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Flexural strength of post-tensioned concrete-filled fiber-reinforced polymer rectangular tube beams 后张纤维增强聚合物混凝土矩形管梁的抗弯强度
IF 1.1 4区 工程技术
PCI Journal Pub Date : 2022-06-01 DOI: 10.15554/pcij67.4-02
A. A. Ahmed, Mohamed Hassan, R. Masmoudi, M.-Iqbal Khan
{"title":"Flexural strength of post-tensioned concrete-filled fiber-reinforced polymer rectangular tube beams","authors":"A. A. Ahmed, Mohamed Hassan, R. Masmoudi, M.-Iqbal Khan","doi":"10.15554/pcij67.4-02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15554/pcij67.4-02","url":null,"abstract":"This study extends an extensive research program carried out at the University of Sherbrooke to design and assess the potential use of rectangular, concrete-filled fiber-reinforced-polymer tube (CFFT) beams post-ten­sioned with steel tendons in bridge applications. This paper describes research to enhance the flexural perfor­mance of post-tensioned CFFT beams. Five rectangular post-tensioned CFFT beams were tested up to failure, and the effects of attaching a thin carbon-fiber-rein­forced polymer (CFRP) laminate embedded in tension flange and its total reinforcement ratio as well as tube structure fiber laminate were investigated. Last, a simpli­fied design approach is proposed based on strain com­binability and force equilibrium to estimate the flexural moment capacity of the tested beams. The specimens with two inclined fiber patterns in the hoop direction or added CFRP laminate strips embedded in the bottom flange of the tubes exhibited substantially greater flexur­al strength, absorbed energy, and serviceability perfor­mance than the control specimens. The ductility index and energy ratio ranged from 8.3 to 10.6 and from 82% to 87%, respectively, which indicates ductile behavior. Also, adding CFRP laminate strips embedded in the bottom flange of the tubes enhanced the flexural strength by 17% on average compared with post-tensioned CFFT without CFRP laminate. The specimen with the CFRP laminates in the bottom flange of the tube achieved flexural strength and energy absorption that was com­parable to the flexural strength and energy absorption of the specimen with two layers of inclined fiber patterns. The findings suggest that the design can be optimized to achieve more efficient post-tensioned CFFT structural members. The proposed design approach successfully predicts the flexural strength of the tested beams with an average of 1.05 ± 0.05 for the partially confined concrete model and an average of 1.11 ± 0.07 for the unconfined concrete model.","PeriodicalId":54637,"journal":{"name":"PCI Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46008196","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Practical ultra-high-strength concrete for precast concrete applications 用于预制混凝土的实用超高强度混凝土
IF 1.1 4区 工程技术
PCI Journal Pub Date : 2022-05-01 DOI: 10.15554/pcij67.3-01
Ahmed Al Mohammedi, C. Murray, Canh N. Dang, W. Hale
{"title":"Practical ultra-high-strength concrete for precast concrete applications","authors":"Ahmed Al Mohammedi, C. Murray, Canh N. Dang, W. Hale","doi":"10.15554/pcij67.3-01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15554/pcij67.3-01","url":null,"abstract":"This paper focuses on developing ultra-high-strength concrete (UHSC) with mechanical properties compara­ble to those of ultra-high-performance concrete (UHPC) and with production procedures similar to those used for high-strength concrete. A concrete mixture was developed to achieve a compressive strength of 17 ksi (117 MPa) at 28 days without using silica fume and with a slump flow as high as 35 in. (889 mm). Another concrete mixture with compressive strength of 20 ksi (138 MPa) was designed using only 130 lb/yd3 (77.1 kg/m3) of silica fume. In addition to these two mixtures, a UHPC mixture was also designed with a compressive strength of 24 ksi (165 MPa). Laboratory tests were conducted to investi­gate predictions of modulus of elasticity, flexural strength, creep, and shrinkage for the developed mixtures. This paper demonstrates that using UHSC and 0.7 in. (18 mm) diameter strands will produce adequate flexural strength to design 300 ft (91.4 m) long prestressed concrete I-girders that have service stresses within safe limits","PeriodicalId":54637,"journal":{"name":"PCI Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45229360","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Seismic design force level for precast concrete diaphragms 预制混凝土隔板抗震设计力水平
IF 1.1 4区 工程技术
PCI Journal Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.15554/pcij67.2-01
S. K. Ghosh
{"title":"Seismic design force level for precast concrete diaphragms","authors":"S. K. Ghosh","doi":"10.15554/pcij67.2-01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15554/pcij67.2-01","url":null,"abstract":"This paper provides guidance for determining seismic design force level for topped precast concrete diaphragms. This has been a controversial topic ever since ASCE/SEI 7-16, Minimum Design Loads and Associated Criteria for Buildings and Other Structures, introduced a section titled “Alternative Design Provisions for Diaphragms” and mandated its use for precast concrete diaphragms in buildings assigned to seismic design category C, D, E, or F.","PeriodicalId":54637,"journal":{"name":"PCI Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67575029","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Full-scale flexural testing of slabs made of modular structural concrete insulated panels 模块化结构混凝土隔热板板的全尺寸弯曲试验
IF 1.1 4区 工程技术
PCI Journal Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.15554/pcij67.2-03
M. Acharya, Karma Gurung, M. Mashal
