Outlook on Agriculture最新文献_第6页

An innovation systems approach to understanding forage adoption intensity in the dairy systems of Kenya and Ethiopia 一种创新系统方法来了解肯尼亚和埃塞俄比亚乳制品系统中的牧草采用强度

IF 3 3区经济学

Outlook on Agriculture Pub Date : 2023-05-07 DOI: 10.1177/00307270231171712

Rosie Morrison, N. Teufel, A. Duncan, A. Barnes

引用次数: 0

The individual empowerment Index (IEI): A new approach for empowerment measures 个人赋权指数(IEI):赋权措施的新方法

IF 3 3区经济学

Outlook on Agriculture Pub Date : 2023-04-03 DOI: 10.1177/00307270231165321

Florent Mahoukede Kinkingninhoun Medagbe, Anne Floquet, G. Mujawamariya, R. Mongbo

{"title":"The individual empowerment Index (IEI): A new approach for empowerment measures","authors":"Florent Mahoukede Kinkingninhoun Medagbe, Anne Floquet, G. Mujawamariya, R. Mongbo","doi":"10.1177/00307270231165321","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00307270231165321","url":null,"abstract":"Over the last three decades, many research works have been conducted to define and measure the complex and composite concept of empowerment. However, an individual empowerment tool is still needed, to be applied for any disadvantaged group, women, youths (male or female), poor, etc., or any economic sector, and which can be more suitable for rigorous impact assessment studies. This paper contributes to the growing empowerment literature by providing a new multi-domain, survey-based empowerment measurement tool, the individual empowerment index (IEI). The IEI is unique in its characterization and construction. It combines individual empowerment scores in six empowerment domains: production, household livelihood, resources, income, leadership, and time allocation. It is a flexible and survey-based empowerment parameter that can be generated at individual, household community or country levels, or for any target social category. The IEI is constructed through a specific methodology based on a scale survey with an ordinal variable principle and a general process for construction of domain indicators. A key advantage of the IEI is that different household members (even husband and wife) can have different IEIs and statuses. Findings from applying the IEI approach to data collected from 1120 West-African lowland rice farmers show that lowland rice farmers globally achieved on average 71% of their full empowerment potential with only 40% of them found to be globally empowered. Female farmers were found to have lower control over their lives and were less than male farmers to be empowered. IEI estimates and comparison between WIEI and other women empowerment indexes estimates show reasonable correspondence despite the difference in the methodology and can hold for the validity of the IEI. The new IEI is a suitable tool and is recommended for quantitative and rigorous impact assessment and monitoring of programs and projects empowerment indicators.","PeriodicalId":54661,"journal":{"name":"Outlook on Agriculture","volume":"52 1","pages":"228 - 240"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46132949","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Informing the design of a multistakeholder platform in Ghana using stakeholder analysis and social network analysis 利用利益相关者分析和社会网络分析，为加纳多利益相关者平台的设计提供信息

IF 3 3区经济学

Outlook on Agriculture Pub Date : 2023-03-21 DOI: 10.1177/00307270231165323

T. B. Aremu, C. Freeman, A. Laamari, Y. Iddrisu, W. Atakora, P. Bindraban

{"title":"Informing the design of a multistakeholder platform in Ghana using stakeholder analysis and social network analysis","authors":"T. B. Aremu, C. Freeman, A. Laamari, Y. Iddrisu, W. Atakora, P. Bindraban","doi":"10.1177/00307270231165323","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00307270231165323","url":null,"abstract":"The fertiliser value chain in Ghana faces many challenges that limit its potential contribution to food production and food security in the country. This has necessitated discussions on the need to establish a multi-stakeholder platform to address existing value chain challenges. In preparation for this platform, this study conducted 31 interviews and identified 24 stakeholder groups in the fertiliser value chain using stakeholder analysis and social network analysis. We found that while many of the public sector stakeholders have a lot of power and show high interest in the fertiliser value chain, they usually face resource constraints in exercising their duties. Conversely, a majority of the private sector stakeholders have a high interest in fertilisers but do not have much power to influence decisions. Also, development partners are very powerful and resourceful, but practically, they have a temporary presence in the value chain. The study subsequently combined the results from stakeholder analysis and social network analysis and identified 19 critical stakeholders out of the initial 24 who can highly influence the initial planning and subsequent success of the platform. Lastly, the study identified challenges that the platform may face and the conditions to put in place to avoid/address these identified challenges. Overall, the study concludes that if the identified critical stakeholders are engaged and the platform clearly outlines its objectives and vision, it can address the challenges in the fertiliser value chain, contribute to the development of the general agriculture sector and improve food production and food security in Ghana.","PeriodicalId":54661,"journal":{"name":"Outlook on Agriculture","volume":"52 1","pages":"126 - 139"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42585059","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The role of forest extraction in the livelihood strategies of Indonesian smallholder cattle farmers 森林采伐在印尼小农养牛户生计策略中的作用

