infarction and shift work, but evidence is still lacking.Aims: We aim to explore the association between present and past shift work and risk of myocardial infarction in a large population of European workers.Methods: We analysed data from the UK Biobank with >500 000 participants and an average 12-year follow-up duration. Cox proportional hazard models were employed to analyse the relationship between present shift work (n = 265 064), lifetime duration or frequency of shift work (n = 71 428) and the risk of myocardial infarction, as well as the association between rest day during shift work and myocardial infarction incidents in night shift workers (n = 14 588).Results: Night shift workers had a higher risk of myocardial infarction compared to day workers, including 'shift but never/rarely night shifts' (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.09, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.00-1.20), 'some night shifts' (HR = 1.13, 95% CI 1.01-1.27) and 'usual/permanent night shifts' (HR = 1.21, 95% CI 1.07-1.37), respectively. Similarly, higher frequency and longer duration of night shift work were associated with the increased risk of myocardial infarction (<10 years: HR = 1.20, 95% CI 1.01-1.42; ≥10 years: HR = 1.51, 95% CI 1.28-1.77; or an average of more than eight nights per month: HR = 1.45, 95% CI 1.23-1.71). However, longer rest days couldn't decrease myocardial infarction risk compared to those who rest 1 day.Conclusions: Present and lifetime exposure to night shifts were associated with a risk of myocardial infarction and did not benefit from longer rest days.","PeriodicalId":54696,"journal":{"name":"Occupational Medicine-Oxford","volume":" ","pages":"409-416"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141472662","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Trends in occupational respiratory conditions with short latency in the UK. 英国潜伏期较短的职业性呼吸道疾病的发展趋势。

IF 2.4 4区医学

Occupational Medicine-Oxford Pub Date : 2024-09-23 DOI: 10.1093/occmed/kqae057

A Barradas, I Iskandar, M Carder, M Gittins, D Fishwick, M Seed, M van Tongeren

{"title":"Trends in occupational respiratory conditions with short latency in the UK.","authors":"A Barradas, I Iskandar, M Carder, M Gittins, D Fishwick, M Seed, M van Tongeren","doi":"10.1093/occmed/kqae057","DOIUrl":"10.1093/occmed/kqae057","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Occupational short-latency respiratory disease (SLRD; predominantly asthma, rhinitis, hypersensitivity pneumonitis, and occupational infections) prevalence is difficult to determine but certain occupations may be associated with increased susceptibility.Aims: This study aimed to examine which occupations and industries are currently at high risk for SLRD and determine their respective suspected causal agents.Methods: SLRD cases reported to the SWORD scheme between 1999 and 2019 were analysed to determine directly standardized rate ratios (SRR) by occupation against the average rate for all other occupations combined.Results: 'Bakers and flour confectioners' and 'vehicle spray painters' showed significantly raised SRR for SLRD in general, mostly due to occupational rhinitis (234.4; 95% CI 200.5-274.0) and asthma (63.5; 95% CI 51.5-78.3), respectively. Laboratory technicians also showed significantly raised SRR for occupational rhinitis (18.7; 95% CI 15.1-23.1), primarily caused by laboratory animals and insects. Metal machining setters and setter-operators showed increased SRR for occupational hypersensitivity pneumonitis (42.0; 95% CI 29.3-60.3), largely due to cutting/soluble oils. The occupation mostly affected by infectious disease was welding trades (12.9; 95% CI 5.7-29.3), mainly attributable to microbial pathogenicity.Conclusions: This study identified the occupational groups at increased risk of developing an SLRD based on data recorded over a recent two-decade period in the UK. Occupational asthma and rhinitis were identified as the prevailing conditions and hypersensitivity pneumonitis as a potentially rising respiratory problem in the metalworking industry.","PeriodicalId":54696,"journal":{"name":"Occupational Medicine-Oxford","volume":" ","pages":"430-437"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11419704/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142009904","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Impact of fatigue on work productivity and health-related job loss. 疲劳对工作效率和与健康相关的失业的影响。

