Psychology and Psychotherapy-Theory Research and Practice最新文献

{"title":"Exploring the implementation of a novel, transdiagnostic, hybrid ecological momentary intervention for improving resilience in youth (EMIcompass): A process evaluation in the realist framework","authors":"Isabell Paetzold,&nbsp;Jessica Gugel,&nbsp;Anita Schick,&nbsp;Christian Rauschenberg,&nbsp;Dusan Hirjak,&nbsp;Benjamin Boecking,&nbsp;Lawrence Doi,&nbsp;Matthias Schwannauer,&nbsp;Ulrich Reininghaus","doi":"10.1111/papt.12565","DOIUrl":"10.1111/papt.12565","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Previous research indicates that the hybrid compassion-focused intervention EMIcompass may reduce stress reactivity and improve quality of life. Our aim was to investigate what components of the intervention work for whom, how, and under which circumstances to contribute to the enhancement of resilience.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We conducted a process evaluation using a realist framework. First, we developed initial programme theories using compassion-focused interventions and ecological momentary intervention documents, in addition to conducting a focus group and an interview with an individual expert. Second, we tested the initial programme theories based on qualitative data from 20 participants. Third, we refined the programme theories by analysing and interpreting the data.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We identified four programme components experienced as enhancing the activation of the soothing system and the application of compassion-focused principles. EMIcompass was perceived as lowering the burden of and barriers to treatment and facilitating the translation into daily life. Intra- and interpersonal context factors interacted with the mechanisms, leading to improvement in well-being, which was identified as a main outcome.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Discussion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The intervention worked by strengthening participants' soothing system and facilitating ecological translation leading to improved well-being. Adaptions to improve the intervention may allow for more flexibility in individual intervention trajectories acknowledging different needs and preferences.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":54539,"journal":{"name":"Psychology and Psychotherapy-Theory Research and Practice","volume":"98 1","pages":"103-132"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/papt.12565","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142856825","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"“It's like I used to share a room with self-injury, but now it lives next door”: Exploring experiences of naturalistic improvement in non-suicidal self-injury","authors":"E. Hudson,&nbsp;S. Hartley,&nbsp;P. J. Taylor","doi":"10.1111/papt.12567","DOIUrl":"10.1111/papt.12567","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Many people who engage in non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) do not access support from health services, and evidence regarding the effectiveness of interventions is mixed. Despite this, NSSI prevalence rates decrease from adolescence into adulthood. Little is known about what helps alleviate difficulties with NSSI beyond psychological or medical intervention. This study sought to understand factors influencing naturalistic improvements in NSSI.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Semi-structured interviews were conducted over video call with 16 participants who believed their difficulties with NSSI had improved due to factors not attributed to psychological or medical intervention. Interviews were audio recorded and transcribed verbatim for analysis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A reflexive thematic analysis revealed four main themes. Increased insight into NSSI experiences promoted self-compassion and self-acceptance and enabled participants to reflect on the conflicting role of NSSI. Safe and supportive relationships helped alleviate loneliness, and developing alternative coping strategies enhanced feelings of control over self-injury. Creating a life guided by personal values promoted independence, choice, and self-esteem.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The findings of the study highlight several internal and external naturalistic processes deemed meaningful in improving difficulties with NSSI. Clinical implications include the importance of developing and embedding these approaches within services and interventions to improve outcomes for individuals who self-injure while promoting a person-centred approach.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":54539,"journal":{"name":"Psychology and Psychotherapy-Theory Research and Practice","volume":"98 1","pages":"133-148"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/papt.12567","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142856810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Goal-oriented practices in youth mental health and wellbeing settings: A scoping review and thematic analysis of empirical evidence","authors":"Jenna Jacob,&nbsp;Lori Wozney,&nbsp;Hanne Weie Oddli,&nbsp;Charlie Duncan,&nbsp;Jill Chorney,&nbsp;Debbie Emberly,&nbsp;Duncan Law,&nbsp;Sharon Clark,&nbsp;Sofie Heien,&nbsp;Leah Boulos,&nbsp;Mick Cooper","doi":"10.1111/papt.12564","DOIUrl":"10.1111/papt.12564","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Goal-oriented practices involve practitioners working collaboratively with clients to identify, develop and focus on objectives for the therapeutic work. It has been suggested that the key mechanism underpinning goal-oriented practices with young people is the development of epistemic trust via the foundation of open communication, along with shared decision-making: including young people in decisions about their care. However, goal-oriented work in practice is variable in scope and content, with no research consensus on what it entails, the mechanisms of change and reported outcomes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Method</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This research aims to map the extent, range and nature of the evidence-base for goal-oriented practices, including gaps, through a synthesis of the available empirical evidence from the past 20 years. A scoping review of 9783 studies published from 2003 onwards was conducted.