Ostrich最新文献

{"title":"Local perceptions and sociocultural value of Hooded Vultures Necrosyrtes monachus in Burkina Faso, West Africa","authors":"Clément Daboné, A. Ouéda, Lindy J. Thompson, J. B. Adjakpa, P. Weesie","doi":"10.2989/00306525.2022.2120558","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2989/00306525.2022.2120558","url":null,"abstract":"Hooded Vultures have suffered from dramatic population declines in recent decades owing to anthropogenic pressures. To properly address this threat, the sociocultural perspectives towards this species should be considered. We examined peoples' perceptions, knowledge and beliefs on Hooded Vulture's sociocultural values in Burkina Faso through face to face surveys at 20 sites spread across the country. A total of 900 interviews (with 600 householders and 300 butchers) revealed valuable knowledge and an overall positive perception of Hooded Vultures. More than 72% (n = 653) of interviewees (mostly Mossi, Bissa and Gourmatche ethnic groups) regarded Hooded Vultures as important, venerated and sacred birds, and we received no reports of Hooded Vultures attacking livestock-which is all beneficial to their conservation. Conversely, a minority of interviewees (12%, n = 108) believed that Hooded Vultures are harmful, but the reasons provided for this view were insubstantial. Nevertheless, the negative views towards Hooded Vultures should be urgently examined. Furthermore, the vast majority of respondents (84%, n = 753) viewed Hooded Vulture populations as having decreased and the main reasons provided were decreasing food availability, intentional killing using poisoned baits for beliefmbased use, habitat loss or degradation, and unintentional poisoning. Interestingly, most respondents (84%, n = 760) were acutely aware of the imminence of the Hooded Vulture's possible extinction and are willing to take conservation measures, suggesting both support and eventual success for conservation actions in this area. The key actions suggested by local communities are valuable for vulture conservation and include severely punishing poachers, supplying safe food for Hooded Vultures, preserving and restoring habitat, and raising awareness of Hooded Vulture conservation.","PeriodicalId":54655,"journal":{"name":"Ostrich","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48686384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The African Bird Atlas Project: a description of the project and BirdMap data-collection protocol","authors":"Michael Brooks, Sanjo Rose, R. Altwegg, Alan T. K. Lee, Henk Nel, U. Ottosson, E. Retief, C. Reynolds, P. Ryan, Sidney Shema, T. Tende, L. Underhill, R. Thomson","doi":"10.2989/00306525.2022.2125097","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2989/00306525.2022.2125097","url":null,"abstract":"The African Bird Atlas Project (ABAP) is a citizen-science bird-monitoring programme that relies on a robust, repeatable protocol (BirdMap) and allows insights into the distributions of African birds and their conservation. The protocol involves collecting bird lists within spatial sampling units called pentads (5 × 5 minutes of latitude by longitude), in relation to survey effort. It is based on the Second Southern African Bird Atlas Project (SABAP2), which is one of Africa’s largest citizen science projects, with over 600 thousand checklists, comprising ∼19 million bird locality records as of December 2021. SABAP2, which focuses on southern Africa, was initiated in 2007 and is ongoing. Both the Kenya Bird Map and the Nigerian Bird Atlas Project, initiated in 2013 and 2015, respectively, use this protocol. These projects have galvanised local birdwatching communities and allow for important comparisons across sub-Saharan African countries. The spatial scope of ABAP covers the entire African continent. Bird species lists are collected by citizen scientists within a pentad, with each list encompassing a minimum of 2 hours of active birding over a maximum of 5 days in the preferred ‘full-protocol’ format. Lists that do not meet the full protocol requirements are called ‘ad-hoc’. Species lists are mostly submitted to the SABAP2 database at the University of Cape Town, South Africa, by the third-party mobile phone application BirdLasser. Incoming data are vetted against existing records, with unusual records verified by Regional Atlas Committees. Data are open access via public websites. Distributional records can be downloaded for each species in the database, or site-specific species lists in various formats can be downloaded for pentads. Here, we introduce technical details of the database to inform researchers on how the data are gathered and curated. Data-access protocols are explained, with examples of data use given from the publication record.","PeriodicalId":54655,"journal":{"name":"Ostrich","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45224773","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Why the taxonomy of francolins and spurfowls (Galliformes, Phasianidae) needs revision: responses to Hustler (2021) and Hunter et al. (2021a,b)","authors":"T. Crowe, Tshifhiwa