Prostate最新文献

{"title":"Exogenous Treatment of Caffeic Acid and Methylglyoxal Synergistically Enhances Anticancer Effect in Prostate Cancer via Inhibition of Glyoxalase-1.","authors":"Km Anjaly, Ashu Bhan Tiku","doi":"10.1002/pros.24849","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pros.24849","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Caffeic acid (CA), a dietary compound, has been studied for its potential impact on inhibiting prostate cancer (PCa) growth. PCa is often associated with heightened expression of glyoxalase-1 (Glo-1), making it a target for potential therapeutic interventions. CA's mechanisms in suppressing Glo-1 expression and its effects on PCa cell proliferation are areas of interest for understanding its potential as an anticancer agent.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Cellular viability and proliferation were evaluated through MTT and clonogenic assays. The expression levels of particular proteins were assessed using western blot analysis and immunocytochemistry.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Results indicated significant reduction in PCa cell proliferation by CA, accompanied by induction of DNA double-strand breaks, leading to apoptotic cell death through decreased pro-caspases expression. Additionally, CA was found to inhibit Glo-1 expression. To enhance CA's anticancer effect, a novel approach was taken by combining it with methylglyoxal (MG). Exogenous MG treatment, a glycolysis by-product and glyoxalase enzyme substrate, exhibited dose and time-dependent toxicity in PCa cells when combined with CA. This combination treatment showed heightened toxicity against PCa cells, attributed to CA's inhibition of Glo-1 expression and the nontoxic doses of exogenous MG. Consequently, increased levels of endogenous MG were observed, leading to apoptosis and suggesting a promising strategy for targeting glyoxalase oncogenic signaling pathways in PCa with minimal adverse effects.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The study highlights the potential of CA as a therapeutic agent for inhibiting PCa growth through multiple mechanisms, including the induction of apoptotic cell death and inhibition of Glo-1 expression. Combining CA with MG enhances its anticancer effects, offering a promising strategy for targeting glyoxalase oncogenic pathways in PCa.</p>","PeriodicalId":54544,"journal":{"name":"Prostate","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142923853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Serum levels of prostate specific antigen, free PSA, [-2]proPSA, fPSA/tPSA ratio, Prostate Health Index, and glycosylation patterns of free PSA in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia pharmacotherapy.","authors":"Michal Jirásko, Roman Viták, Ladislav Pecen, Andrea Pinkeová, Jan Tkáč, Tomáš Bertók, Natalie Bergman, Radek Kučera","doi":"10.1002/pros.24801","DOIUrl":"10.1002/pros.24801","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The medication used to treat benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH), a common condition in men over 50 years of age, can alter the levels of biomarkers used in prostate cancer detection. Commonly used medications for BPH include alpha-blockers, 5-alpha reductase inhibitors (5-ARIs), and muscarinic antagonists. We studied the impact of these drugs on total prostate-specific antigen (tPSA), free PSA (fPSA), [-2]proPSA, fPSA/tPSA ratio, and the Prostate Health Index (PHI), as well as novel potential biomarkers in the form of glycan composition of fPSA.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>Serum samples were collected from 564 males with BPH, with a mean age of 68.5 years. The samples were used to measure levels of tPSA, fPSA, and [-2]proPSA. The fPSA/tPSA and PHI were then calculated. The glycan composition of fPSA was analyzed using lectin-based glycoprofiling. Pharmacotherapy data was collected from the patients' medical records.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Alpha-blocker monotherapy was associated with higher fPSA and fPSA/tPSA ratio, and decreased PHI. Levels of tPSA were not impacted. Alpha-blocker and 5-ARI dual therapy was associated with reduced levels of fPSA, [-2]proPSA, and PHI. Therapy combining alpha-blockers and antimuscarinic agents did not significantly influence biomarker levels apart from an increase in a Maackia amurensis lectin-recognized glycan originating in fPSA.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>BPH pharmacotherapy notably affects prostate cancer biomarkers. Recognizing the impact of pharmacotherapy is crucial for achieving an accurate diagnosis of prostate cancer and for planning treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":54544,"journal":{"name":"Prostate","volume":" ","pages":"65-72"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11609895/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142332498","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The prognostic role of pan-immune inflammation value in patients with metastatic castration resistance prostate cancer treated with Lutetium-177 (¹⁷⁷Lu)-PSMA-617.","authors":"Satı Coskun Yazgan, Emre Yekeduz, Mine Araz, Hatice Bolek, N Ozlem Kucuk, Yuksel Urun","doi":"10.1002/pros.24804","DOIUrl":"10.1002/pros.24804","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Pan-immune inflammation value (PIV) is a newly defined biomarker that includes whole cellular components that are indicators of systemic inflammation in complete blood count (CBC), easily accessible and has the potential to reflect both the body's immune response and systemic inflammation status. This study evaluated the pretreatment PIV for its prognostic impact on overall survival (OS) in patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) treated with Lutetium-177 (¹⁷⁷Lu)-PSMA-617.