IF 2.4 4区医学

Occupational Medicine-Oxford Pub Date : 2024-09-23 DOI: 10.1093/occmed/kqae056

G J Macfarlane, S D'Angelo, G Ntani, K Walker-Bone

{"title":"Impact of fatigue on work productivity and health-related job loss.","authors":"G J Macfarlane, S D'Angelo, G Ntani, K Walker-Bone","doi":"10.1093/occmed/kqae056","DOIUrl":"10.1093/occmed/kqae056","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Fatigue is commonly reported in population surveys and has been identified in patients with health conditions as a key co-morbidity which makes remaining in work challenging. Such patients, however, rarely have access to programmes to help them manage their fatigue.Aims: To quantify the relationship between fatigue, work impairment and health-related job loss.Methods: We use data from the Health and Employment After Fifty study, a longitudinal study of people aged 50-64 years when recruited through general practices in England in 2013-14. During follow-up, fatigue was measured using the Fatigue Assessment Scale, work impairment was assessed using the Work Productivity and Activity Impairment scale, and changes in employment status were recorded.Results: A total of 2743 participants were eligible for the current analysis; 23% satisfied criteria for being fatigued. People who were fatigued were less likely to have a partner, university degree, be physically active and were more likely to be obese. Their job was more likely to involve shifts, be perceived as insecure, have reported difficulties coping with job demands, and be unsatisfying. After adjustment for socio-economic, lifestyle and work-related factors, they were almost twice as likely to report both work impairment (relative risk 1.8; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.6, 2.1) and future health-related job loss, although the latter effect was only in those with other morbidities (incidence rate ratio 1.96; 95% CI 1.03-3.72).Conclusions: Providing evidence-based support for workers with health conditions who experience fatigue may have an important impact at a population level in terms of extending working lives.","PeriodicalId":54696,"journal":{"name":"Occupational Medicine-Oxford","volume":" ","pages":"423-429"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11419701/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141545599","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Line manager training and organizational approaches to supporting well-being. 直线经理培训和支持福利的组织方法。

IF 2.4 4区医学

Occupational Medicine-Oxford Pub Date : 2024-09-23 DOI: 10.1093/occmed/kqae051

T Dulal-Arthur, J Hassard, J Bourke, S Roper, M Wishart, V Belt, C Bartle, S Leka, N Pahl, L Thomson, H Blake

{"title":"Line manager training and organizational approaches to supporting well-being.","authors":"T Dulal-Arthur, J Hassard, J Bourke, S Roper, M Wishart, V Belt, C Bartle, S Leka, N Pahl, L Thomson, H Blake","doi":"10.1093/occmed/kqae051","DOIUrl":"10.1093/occmed/kqae051","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Employee mental health and well-being (MH&WB) is critical to the productivity and success of organizations. Training line managers (LMs) in mental health plays an important role in protecting and enhancing employee well-being, but its relationship with other MH&WB practices is under-researched.Aims: To determine whether organizations offering LM training in mental health differ in the adoption of workplace- (i.e. primary/prevention-focused) and worker-directed (including both secondary/resiliency-focused and tertiary/remedial-focused) interventions to those organizations not offering LM training and to explore changes in the proportions of activities offered over time.Methods: Secondary analysis of enterprise data from computer-assisted telephone interview surveys. The analysis included data from organizations in England across 4 years (2020: n = 1900; 2021: n = 1551; 2022: n = 1904; 2023: n = 1902).Results: Offering LM training in mental health was associated with organizations' uptake of primary-, secondary-, and tertiary-level MH&WB activities across all 4 years. The proportion of organizations offering primary-, secondary- and tertiary-level interventions increased over time. On average, tertiary-level activities were most adopted (2020: 80%; 2021: 81%; 2022: 84%; 2023: 84%), followed by primary-level activities (2020: 66%; 2021: 72%; 2022: 72%; 2023: 73%) and secondary-level activities (2020: 62%; 2021: 60%; 2022: 61%; 2023: 67%).Conclusions: Offering LM training in mental health is associated with the adoption of other MH&WB practices by organizations. Suggesting that organizations that are committed to the mental health agenda are more likely to take a holistic approach (including both worker and workplace strategies) to promoting workforce mental health, rather than providing LM training in isolation.","PeriodicalId":54696,"journal":{"name":"Occupational Medicine-Oxford","volume":" ","pages":"416-422"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11419705/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141592112","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Workplace ethical climate and its relationship with depression, anxiety and stress. 工作场所道德氛围及其与抑郁、焦虑和压力的关系。