G. Mandiwana-Neudani, R. Little, R. Bowie","doi":"10.2989/00306525.2022.2120921","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2989/00306525.2022.2120921","url":null,"abstract":"1 FitzPatrick Institute of African Ornithology, DSI-NRF Centre of Excellence, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa 2 Department of Biodiversity, University of Limpopo, Sovenga, South Africa 3 Museum of Vertebrate Zoology and Department of Integrative Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California, United States of America * Correspondence: timothy.crowe@uct.ac.za","PeriodicalId":54655,"journal":{"name":"Ostrich","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46325867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Distribution and breeding numbers of a recently split species, the West African Crested Tern Thalasseus albididorsalis","authors":"J. Veen, Ahmed Amarejeyat, Mohamed Aziz el Agbani, M. Camara, Hanneke Dallmeijer, Y. Diawara, M. S. Diop, A. Diouf, Eelke Folmer, N. Gomis, Valentin Mansali, Hamilton Monteira, Moussa Samb, Lamin Manneh, Effoleming Manga, T. Veen, W. Mullié","doi":"10.2989/00306525.2022.2135627","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2989/00306525.2022.2135627","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigated the distribution, numbers and conservation threats of the West African Crested Tern, which was recently elevated to full species after it was split from the Royal Tern with an American and African subspecies. In the period 1998–2019, a total of 13 West African coastal islands were identified as breeding localities, stretching from Mauritania to Guinea. All the islands are isolated, usually sandy and subject to erosion. There was great yearly variation in the numbers of breeding pairs within and between sites. A complete census of all breeding locations in 2015 and 2019 resulted in estimates of 79 000 and 77 000 pairs, respectively. The threats identified are predation, human disturbance, nest flooding and loss of breeding habitat as a result of coastal erosion. Predation of eggs and chicks by Sacred Ibises and especially Great White Pelicans may heavily impact on the species’ breeding output. Human disturbance is slight because most of the breeding islands are within protected areas. Flooding of nests has increasingly been observed in recent years, occurring at nine of 11 islands occupied by the terns in 2015. Most islands are subject to erosion, which has resulted in substantial loss of suitable breeding habitat over the 22-year study period. Two important islands have become completely unsuitable. We conclude that West African Crested Terns have an uncertain future. Food shortage resulting from industrial fishing is suspected, and the effects of climate change might negatively impact on habitat suitability and food availability. Monitoring of the total population at three-year intervals is recommended.","PeriodicalId":54655,"journal":{"name":"Ostrich","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45886677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"African–Eurasian birds: our birds, their birds, or OUR birds?","authors":"S. T. Osinubi","doi":"10.2989/00306525.2022.2140518","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2989/00306525.2022.2140518","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54655,"journal":{"name":"Ostrich","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46673489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The pros and cons of a virtual conference: the first virtual International Ornithological Congress held in 2022","authors":"C. Downs, W. Cresswell, Liza Monteiro, Joanne Bezuidenhout, Nina Freysen-Pretorious, Alan Tristram Kenneth Lee, Preshnee Singh, S. Willows‐Munro","doi":"10.2989/00306525.2022.2140722","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2989/00306525.2022.2140722","url":null,"abstract":"Scientific conferences are essential for exchanging ideas and knowledge among scientific communities (Sarvenaz 2020). They are important for sharing new ideas, discussion and networking, and traditionally involve face-to-face, live interactions. However, the number of congresses that have been presented in an alternative virtual format has increased exponentially with the restrictions imposed by the global COVID-19 pandemic (N Freysen-Pretorious, pers. obs.; Kuehne et al. 2022). As a result, there has been a plethora of publications assessing the implications of changing to a virtual format for a diverse range of disciplines, including the biological sciences (Barral 2020; Pacchioni 2020; van der Wal et al. 2022; Skiles et al. 2022; Kuehne et al. 2022). Many highlight how these virtual conferences raise accessibility, inclusiveness, interactions, and affordability, especially for women and early-career researchers. In addition, many highlight that virtual conferences will provide shortand long-term benefits for scientific communities. ‘Online access during the pandemic widened participation in scientific conferences for women, young scientists and those from lowand middle-income countries, and should be continued.’ (Johnson 2022) But some publications have also highlighted the negatives of virtual conferences, in particular, how some people are less likely to submit an abstract or attend a virtual conference and how professional development can be hindered (Woodruff et al. 2021). The International Ornithologists’ Union (IOU) has convened the world’s largest summits on avian biology since its first Congress in 1884. The International Ornithological Congress is held every four years to promote international cooperation in ornithological research, and was meant to occur in person in Durban, South Africa, in 2022. The IOU partnered with the University of KwaZulu-Natal to organise the 28th IOCongress® from 15 to 19 August 2022. The 22nd Congress was first held in Africa in 1998 (Berruti 1998), and almost 25 years later, we were looking forward to hosting it again in Africa. The organisation began in 2020; however, in January 2022, the decision to go virtual was taken primarily because of the probability of COVID-19 disrupting travel, and the economic downturn made it likely that a live conference would result in a substantial financial loss to the organisers. The Conference Company contracted Centium Events Air to host the conference fully virtually. This was the first time this IOCongress had taken place virtually, and the pros and cons were carefully considered. We have documented some of these here.","PeriodicalId":54655,"journal":{"name":"Ostrich","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46051416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A comparison of migrant and resident bird population changes in South Africa using citizen science data: trends in relation to Northern Hemisphere distribution","authors":"Alan T. K. Lee, Sophie AJ Hammer","doi":"10.2989/00306525.2022.2145383","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2989/00306525.2022.2145383","url":null,"abstract":"Many species of migratory birds have been declining on the Palearctic-African flyways in recent decades due to human population pressure and land-use intensification. Models predict that the declining trends of migratory birds will continue into the foreseeable future across much of Africa, likely exacerbated by climate change. While sub-Saharan Africa is viewed as less important for these migrants than the Sahel, the region still receives many migrant species. We use the citizen science Southern African Bird Atlas Project data sets (SABAP1 and SABAP2) to determine relative change between atlas periods (1987–1991; 2007–2021). Firstly, we validate our metrics of population change on a dataset of 581 species that occur frequently in South Africa, Lesotho and Eswatini by examining change in relation to migratory status (Palearctic, Intra-Africa or Resident) and other species’ traits. We found greatest declines in migrants but with magnitudes not as great as expected, with largest relative decreases for Palearctic migrants, and little difference between Intra-Africa migrants and residents. Declines were best described by size independent of migratory status, even when controlling for phylogeny. For the set of Palearctic migrants, we then examine if change is related to Northern Hemisphere distribution. We found greater decreases for birds with breeding grounds in southern Asia (India and south-eastern Asia) relative to Europe. These results are useful for conservation agencies wishing to extend ties to relevant researchers and conservationists in these regions, and highlights potential challenge areas for this set of birds on their breeding grounds.","PeriodicalId":54655,"journal":{"name":"Ostrich","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44388791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Aspects of the nonbreeding ecology of the Tree Pipit Anthus trivialis in and around Amurum Forest Reserve, Jos Plateau, Nigeria","authors":"Taiwo A Adams, S. Ivande, M. Wilson","doi":"10.2989/00306525.2022.2113167","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2989/00306525.2022.2113167","url":null,"abstract":"To advance our knowledge about the nonbreeding ecology of the Tree Pipit Anthus trivialis, this study investigated its population dynamics, habitat utilisation and foraging behaviour, from October to December 2018, in and around the Amurum Forest Reserve, located in the guinea savannah zone of Nigeria, West Africa. The study area comprises four main habitat types: gallery forest, rocky outcrop, savannah and farmland. Distance sampling along six transect lines (total length ∼14.2 km) were used to estimate Tree Pipit abundance and density, while habitat utilisation and foraging behaviour were determined from 222 focal observations. Tree Pipit density in the study area averaged about 1 ind. ha-1 and differed significantly between habitats, being highest in savannah, followed by rocky outcrop, farmland and gallery forest. The vegetation characteristics percentage of grass cover, fruiting and flowering plants, and shrubs, as well as insect abundance, significantly influenced the distribution of Tree Pipits in the reserve. Tree Pipits were seen capturing