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The PIV was based on the earliest CBC obtained within 1 month before treatment initiation. Patients were categorized into low and high PIV groups based on the median pretreatment PIV, and the relationship between OS and PIV groups was assessed by multivariable analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 43 patients with mCRPC treated with (¹⁷⁷Lu)-PSMA-617 were included. The median OS was longer in the low PIV group (15.1 months [95% confidence interval [CI] 10.6-19.5]) than in the high PIV group (4.2 months [95% CI 1.7-6.6]) (p < 0.001). In multivariable analysis, high PIV (hazard ratio [HR]: 4.3, 95% CI 1.194-15.93, p = 0.026) and high Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance score (HR: 7.05, 95% CI 1.48-33.46, p = 0.014) were associated with shorter OS.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study showed that pretreatment PIV might be a prognostic factor in patients with mCRPC treated with (¹⁷⁷Lu)-PSMA-617.</p>","PeriodicalId":54544,"journal":{"name":"Prostate","volume":" ","pages":"90-96"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142332499","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prostate cancer focal therapy: surgeon experience influences oncological results.","authors":"Claudio Bovolenta Murta, José Pontes Júnior, Pedro Humberto Felix de Souza Filho, Paulo Cezar de Godoy Júnior, Felipe Guimarães Pugliesi, Kayann Reda El Hayek, Fábio Pescarmona Gallucci, Giuliano Betoni Guglielmetti, Joaquim Francisco de Almeida Claro","doi":"10.1002/pros.24800","DOIUrl":"10.1002/pros.24800","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Characterization of the index lesion of prostate cancer (PCa) has facilitated the development of focal therapy to reduce complications caused by radical treatments. In the present study, we sought to identify factors associated with the oncological results of focal therapy for PCa.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Between April 2017 and February 2020, 123 PCa patients received focal therapy performed with high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU). The patients presented unilateral localized disease, PSA < 20 ng/dl, clinical stage T1-T2, ISUP grade 1-3, and more than 10 years of life expectancy. Five certified surgeons with different levels of experience performed the procedures and were divided into groups #1 and #2 (>30 HIFUs performed) and #3 (10-15 HIFUs performed each). All patients were prospectively followed and underwent surveillance biopsy 1 year post-treatment. The primary endpoint was radical treatment, and secondary endpoints included focal therapy failure and in-field recurrence. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression were used to detect associations between clinical and procedure variables and the endpoints.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The median follow-up was 54.3 months, with a mean age of 64.4 years. The mean PSA was 6.6 ng/dl; 59.3% of patients had intermediate-risk disease, and the remaining had low-risk. During follow-up, 29 (23.6%) patients required radical treatment (external beam radiation therapy), 37 (30.1%) experienced treatment failure, and 26 (21.1%) had an in-field recurrence with an ISUP grade of ≥2. Radical treatment in the follow-up was associated with patients treated by surgeons in group #3 and with elevated post-HIFU PSA concentrations. Baseline PSA concentrations, group #3 surgeons, and post-HIFU PSA concentrations were associated with treatment failure. In-field positive biopsies were associated with baseline and post-HIFU PSA concentrations. Furthermore, patients treated by surgeons in group #3 were independently associated with radical treatment and focal therapy failure.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Focal therapy with HIFU has acceptable oncological outcomes in the medium term, and the surgeon's experience and technique are independently associated with the need for subsequent radical treatment and focal therapy failure.</p>","PeriodicalId":54544,"journal":{"name":"Prostate","volume":" ","pages":"58-64"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142332497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Size and SUV_max define the contribution of nodal metastases to PSA in oligorecurrent prostate cancer.","authors":"Fabian Falkenbach, Marie-Lena Schmalhofer, Zhe Tian, Giovanni Mazzucato, Pierre I Karakiewicz, Markus Graefen, Sophie Knipper, Lars Budäus, Daniel Koehler, Tobias Maurer","doi":"10.1002/pros.24806","DOIUrl":"10.1002/pros.24806","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>To evaluate how prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels decrease after removal of isolated prostate cancer (PCa) nodal metastases in relation to their diameter/volume (\"PSA-density of PCa-metastases\") and maximum standardized uptake value (SUV_max).