IF 2.4 4区医学

Occupational Medicine-Oxford Pub Date : 2024-09-23 DOI: 10.1093/occmed/kqae065

I Borrelli, G Melcore, A Perrotta, P E Santoro, M F Rossi, U Moscato

{"title":"Workplace ethical climate and its relationship with depression, anxiety and stress.","authors":"I Borrelli, G Melcore, A Perrotta, P E Santoro, M F Rossi, U Moscato","doi":"10.1093/occmed/kqae065","DOIUrl":"10.1093/occmed/kqae065","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Ethical climate in the workplace has been highlighted to have an important impact on workers' mental health; the evaluation of workplace ethics and its impact on workers' health should be considered an occupational health issue.Aims: The present study aims to investigate ethical climate as perceived by workers, and its correlation with mental health outcomes, in particular, symptoms of depression, anxiety and stress.Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed by administering an online survey, investigating socio-demographic variables, workplace ethics (through the Italian short version of the Corporate Ethical Virtues questionnaire) and mental health outcomes (using the short version of the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale). Descriptive analyses, analyses of variance and regression models were performed; P-values were considered significant for values ≤0.05.Results: The sample included 176 workers; the mean age of participants was 46.22 years and 44% were males. The most represented job sector was health care (37%), and 42% of participants had college-level education. Ethical climate was significantly correlated with all mental health outcomes investigated in the study: anxiety (P ≤ 0.001), depression (P ≤ 0.05) and stress (P ≤ 0.05).Conclusions: Results from this study highlighted a significant correlation between workplace ethical climate and depression, anxiety and stress. This study underlines the importance of evaluating and improving ethical climate to prevent the onset of psychological distress in workers. Furthermore, results from this study should be a starting point for future research investigating the role of ethics and mental health in employees' turnover intention and job satisfaction.","PeriodicalId":54696,"journal":{"name":"Occupational Medicine-Oxford","volume":" ","pages":"449-454"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141762643","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Silicosis initially presenting with empyema. 矽肺病最初表现为肺水肿。

IF 2.4 4区医学

Occupational Medicine-Oxford Pub Date : 2024-09-23 DOI: 10.1093/occmed/kqae047

C Reynolds, C Ross, P Cullinan, P Blanc

引用次数: 0

Gastrointestinal cancer and occupational diesel exhaust exposure: a meta-analysis of cohort studies. 胃肠道癌症与职业性柴油机废气暴露：队列研究荟萃分析。

IF 2.4 4区医学

Occupational Medicine-Oxford Pub Date : 2024-09-23 DOI: 10.1093/occmed/kqae058

G Collatuzzo, F Teglia, P Boffetta

{"title":"Gastrointestinal cancer and occupational diesel exhaust exposure: a meta-analysis of cohort studies.","authors":"G Collatuzzo, F Teglia, P Boffetta","doi":"10.1093/occmed/kqae058","DOIUrl":"10.1093/occmed/kqae058","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Diesel exhaust exposure and cancer other than the lungs have been limitedly investigated.Aims: To conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis on the association between occupational exposure to diesel exhaust and gastrointestinal cancers.Methods: Two researchers performed a systematic literature review to identify all cohort studies on occupational exposure to diesel exhaust and risk of cancers other than lung. Of the 30 retained studies, 10 reported risk estimates for oesophageal, 18 on gastric, 15 on colon and 14 on rectal cancer. We performed random-effects meta-analyses to calculate summary relative risks (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for ever-exposure to diesel exhaust.Results: We calculated summary RR = 1.08 (95% CI 0.97-1.21, P heterogeneity = 0.06) for oesophageal, 1.06 (95% CI 0.99-1.14, P < 0.001) for gastric, 0.98 (95% CI 0.96-1.00, P = 0.453) for colon, and RR = 1.04 (95% CI 0.97-1.11, P = 0.013) for rectal cancer. Drivers showed an association with oesophageal (RR = 1.26, 95% CI 0.99-1.62), gastric (RR = 1.20, 95% CI 0.91-1.59) and rectal cancer (RR = 1.41, 95% CI 1.13-1.75); machine operators with oesophageal (RR = 1.09, 95% CI 1.00-1.20) and gastric (RR = 1.15, 95% CI 1.10-1.20) and handlers with oesophageal cancer (RR = 1.95, 95% CI 1.23-3.09). Studies from Europe revealed an association with gastric cancer while those from North America did not (P < 0.05). No difference was found by quality score except for gastric cancer, where high-quality studies but not low-quality ones showed increased risk (P heterogeneity = 0.04). There was no evidence of publication bias.Conclusions: An increased but insignificant risk of oesophageal, gastric and rectal, but not colon cancer, was suggested in workers exposed to diesel exhaust. Residual confounding cannot be excluded.","PeriodicalId":54696,"journal":{"name":"Occupational Medicine-Oxford","volume":"74 6","pages":"438-448"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142309070","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Occupational exposures and sarcoidosis: a rapid review of the evidence. 职业暴露与肉样瘤病：证据快速回顾。

IF 2.4 4区医学

Occupational Medicine-Oxford Pub Date : 2024-09-23 DOI: 10.1093/occmed/kqae062

L Christine Oliver, Paul Sampara, Andrew Zarnke, Janice Martell

引用次数: 0