their prey using two foraging techniques, of which gleaning on the ground was the most frequently observed. Variation in Tree Pipit abundance across the three-month study period suggests that many may have been on passage, with relatively few individuals remaining in the area as winter residents.","PeriodicalId":54655,"journal":{"name":"Ostrich","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43927691","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hilery Desmond Jackson: ornithologist and museologist","authors":"R. Mark Brigham, Peter Locke","doi":"10.2989/00306525.2022.2128559","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2989/00306525.2022.2128559","url":null,"abstract":"Ostrich is co-published by NISC (Pty) Ltd and Informa UK Limited (trading as Taylor & Francis Group) Hilery Desmond Jackson, called Desmond and known as Des, was the only son of Clifford and Pat Jackson. He was born on 9 March 1935, in Balfour, Transvaal South Africa. He matriculated in 1951 with a distinction in mathematics. His early working career featured stints at the Department of Justice in Pretoria, then Coronation Collieries in Witbank where he was a Learner Official, doing mainly surveying. He spent 1954 doing the first year of a BSc (Mining Engineering) before returning to Coronation Collieries in 1955. He worked for the City of Johannesburg in 1956 as Technical Assistant doing surveying and drafting, mainly on road layouts, sewerage and water reticulations. He spent two years in Witbank in the same capacity. In 1959, Des joined the Grain Marketing Board of Southern Rhodesia (now Zimbabwe) in Salisbury (now Harare) as a planning officer, and remained there until 1969. As a young man, Des spent much time flying for recreation and bird watching. The latter eventually became his primary pursuit and led to his career in ornithology. He was hired by the National Museums of Rhodesia as Keeper of Zoology in Umtali in 1970 and, when the long serving Curator of Umtali Museum (Donald Broadley) opted to relinquish his administrative role and revert to Keeper of Herpetology in 1973, the reins were handed over to Des who remained in that post until 1978. (Keepers of a department and Curators of museums were subsequently re-designated as Curators and Directors respectively.) He spent until 1974 collecting, processing and doing research on zoological specimens and undertaking an avifaunal survey of the Umtali Municipal Area, in particular the nightjars. Field expeditions took him all over Rhodesia and Malawi, and to parts of Zambia, Mozambique and Kenya. Detailed fieldwork on nightjars was carried out 50 km south of Umtali for several months each year from 1972 to 1975. After 1974, he focussed on Museum administration and development. As was his approach to all tasks, Des accepted the challenge with relish and introduced many new concepts and ideas into the running of the museum and, especially, the manner in which it interacted with the local community. This was a novel idea and Des was ahead of his time in this respect. He maintained that he wanted to dispel the stereotypical image of a Museum Curator as a bespectacled man in a white dust coat with a yellow duster in hand! Des correctly understood that for a museum to be successful in a small community, the local population needed to share and participate in its activities. To this end he created the Umtali Museum Scientific and Cultural Association (UMSCA), which all the small and fragmented clubs and societies in the city were invited to join. Under UMSCA’s ‘umbrella’, the clubs that were not viable on their own, joined forces, had a permanent meeting place, and contributed to a monthly magazine ","PeriodicalId":54655,"journal":{"name":"Ostrich","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43444587","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cinereous Vulture Aegypius monachus movements between Europe and Africa show a pattern across the Strait of Gibraltar","authors":"J. Ramírez, Javier Elorriaga, Andrés de la Cruz","doi":"10.2989/00306525.2022.2103195","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2989/00306525.2022.2103195","url":null,"abstract":"The biology of the Cinereous Vulture Aegypius monachus is well known across its breeding range, and the species’ dispersal and movements throughout Europe are widely recorded. However, the ecology of this vulture south of the Mediterranean Sea has been overlooked, probably owing to the belief that the presence of Cinereous Vultures in North Africa derives from dispersal behaviour. Data from raptor watch records demonstrate a pattern of Cinereous Vultures flying to Africa in the autumn and returning to Europe in the spring, which does not fit with a dispersal movement. Furthermore, once in Africa, the destination of Cinereous Vultures is the Sahel Belt, where other vulture species, namely the Egyptian Vulture Neophron percnopterus and Griffon Vulture Gyps fulvus, also overwinter.","PeriodicalId":54655,"journal":{"name":"Ostrich","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42715127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}