{"title":"Full-scale flexural testing of slabs made of modular structural concrete insulated panels","authors":"M. Acharya, Karma Gurung, M. Mashal","doi":"10.15554/pcij67.2-03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15554/pcij67.2-03","url":null,"abstract":"Structural concrete insulated panels (SCIPs) are an alternative construction technology to traditional wood framing and masonry units for use in residential homes and low-rise structures. SCIPs can be used to erect structurally sound buildings that are economi­cal, energy efficient, and durable while incorporating sandwich technology. This study presents a novel type of SCIP that can be fabricated using off-the-shelf components. A precasting technology for such modular SCIPs is proposed. Full-scale experimental testing of one-way SCIP slabs with three different span lengths (short, medium, and long) was carried out to investigate flexural behavior, strength, ductility, and failure mechanisms. Testing showed good performance of modular SCIPs under gravity loads. Appropriate splicing details for longer-span SCIPs are developed and tested. Results show that the SCIPs tested in this research can provide a moment capacity equal to 66% of the capacity of a fully composite section.","PeriodicalId":54637,"journal":{"name":"PCI Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67575231","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Optimized ultra-high-performance concrete horizontally curved bridge superstructure 优化的超高性能混凝土水平弯曲桥梁上部结构
IF 1.1 4区 工程技术
PCI Journal Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.15554/pcij67.2-02
M. Alawneh, M. Tadros, C. Sun
{"title":"Optimized ultra-high-performance concrete horizontally curved bridge superstructure","authors":"M. Alawneh, M. Tadros, C. Sun","doi":"10.15554/pcij67.2-02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15554/pcij67.2-02","url":null,"abstract":"Horizontally curved bridges have been mostly built with steel plate I-girders or tub girders. In the past 15 years, curved concrete girders have been successfully used in several states, including Nebraska, Colorado, and Flor­ida. This paper addresses the design of curved concrete girder bridges using ultra-high-performance concrete (UHPC) by combining state-of-the-art spliced girder technology and UHPC technology. It also proposes a number of unique features that result in further simplifi­cation of precast concrete production and construction. Critical design criteria are discussed. The system devel­opment of curved UHPC girder bridges and necessary construction steps are elaborated through a numerical example of a three-span bridge, which shows greatly reduced concrete quantities when compared with re­cently constructed curved concrete girders. With UHPC designed as proposed here, horizontally curved bridges are expected to be cost competitive with conventional concrete and more economical than structural steel.","PeriodicalId":54637,"journal":{"name":"PCI Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67575166","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Expected compressive strength in precast, prestressed concrete design: A methodology to analyze regional strength results 预制、预应力混凝土设计中的预期抗压强度:一种分析区域强度结果的方法
IF 1.1 4区 工程技术
PCI Journal Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.15554/pcij67.5-03
D. Mante, Levent Isbiliroglu, Andric Hofrichter, Robert W. Barnes, A. Schindler
{"title":"Expected compressive strength in precast, prestressed concrete design: A methodology to analyze regional strength results","authors":"D. Mante, Levent Isbiliroglu, Andric Hofrichter, Robert W. Barnes, A. Schindler","doi":"10.15554/pcij67.5-03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15554/pcij67.5-03","url":null,"abstract":"Accurate predictions of concrete compressive strength are critical for designers to effectively estimate the camber, deflections, and prestress losses of precast, prestressed concrete elements. A methodology that relies on regional concrete bridge girder strength test results is proposed for predicting expected concrete compres­sive strength. Strength data collected from precast, prestressed concrete plants were manipulated by the use of a strength-difference approach to facilitate American Concrete Institute 214R-11 analysis methods. The data set was used to evaluate five other empirical prediction model forms. When implemented using an Alabama regional data set, the methodology resulted in markedly more accurate predictions of expected concrete strength at prestress transfer and at 28 days compared with cur­rent practice.","PeriodicalId":54637,"journal":{"name":"PCI Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67575197","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Flexural behavior of full-scale, carbon-fiber-reinforced polymer prestressed concrete beams 全尺寸碳纤维增强聚合物预应力混凝土梁的弯曲性能
IF 1.1 4区 工程技术
PCI Journal Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.15554/pcij67.5-01
P. Poudel, A. Belarbi, B. Gencturk, M. Dawood