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 83 consecutive patients with solitary nodal recurrence after radical prostatectomy who underwent prostate-specific membrane antigen-radioguided salvage surgery were retrospectively analyzed. Using multivariable linear regression models, the PSA-decrease after removal of each PCa-metastases (=PSA-contribution of each PCa-metastases) was correlated with the long axis diameter/estimated volume and the SUV_max of each removed metastasis. Sizes were measured by imaging and histopathologic examination.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 83 patients were included with a median (interquartile range [IQR]) PSA-decrease of 0.56 [0.22, 1.31] ng/mL after salvage surgery. The median [IQR] long axis diameters in imaging and histopathological examination were 8.0 [6.0, 11.0] mm and 8.4 [5.5, 11.1] mm, respectively. The median [IQR] estimated volumes were 0.13 [0.05, 0.32] cc (imaging) and 0.05 [0.02, 0.17] cc (pathology). In multivariable linear regression analyses, the estimated PSA-contribution ([95% confidence interval [CI]) of each millimeter of long axis diameter was 0.09 [0.03, 0.14] ng/mL (imaging) or 0.08 [0.03, 0.12] ng/mL (histology). The minimum diameter for biochemical recurrence (PSA ≥ 0.2 ng/mL) was >2.2 mm (imaging) or >2.5 mm (histology). The estimated PSA-contribution [95% CI] of each cc cancer volume was 1.23 [0.51, 1.94] ng/mL (imaging) or 1.46 [0.40, 2.52] ng/mL (histology). SUV_max as surrogate parameter for tissue composition was associated with increased PSA-contribution of PCa-metastases (+0.03-0.05 ng/mL per unit increase).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The diameter/volume and SUV_max of metastatic tissue correlate with its contribution to PSA levels. Therefore, very small metastases may produce too little PSA for biochemical recurrence.</p>","PeriodicalId":54544,"journal":{"name":"Prostate","volume":" ","pages":"105-111"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11609951/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142395280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dose modification in enzalutamide and abiraterone plus prednisolone for castration-resistant prostate cancer: A subanalysis from the ENABLE study for PCa.","authors":"Nobumichi Tanaka, Kouji Izumi, Yasushi Nakai, Takashi Shima, Yuki Kato, Koji Mita, Manabu Kamiyama, Shogo Inoue, Seiji Hoshi, Takehiko Okamura, Yuko Yoshio, Hideki Enokida, Ippei Chikazawa, Noriyasu Kawai, Kohei Hashimoto, Takashi Fukagai, Kazuyoshi Shigehara, Shizuko Takahara, Atsushi Mizokami","doi":"10.1002/pros.24796","DOIUrl":"10.1002/pros.24796","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>A head-to-head comparison between enzalutamide (ENZ) and abiraterone plus prednisolone (ABI) revealed similar survival benefits for castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) in the ENABLE study for PCa. Considering that a dose reduction of ENZ and ABI has demonstrated sufficient inhibitory ability of androgen receptor (AR) signaling, we analyzed the efficacy of modified doses of these agents in the ENABLE study for PCa.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This investigator-initiated, multicenter, randomized controlled trial that was conducted in Japan analyzed the prespecified survival endpoints, prostate-specific antigen (PSA) response rate ( ≥50% decline from baseline), and safety profile in patients treated with modified doses (ENZ ≤ 120 mg/day, ABI ≤ 750 mg/day) compared with those treated with a standard dose (ENZ 160 mg/day, ABI 1000 mg/day) as a starting dose.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In total, 92 patients in each arm were treated and analyzed; 16 patients were treated with a modified dose in both the ENZ and ABI arms, respectively. Moreover, 32 patients treated with modified doses showed a significantly better time to PSA progression (TTPP) and overall survival (OS) compared with the 152 patients treated with a standard dose (HR 0.47, 95%CI 0.27-0.83, p = 0.0379, and HR 0.35, 95%CI 0.19-0.63, p = 0.0162). Despite a significantly longer TTPP in the modified ABI group than in the standard ABI group (HR 0.29, 95%CI 0.14-0.62, p = 0.0248), no significant difference was observed in the TTPP between the modified and standard ENZ groups (p = 0.5366). Furthermore, similar adverse event rates and grades were observed in each treatment dose group.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The modified doses of ABI showed better TTPP than the standard dose of ABI and may be a potential treatment option for CRPC patients; however, its mechanism is still unclear, although its ability to suppress AR signaling is equivalent to that of a standard dose.