IF 3 3区经济学

Outlook on Agriculture Pub Date : 2023-03-14 DOI: 10.1177/00307270231161652

E. Nugroho, R. Ihle, S. Oosting, W. Heijman

引用次数: 0

Beef cattle production systems and constraints among subsistence farmers across the Fijian windward–leeward divide 斐济逆风-背风分水岭上的肉牛生产系统和自给农民的制约因素

IF 3 3区经济学

Outlook on Agriculture Pub Date : 2023-03-05 DOI: 10.1177/00307270231162116

Shelvindra Singh, A. Bakare, P. Iji, T. Zindove

{"title":"Beef cattle production systems and constraints among subsistence farmers across the Fijian windward–leeward divide","authors":"Shelvindra Singh, A. Bakare, P. Iji, T. Zindove","doi":"10.1177/00307270231162116","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00307270231162116","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of the study was to describe beef production systems and constraints among subsistence farmers across the Fijian windward–leeward divide. Data were collected from a total of 200 beef cattle owners from windward and leeward locations (100 each) using a structured questionnaire. In both geographical regions, the heads of the households were mostly males and married. Cattle were ranked as the most important species of livestock kept in both leeward and windward areas. In both leeward and windward locations, cattle were mainly kept as a source of income and draught power. Challenges to cattle production differed with the production environment. The major challenges faced by cattle farmers in leeward locations were drought and pasture shortage while farmers in windward locations mainly had theft and disease cases. The odds ratio of Hindu farmers practicing tethering as a grazing method was five times higher than Christian farmers (p < 0.05). Farmers with medium pieces of land were 14 times more likely to use paddocks for grazing their cattle than those with small pieces of land (p < 0.05). Farmers in both leeward and windward locations mostly kept non-descript cattle breeds (>60%) and did not control mating. It was concluded that challenges faced by farmers differed with the production environment but feeding and breeding practices were the same across windward and leeward management locations.","PeriodicalId":54661,"journal":{"name":"Outlook on Agriculture","volume":"52 1","pages":"140 - 152"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45784769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Are common bean traders efficient? An empirical evidence from Malawi 普通的豆商有效率吗？马拉维的经验证据

IF 3 3区经济学

Outlook on Agriculture Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.1177/00307270231155256

M. Chitete, W. Mgomezulu, Mercy Bwanaisa, H. Phiri, J. Dzanja

{"title":"Are common bean traders efficient? An empirical evidence from Malawi","authors":"M. Chitete, W. Mgomezulu, Mercy Bwanaisa, H. Phiri, J. Dzanja","doi":"10.1177/00307270231155256","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00307270231155256","url":null,"abstract":"Efficient agricultural markets can be a bedrock for diverse economy-wide benefits ranging from improvements in resource use to price stabilisation. However, as is the case with most developing and agrarian countries, Malawi's agricultural markets are still developing. This is mainly the case in the country's legume markets, especially the bean marketing system. The current study assessed the market efficiency of common bean traders in Malawi using a multiple linear regression model. By focusing on the bean traders in the major markets in Malawi, the study departs from earlier research on bean marketing, which has placed greater emphasis on the farmer. The findings reveal that traders in bean markets mostly use informal sources of market information. Again, transaction costs such as transportation, storage, handling and distance to sources of bean reduce marketing efficiency. The scale of the operation portrayed a positive influence on marketing efficiency. Access to credit significantly increased marketing efficiency for both wholesalers and retailers. In addition, markets that are located in rural areas had a negative effect on marketing efficiency as compared to markets in urban areas, further agreeing with the focus of the National Agriculture Policy (NAP) to introduce structured markets in rural areas. The study recommends adjustments in policies in the NAP that would promote smooth access to reliable market information, especially in rural areas. The upgrading of the rural road system and warehousing facilities should be promoted in order to lower transaction costs. This will enable bean traders to expand their operations on a larger scale while also lowering expenses and increasing profits.","PeriodicalId":54661,"journal":{"name":"Outlook on Agriculture","volume":"52 1","pages":"47 - 56"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49075365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Sustainable intensification and household dietary diversity in maize-based farming systems of Zambia and Zimbabwe 赞比亚和津巴布韦玉米农业系统的可持续集约化和家庭膳食多样性