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In total, 116 studies were identified for inclusion in the review, focusing on goal-oriented practices specifically related to the mental health and wellbeing of children and young people aged 0–18 (including caregivers as relevant). Alongside presentation of the key elements of the included studies, three themes were developed relating to the features of mental health and wellbeing goal-oriented practice in the contexts of the studies: Conceptual and Empirical Constructs of Goal-Oriented Practices, Quality and Making ‘Good’ Goals, and The Socio-Cultural Contexts of Goal-Oriented Practice.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Several areas for future research are identified that will build on this evidence, and further understanding in this area. Work towards the development of best practice principles will move practice towards transparency in the understanding and delivery of goal-oriented practices.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":54539,"journal":{"name":"Psychology and Psychotherapy-Theory Research and Practice","volume":"98 2","pages":"431-477"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/papt.12564","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142820232","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The role of parental mentalizing on the link between parental depression and child emotion regulation","authors":"Mor Keleynikov,&nbsp;Dana Lassri,&nbsp;Noga Cohen,&nbsp;Joy Benatov","doi":"10.1111/papt.12563","DOIUrl":"10.1111/papt.12563","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Parental depression has consistently been shown to impact child's emotion regulation (ER), with limited research on risk and protective factors, especially in preschoolers. Grounded in Morris and colleagues' model of emotion socialization, this study addresses this gap by examining the mediating and moderating roles of parental mentalizing (reflective functioning).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We aimed to explore whether pre-mentalizing modes mediate the link between parental depressive symptoms and the child's ER tendencies and whether parental interest and curiosity and parental certainty about mental states can buffer this link.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Materials &amp; Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The study sample included 732 parents (91% females) of children aged 3–7 years. To assess parental mentalizing, the Parental Reflective Functioning Questionnaire was used. Child ER skills were assessed with the Emotion Regulation Checklist, and depression was assessed with the Patient Health Questionnaire.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Findings demonstrated a negative link between parental depressive symptoms and children's ER skills, mediated by heightened parental pre-mentalizing modes. Contrary to expectations, parental interest and curiosity did not moderate this link, but parental certainty about mental states emerged as a protective factor, weakening the link between depressive symptoms and child ER skills.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The results contribute to the understanding of ER development, particularly in the context of parental depressive symptoms, emphasizing parental mentalizing as a pivotal factor within this intricate dynamic.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":54539,"journal":{"name":"Psychology and Psychotherapy-Theory Research and Practice","volume":"98 2","pages":"416-430"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/papt.12563","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142803527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Therapists' perspectives on the Maudsley model anorexia nervosa treatment for adolescents and young adults (MANTRa): A qualitative interview study","authors":"Michael Zeiler,&nbsp;Petra Sackl-Pammer,&nbsp;Tanja Wittek,&nbsp;Susanne Ohmann,&nbsp;Sonja Werneck-Rohrer,&nbsp;Stefanie Truttmann,&nbsp;Julia Philipp,&nbsp;Gabriele Schöfbeck,&nbsp;Konstantin Kopp,&nbsp;Helene Krauss,&nbsp;Ulrike Schmidt,&nbsp;Andreas Karwautz,&nbsp;Gudrun Wagner","doi":"10.1111/papt.12562","DOIUrl":"10.1111/papt.12562","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A rising incidence of eating disorders in the young population and limited effectiveness of available treatment approaches underscore the need for innovative therapies. This study explores therapists' perspectives regarding a promising new manualized psychotherapeutic treatment (MANTRa) for adolescents and young adults with anorexia nervosa (AN).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Semi-structured qualitative interviews were conducted with 10 therapists (nine female) who provided 24–34 sessions of MANTRa per patient. Interview topics included positive and negative experiences with MANTRa in general, with the workbook and other components. Reflexive thematic analysis was used to interpret the data. Furthermore, written notes taken by the therapists after each sessions were analysed.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The thematic analysis revealed five overarching themes: (1) Variety of therapeutic tools and content elements included in the workbook; (2) Getting the therapeutic process going; (3) Flexibility in use of the workbook; (4) Impact of the scientific and multidisciplinary framework on quality assurance; (5) Formal design of the workbook. Therapists' case formulation letters to the patients were regarded as powerful tools to strengthen therapeutic alliance and promote recovery. In-depth therapists' training, regular supervision and a multi-professional treatment setting were important factors to ensure high treatment quality.