</p>","PeriodicalId":54544,"journal":{"name":"Prostate","volume":" ","pages":"21-29"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142301128","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Head-to-head comparison of GA-68 PSMA PET/CT and multiparametric MRI findings with postoperative results in preoperative locoregional staging and localization of prostate cancer.","authors":"Mustafa Dinckal, Kasim Emre Ergun, Mustafa Serdar Kalemci, Ezgi Guler, Recep Tokac, Süleyman Ordu, Nahit Ogut, Semiha Ozgul, Ozgur Sanli, Sait Sen, Burak Turna","doi":"10.1002/pros.24799","DOIUrl":"10.1002/pros.24799","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Accurate staging of prostate cancer (PCa) is essential for determining the appropriate treatment and predicting outcomes. This study is comparing the effectiveness of Gallium-68 Prostate-Specific Membrane Antigen Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography (Ga-68 PSMA PET/CT) and multiparametric MRI (mpMRI) in preoperative locoregional staging and localizing PCa.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective analysis was conducted on 78 patients who underwent both mpMRI and Ga-68 PSMA PET/CT scans before surgery. The imaging was reviewed by radiologists and nuclear medicine specialists and compared with the final histopathology, which was reviewed by an experienced uropathologist.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>mpMRI demonstrated higher sensitivity in detecting extraprostatic extension (EPE) and bladder neck invasion (BNI) compared to Ga-68 PSMA PET/CT (83% vs. 44% and 29% vs. 17%, respectively). Conversely, Ga-68 PSMA PET/CT showed higher sensitivity in detecting seminal vesicle invasion (SVI) and lymph node metastasis (LNM) (75% vs. 55% and 50% vs. 30%, respectively). When both methods were combined, sensitivity increased in detecting both EPE and SVI. The index tumor localization in mpMRI and Ga-68 PSMA PET/CT was found to be in complete agreement with histopathological findings at 36.4% and 41.8%, respectively. When both imaging methods were combined, the agreement with histopathology in predicting index tumor localization reached 72.1%.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Both mpMRI and Ga-68 PSMA PET/CT provide valuable and complementary information for tumor localization and locoregional staging. While mpMRI showed higher sensitivity in detecting EPE, Ga-68 PSMA PET/CT demonstrated superior performance in detecting LNM and SVI. The combined use of these imaging modalities enhance accuracy of index tumor localizations.</p>","PeriodicalId":54544,"journal":{"name":"Prostate","volume":" ","pages":"48-57"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11609967/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142332495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Machine learning and explainable artificial intelligence to predict pathologic stage in men with localized prostate cancer.","authors":"Hemal Semwal, Colton Ladbury, Ali Sabbagh, Osama Mohamad, Derya Tilki, Arya Amini, Jeffrey Wong, Yun Rose Li, Scott Glaser, Bertram Yuh, Savita Dandapani","doi":"10.1002/pros.24793","DOIUrl":"10.1002/pros.24793","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Though several nomograms exist, machine learning (ML) approaches might improve prediction of pathologic stage in patients with prostate cancer. To develop ML models to predict pathologic stage that outperform existing nomograms that use readily available clinicopathologic variables.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Patients with prostate adenocarcinoma who underwent surgery were identified in the National Cancer Database. Seven ML models were trained to predict organ-confined (OC) disease, extracapsular extension, seminal vesicle invasion (SVI), and lymph node involvement (LNI). Model performance was measured using area under the curve (AUC) on a holdout testing data set. Clinical utility was evaluated using decision curve analysis (DCA). Performance metrics were confirmed on an external validation data set.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The ML-based extreme gradient boosted trees model achieved the best performance with an AUC of 0.744, 0.749, 0.816, 0.811 for the OC, ECE, SVI, and LNI models, respectively. The MSK nomograms achieved an AUC of 0.708, 0.742, 0.806, 0.802 for the OC, ECE, SVI, and LNI models, respectively. These models also performed the best on DCA. Findings were consistent on both a holdout internal validation data set as well as an external validation data set.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our ML models better predicted pathologic stage relative to existing nomograms at predicting pathologic stage. Accurate prediction of pathologic stage can help oncologists and patients determine optimal definitive treatment options for patients with prostate cancer.</p>","PeriodicalId":54544,"journal":{"name":"Prostate","volume":" ","pages":"3-12"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142481063","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Is prostatic adenocarcinoma detectable by urine cytology-A multicenter retrospective review.","authors":"Cheuk-Yin Tang, Joshua J X Li, Ka Long Leung, Hei Yuet Ma, Joanna K M Ng, Ryan T L Yan, Jeremy Y Teoh, Christopher J VandenBussche, Gary M Tse","doi":"10.1002/pros.24805","DOIUrl":"10.1002/pros.24805","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Urine cytology is robust for the diagnosis of urothelial lesions, but data on the detection rates of prostatic adenocarcinoma in urine cytology is limited. In this study, a multicenter review was performed to define the clinical role of urine cytology in diagnosis of prostatic adenocarcinoma.