IF 3 3区经济学

Outlook on Agriculture Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.1177/00307270221150660

Hambulo Ngoma, Esau Simutowe, Mark Manyanga, C. Thierfelder

{"title":"Sustainable intensification and household dietary diversity in maize-based farming systems of Zambia and Zimbabwe","authors":"Hambulo Ngoma, Esau Simutowe, Mark Manyanga, C. Thierfelder","doi":"10.1177/00307270221150660","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00307270221150660","url":null,"abstract":"With only four years before the end date for the United Nations Decade of Action on Nutrition, the need to identify nutrition-sensitive and sustainable agricultural interventions that can address hunger and malnutrition cannot be more urgent. This paper assesses associations between sustainable intensification practices and dietary diversity in maize-based farming systems of Zambia and Zimbabwe. Using survey data from 1124 households, we apply an instrumental variable approach that allows to control for the fact that farmers self-select themselves into adopting sustainable intensification practices, making adoption endogenous. We also explore pathways from intensification to dietary diversity. We find significant positive associations between the adoption intensity of sustainable intensification practices (SIPs) such as minimum tillage, minimum tillage and crop rotation, and minimum tillage and intercrops and improved production and crop diversity and in turn, dietary diversity on average. These findings hinge on there being widespread adoption of SIPs. There is need for concerted efforts to address current bottlenecks that hinder widespread adoption and promote broader food group diversification to realize the nutrition related co-benefits associated with sustainable intensification.","PeriodicalId":54661,"journal":{"name":"Outlook on Agriculture","volume":"52 1","pages":"34 - 46"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48073577","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Multiplier effects of some complementary agricultural practices: Evidence from rice in Ecuador 一些互补农业实践的乘数效应:来自厄瓜多尔水稻的证据

IF 3 3区经济学

Outlook on Agriculture Pub Date : 2023-02-28 DOI: 10.1177/00307270231160241

Silverio Alarcón, Víctor H. Lema

{"title":"Multiplier effects of some complementary agricultural practices: Evidence from rice in Ecuador","authors":"Silverio Alarcón, Víctor H. Lema","doi":"10.1177/00307270231160241","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00307270231160241","url":null,"abstract":"Rice is a crop that contributes significantly both to food security and to ensure adequate income levels for farmers. This motivates efforts in many countries to disseminate techniques that increase production while being environmentally friendly and affordable to small farmers. The objective of this article is to study the process of adoption of innovations in rice cultivation in Ecuador. Four practices that increase yields and improve natural resource management have been selected: land leveling, certified seed, widely spaced transplanting, and the use of harvesting machinery. The factors that most influence their adoption are studied for each of them: human and social capital, and institutional support for agriculture. In addition, the interrelations of some practices with others are analyzed. Multivariate probit estimation shows that education is the main factor that increases the probability of adopting these practices. And with unequal incidence are associationism, access to credit and insurance. The complementarities found between different practices point to the convenience of promoting them jointly to take advantage of their synergies.","PeriodicalId":54661,"journal":{"name":"Outlook on Agriculture","volume":"52 1","pages":"163 - 173"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45305135","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Commercial uses of antitranspirants in crop production: A review 抗蒸腾剂在作物生产中的商业应用综述