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The findings suggest how the MANTRa content (e.g. inclusion of additional therapeutic tools), the therapists' training and the format (e.g. provision of a digital version) can be improved to reach maximum impact. Therapists' formulation letters may be an effective therapeutic tool not only for AN but also across the spectrum of psychiatric disorders in adolescents and young adults.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":54539,"journal":{"name":"Psychology and Psychotherapy-Theory Research and Practice","volume":"98 2","pages":"396-415"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/papt.12562","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142774724","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Visual hallucinations in psychosis: What do people actually see?","authors":"Charlotte Aynsworth,&nbsp;Felicity Waite,&nbsp;Samuel Sargeant,&nbsp;Clara Humpston,&nbsp;Robert Dudley","doi":"10.1111/papt.12553","DOIUrl":"10.1111/papt.12553","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>One in three people with psychosis experience visions. However, little is known about what people see, and current treatments have limited benefits.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To improve the understanding and treatment of visions, this study explored the phenomenology of visions in people with psychosis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Twelve people with psychosis participated in semi-structured interviews. Reflective thematic analysis was used.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Three main themes were generated covering important aspects of phenomenology: ‘Content’, ‘Coherence’ and ‘Quality’. The first theme ‘Content: People see people’, demonstrated that the most distressing visions were of people. The second theme ‘Coherence: Visions of people who behave like people’, captured how visions were coherent with real human behaviour, often by being multimodal experiences that spoke to and touched the observer. The third theme, ‘Quality: They look too real’ highlighted the compelling sense of authenticity of the visions, making them indistinguishable from reality.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Visions represent what we expect to see in everyday life: people, who act and look real. This powerful combination provides insight into the absorbing and all-encompassing nature of visions and their impact on participant's lives. The framework of ‘Content’, ‘Coherence’ and ‘Quality’ provides guidance to support clinicians and researchers to better explore the phenomenology of visions in psychosis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":54539,"journal":{"name":"Psychology and Psychotherapy-Theory Research and Practice","volume":"98 1","pages":"58-73"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/papt.12553","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142649662","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Internalizing symptoms and affective vulnerability among heterosexual and sexual minority young adults","authors":"Alison C. McLeish,&nbsp;Kimberly R. Hartson,&nbsp;Joy L. Hart,&nbsp;Kandi L. Walker","doi":"10.1111/papt.12560","DOIUrl":"10.1111/papt.12560","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Sexual minority young adults report higher rates of anxiety and depression, and affective vulnerability factors (i.e. anxiety sensitivity, distress tolerance, emotion dysregulation) may help explain these mental health disparities.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Design</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The current cross-sectional study examined differences between sexual minority and heterosexual college students (<i>n</i> = 465; <i>M</i>_age = 19.84, SD = 3.51; 76.3% female) in anxiety, depression and affective vulnerability and whether affective vulnerability served as an explanatory mechanism in these associations.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Participants completed self-report measures for course credit.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Sexual minority young adults reported greater anxiety, depression, anxiety sensitivity, emotion regulation difficulties and lower distress tolerance. There were also significant indirect effects for all three affective vulnerability variables for anxiety symptoms and for emotion regulation difficulties for depression symptoms.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Affective vulnerability, particularly emotion regulation difficulties, appears to serve as a mechanism through which sexual minority status is associated with anxiety and depression. Improving emotion regulation skills may help to reduce mental health disparities in this population.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":54539,"journal":{"name":"Psychology and Psychotherapy-Theory Research and Practice","volume":"98 1","pages":"90-102"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142649661","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A qualitative study exploring children and young people's experiences of cognitive therapy for PTSD delivered within the context of a randomised controlled trial","authors":"Leila Allen,&nbsp;Andrew Fox,&nbsp;Alexandre Copello,&nbsp;Richard Meiser-Stedman,&nbsp;Nicola Morant","doi":"10.1111/papt.12558","DOIUrl":"10.1111/papt.12558","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives and Design</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This qualitative study aimed to explore the treatment experiences of children and young people with Post-traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) symptoms, participating in a randomised controlled trial evaluating the effectiveness of Cognitive-Therapy for PTSD (CT-PTSD).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Thirteen participants aged between 12 and 18 years old, who had all experienced multiple trauma and had undertaken CT-PTSD, were interviewed.