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Cytologic diagnoses of lower tract urine cytology specimens with histology-proven prostatic adenocarcinoma from three institutions, from a period of over two decades, were reviewed. Clinicopathological parameters-tumor grade, stage, histologic features, and preanalytical factors-prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level and lesion size, were retrieved and compared with cytologic diagnoses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In total, 2115 urine cytology specimens from 1119 patients were retrieved. The atypia (or above/C3+) and suspicious (or above/C4+) rates were 19.48% and 3.36%. Bilobar and extracapsular involvement, lymphovascular invasion, Gleason score, and International Society of Urological Pathology grade were associated with a positive urine diagnosis (p < 0.05). The atypia (C3+) and suspicious (C4+) rates of urine cytology in patients with a PSA level of ≤4.0 ng/mL was paradoxically higher (p < 0.01), but PSA levels correlated positively with urine diagnosis at higher cutoffs (>10, >20, >50, >100 ng/mL). All these factors remained significant on multivariate analysis (p < 0.05), including a negative correlation with low-PSA (≤4.0 ng/mL, p = 0.001) and positive correlation with high-PSA (>20 ng/mL, p = 0.020). Lesion size and multifocality were not associated with urine cytology diagnosis (p > 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Urine cytology showed low sensitivity in detection of prostatic adenocarcinoma. Detection rates were largely positively correlated with PSA levels but not for lesion size nor multifocality, limiting its clinical utility.</p>","PeriodicalId":54544,"journal":{"name":"Prostate","volume":" ","pages":"97-104"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11609891/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142481062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prognostic model for second progression-free survival and overall survival in patients with high-risk metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer treated with abiraterone acetate and androgen deprivation therapy.","authors":"Shintaro Narita, Takafumi Yanagisawa, Shingo Hatakeyama, Kenichi Hata, Kazutoshi Fujita, Takashi Ueda, Toshikazu Tanaka, Shinya Maita, Shuji Chiba, Hiromi Sato, Yuya Sekine, Mizuki Kobayashi, Soki Kashima, Ryohei Yamamoto, Kazuyuki Numakura, Mitsuru Saito, Koichiro Takayama, Katsumi Okane, Toshiya Ishida, Yohei Horikawa, Teruaki Kumazawa, Jiro Shimoda, Ikuya Iwabuchi, Takehiro Suzuki, Osamu Ukimura, Takahiro Kimura, Chikara Ohyama, Kyoko Nomura, Tomonori Habuchi","doi":"10.1002/pros.24802","DOIUrl":"10.1002/pros.24802","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>To develop and validate a prognostic risk model for high-risk metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer (mHSPC) patients treated with upfront abiraterone acetate (ABI).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective multicenter study involved 233 high-risk mHSPC patients who received upfront ABI, developed by three academic centers. The model was externally validated with an independent cohort of 282 patients. To identify independent prognostic factors for second progression-free survival (PFS2) and develop the best-fitted model, Cox proportional hazards regression, followed by the Akaike information criterion, was used. Patients were categorized into three groups based on their risk scores. PFS2 and overall survival (OS) were evaluated according to the risk groups in the discovery and validation cohorts.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The median age was 72 (range 51-89) years, with a median follow-up duration of 27 months. Independent factors linked to PFS2 included an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status ≥2, a primary Gleason score of 5, an extent of disease score of ≥3 or liver metastasis, and lactate dehydrogenase >220 U/L. Median PFS2 for favorable-, intermediate-, and poor-risk groups were not reached, 43 months, and 16 months, respectively. The median OS was 29 months in the poor-risk group, whereas it was not reached in the favorable- and intermediate-risk groups. The 2-year OS rates in the favorable-, intermediate- and poor-risk groups were 94.5%, 80.1%, and 60.3%, respectively. The validation cohort confirmed the risk model's relationship with PFS2 and OS. The median PFS2 and OS in the high-risk group were 21 months and 32 months, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our prognostic model, including five clinical factors, is useful for patient care and treatment selection in high-risk mHSPC patients treated with ADT plus ABI. The developed model could provide more accurate information, guide treatment decisions, or classify patients in future clinical trials.</p>","PeriodicalId":54544,"journal":{"name":"Prostate","volume":" ","pages":"73-81"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142332496","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}