IF 3 3区经济学

Outlook on Agriculture Pub Date : 2023-02-07 DOI: 10.1177/00307270231155257

Wiza Mphande, A. Farrell, P. Kettlewell

{"title":"Commercial uses of antitranspirants in crop production: A review","authors":"Wiza Mphande, A. Farrell, P. Kettlewell","doi":"10.1177/00307270231155257","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00307270231155257","url":null,"abstract":"Global food security is at risk due to the predicted climate change, making it imperative for agronomists to provide adaptive technologies that will sustain and improve food production. Rainfed agriculture, prone to drought, covers an estimated 80% of global cropland. One of the adaptive technologies is the use of antitranspirants – products that are applied on plants to reduce transpirational water loss and increase crop performance under drought conditions. The benefits of improving antitranspirant adoption in drought mitigation are expected to be high, especially in many drought-prone low-income countries where crop production is almost wholly dependent on rainfall. The objective of this article was to review the commercial uses of antitranspirants in food and non-food crop production. The review revealed that in horticulture, antitranspirants have several commercial uses, in addition to drought mitigation, such as transplanting shock amelioration, protection of fruit against sunburn, enhancement of nutritional quality, synchronising fruit ripening, protection of fruit and nut trees against diseases. Use of antitranspirants in arable farming has been neglected for three main reasons: first, arable crops have lower market value, for example, in Melbourne (Australia) in October 2022, a tonne of grapes was worth US$ 2694.82 compared to US$ 277/tonne of wheat. Second, molecular genetics applied to crop breeding has risen as an alternative approach to drought mitigation, shifting attention from antitranspirants. Finally, the erroneous research conclusion in the 1970s that antitranspirants could not increase yield because they reduced photosynthesis discouraged commercialisation of antitranspirants in arable farming. An antitranspirant breakthrough to either lower the cost or create a multi-purpose product is needed for the production of arable crops, especially major cereals, as has been the case for non-drought amelioration uses in horticulture.","PeriodicalId":54661,"journal":{"name":"Outlook on Agriculture","volume":"52 1","pages":"3 - 10"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48534945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Conservation agriculture practices improve crop productivity and farm profitability when adopted by Bangladeshi smallholders in the Eastern Gangetic Plain 恒河平原东部的孟加拉国小农户采用保护性农业做法可提高作物生产力和农场盈利能力

IF 3 3区经济学

Outlook on Agriculture Pub Date : 2023-01-12 DOI: 10.1177/00307270221150830

M. A. Monayem Miah, R. Bell, Enamul Haque, Md. Wakilur Rahman, Md Abdur Rouf Sarkar, M. Rashid

{"title":"Conservation agriculture practices improve crop productivity and farm profitability when adopted by Bangladeshi smallholders in the Eastern Gangetic Plain","authors":"M. A. Monayem Miah, R. Bell, Enamul Haque, Md. Wakilur Rahman, Md Abdur Rouf Sarkar, M. Rashid","doi":"10.1177/00307270221150830","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00307270221150830","url":null,"abstract":"In research settings in the Eastern Gangetic Plain, Conservation Agriculture (CA) reduces operational costs, including cost for machinery, labour and fuel, while increasing yields, profit and soil organic carbon. However, the impact of the CA practices when adopted by smallholder farms on their crop productivity and farm profitability in this region is not well understood. In three locations in Rajshahi and Thakurgaon districts, Bangladesh, where previous on-farm CA research and demonstrations had been focused, we assessed the adoption and impacts of CA technologies on 135 farms compared to 270 non-adopters. While the CA technology adoption is still ongoing in the study areas, those farmers who practiced CA technology decreased human labour by up to 34%, seed use by 31%, fertilisers by 6%, pesticides by 32%, and total cost of production up to 10% while cultivating lentil, mustard, maize and wheat. The respective increases in crop yield and net profit were up to 28% and 43%, respectively. Propensity score matching (PSM) methods further confirmed that CA technology adoption had significant impacts by increasing crop yield, reducing variable costs, and increasing adopters’ net income. Given the striking on-farm benefits of CA for smallholders in the EGP, programmes to expand the availability of minimum tillage planters, provide training to local service providers on CA methods, and the use of smart incentives should be evaluated to assist farmers to adopt CA seeding machinery and associated agronomic practices.","PeriodicalId":54661,"journal":{"name":"Outlook on Agriculture","volume":"52 1","pages":"11 - 21"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47536492","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0