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Using thematic analysis, three key themes were identified: ‘<i>Desire for difference</i>’, ‘<i>Journey of becoming able to talk about trauma</i>’ and ‘<i>Positive changes and increased ability to cope’</i>. Prior to the study, participants described experiencing difficult emotions and avoided talking about their traumatic experiences. Participants reported wanting to get the right help and valued the opportunity to help others. Talking about trauma during treatment was perceived as difficult and emotionally draining, however participants reported a sense of relief and that it became easier over time, helping them to make sense of their traumatic experiences. This was facilitated by the therapeutic relationship, their involvement in decision making and the use of written tasks. All participants reported positive changes, both in themselves and in their ability to talk to others about their traumatic experiences.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Engaging in CT-PTSD and talking about traumatic experiences can be empowering for young people and allows them the opportunity to process their trauma leading to increased ability to cope.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":54539,"journal":{"name":"Psychology and Psychotherapy-Theory Research and Practice","volume":"98 1","pages":"74-89"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/papt.12558","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142649659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A grounded theory of cognitive analytic reflective practice groups","authors":"Sasha Priddy,&nbsp;Stephen Kellett,&nbsp;Shona Goodall,&nbsp;Rachael Cotton","doi":"10.1111/papt.12557","DOIUrl":"10.1111/papt.12557","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Whilst cognitive analytic therapy (CAT) is increasingly used as an indirect intervention, there is little evidence of how the approach can be applied to reflective practice. This study sought to develop a process model of cognitive analytic reflective practice (CARP) groups.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Design</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Constructivist grounded theory approach supplemented by quantitative measures of helpfulness and group cohesion.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Twenty-four participants, working within four staff teams in a secure children's home, attended four CARP groups over a 1-year period. Sessions were audio recorded, transcribed and checked for model fidelity and then analysed using grounded theory. Theoretical sampling was achieved via conducting focus groups with teams informed by the emergent categories, and using sessional measures of group cohesion and helpfulness to confirm theoretical saturation.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The model constructed had three interrelated main categories: ‘facilitator processes: establishing a reflective space’, ‘group processes: widening awareness of the self, others, and system’ and ‘outcomes: changing relational dynamics and finding exits.’ The model was validated by evidence from the measures.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The model offers an empirical understanding of how CAT informs reflective practice through a better understanding of reciprocity in the dynamics of care systems.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":54539,"journal":{"name":"Psychology and Psychotherapy-Theory Research and Practice","volume":"98 1","pages":"40-57"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/papt.12557","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142632822","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of trauma-focused therapy on voice-hearing: An experience sampling study","authors":"Simone R. Burger,&nbsp;Amy Hardy,&nbsp;Inez Verdaasdonk,&nbsp;Berber van der Vleugel,&nbsp;Philippe Delespaul,&nbsp;Catherine van Zelst,&nbsp;Paul A. J. de Bont,&nbsp;Anton B. P. Staring,&nbsp;Carlijn de Roos,&nbsp;Ad de Jongh,&nbsp;Machteld Marcelis,&nbsp;Agnes van Minnen,&nbsp;Mark van der Gaag,&nbsp;David van den Berg","doi":"10.1111/papt.12556","DOIUrl":"10.1111/papt.12556","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Trauma and post-traumatic stress are involved in the aetiology and maintenance of voice-hearing. It has been proposed that trauma-focused therapy (TFT) might affect voice-hearing, but previous studies are limited and remain undecided.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We aimed to investigate the effect of TFT on voice-hearing in people with PTSD and psychosis using experience sampling method (ESM). A secondary aim was to explore how changes in voice-hearing are related to changes in PTSD.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Design</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This is an adjunct longitudinal ESM study of a sub-group of participants (<i>N</i> = 39) from a randomised controlled trial that compared TFT to a waiting-list control group.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Voice-hearing participants filled in 10 daily voice-hearing-related questionnaires for six consecutive days at baseline and post-treatment at pseudo-random times during the day. PTSD symptom severity was assessed at baseline and post-treatment. Multilevel linear regression was used to test the effect of TFT on voice-hearing and to analyse the relationship between changes in voice-hearing and changes in PTSD.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The intention-to-treat analysis showed a significant interaction effect between time and treatment condition (<i>p</i> &lt; .00001) with a small effect size (<i>dppc2</i> = −0.27), indicating a larger decrease in voice-hearing in the TFT group than in the waiting-list control group. Also, a significant association was observed between changes in PTSD symptoms and changes in voice-hearing (<i>p</i> &lt; .00001).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our findings tentatively suggest that, even when voices are not targeted directly, TFT for PTSD can alleviate distressing voices.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":54539,"journal":{"name":"Psychology and Psychotherapy-Theory Research and Practice","volume":"98 1","pages":"25-39"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/papt.12556","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142570140","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}