{"title":"Flexural behavior of full-scale, carbon-fiber-reinforced polymer prestressed concrete beams","authors":"P. Poudel, A. Belarbi, B. Gencturk, M. Dawood","doi":"10.15554/pcij67.5-01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15554/pcij67.5-01","url":null,"abstract":"Highway bridge beams are subjected to aggressive environments, temperature fluctuations, and millions of loading cycles throughout their service life. The combi­nation of these effects can result in the reduction of the service life of structural components. In the past decades, more-durable composite materials, such as carbon-fiber-reinforced polymers (CFRPs) have been implemented in concrete structures to address problems related to environmental durability. To date, prestress­ing applications of CFRP in beams have been mostly investigated for rectangular cross sections, which are not representative of the geometry used in modern highway bridges. In addition, the construction and detailing aspects of CFRP prestressed concrete beams have not been investigated outside of laboratory conditions. This paper describes an experimental investigation conducted on eight 40 ft (12 m) long AASHTO Type I prestressed concrete beams with 3 ft (0.9 m) wide composite con­crete decks and detailed identically to highway bridge beams in practice. Three beams were pretensioned with carbon-fiber-composite cables, four beams with CFRP bars, and one with prestressing steel. The beams were tested under monotonic and fatigue loading. All CFRP prestressed concrete beams were designed to fail due to the rupture of the prestressing CFRP. The CFRP prestressed concrete beams exhibit several desirable features of the typical steel prestressed concrete beams in terms of serviceability and strength.","PeriodicalId":54637,"journal":{"name":"PCI Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67574783","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Structural grouting of load-bearing precast concrete elements: Issues and solutions 承重预制混凝土构件结构注浆:问题及解决方法
IF 1.1 4区 工程技术
PCI Journal Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.15554/pcij67.1-03
{"title":"Structural grouting of load-bearing precast concrete elements: Issues and solutions","authors":"","doi":"10.15554/pcij67.1-03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15554/pcij67.1-03","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this paper is to raise construction industry awareness regarding structural grouting of precast concrete projects in the United States. Incidents related to structural grouting have occurred with both precast concrete systems and other building systems. Designers, architects, owners, insurance carriers, and the construction industry in general are becoming increasingly aware of deficient grouting installation methods and verification procedures. Concerns include the timeliness of grout installation during the erection process, the lack of grout on some components of finished projects, and the poor quality of installed grout. These concerns pertain to horizontal connection joints of critical load-bearing elements between foundations and precast concrete columns and walls, stacked precast concrete columns, and stacked precast concrete walls. Current building codes and standards provide no requirements and limited guidance for the installation or special inspection of these critical horizontal joints. In an effort to address this gap in building codes and standards, as it specifically relates to precast concrete structural products, some precast concrete producers and erectors are implementing several strategies and new procedures, as noted and further developed in this paper.","PeriodicalId":54637,"journal":{"name":"PCI Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67574953","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Proposed lump-sum formulas for long-term prestress losses 提出长期预应力损失的一次性计算公式
IF 1.1 4区 工程技术
PCI Journal Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.15554/pcij67.5-02
N. Al-Omaishi
{"title":"Proposed lump-sum formulas for long-term prestress losses","authors":"N. Al-Omaishi","doi":"10.15554/pcij67.5-02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15554/pcij67.5-02","url":null,"abstract":"The current American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials’ AASHTO LRFD Bridge Design Specifications’ approximate formula for estimating long-term prestress losses is the outcome of the research work presented in National Cooperative Highway Research Program report 496. It is produced by simplifying the detailed method and taking into account the variability of concrete properties and the interaction between the precast concrete girder and cast-in-place deck. This paper presents two detailed parametric studies based on the average con­ditions for the design and construction of commonly used bridge girders. Three spans and, consequently, three levels of prestressing for each section have been considered. The first study establishes the creep multiplier Nc, whereas the second study evaluates the shrinkage multiplier Ns. Both multipliers are used in the lump-sum formulas for estimat­ing long-term prestress losses for different bridge girders. The multipliers produced by these studies are compared with that of the current AASHTO LRFD specifications’ approximate method, and new lump-sum formulas for long-term prestress losses are proposed.","PeriodicalId":54637,"journal":{"name":"PCI Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67575066","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Differences in moment redistribution in concrete beams prestressed with bonded and unbonded tendons 有粘结和无粘结预应力混凝土梁弯矩重分布的差异
IF 1.1 4区 工程技术
PCI Journal Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.15554/pcij67.6-02
Katarzyna Mossor
{"title":"Differences in moment redistribution in concrete beams prestressed with bonded and unbonded tendons","authors":"Katarzyna Mossor","doi":"10.15554/pcij67.6-02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15554/pcij67.6-02","url":null,"abstract":"Experimental tests using an innovative hybrid concrete and steel element were conducted to define a more precise method for determining the coefficient of moment redistribution in prestressed concrete beams. Based on the test results, formulas are proposed to determine moment redistribution coefficients for beams prestressed with bonded and unbonded tendons.","PeriodicalId":54637,"journal":{"name":"PCI Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67574793","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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