Psychology and Psychotherapy-Theory Research and Practice最新文献

{"title":"Latent profile analysis of resilience among people with serious mental illness.","authors":"Deyu Pan, Sang Qin, Wilson J Brown, Jessica Wojtalik, Charisse Nixon, Beatrice Lee, Emre Umucu","doi":"10.1111/papt.70055","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/papt.70055","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Resilience is a critical indicator of the personal recovery process for people with serious mental illness (SMI). However, little is known about resilience subtypes among this population. Grounded in Kumpfer's resilience model (KRM), the study aims to identify latent types of resilience among people with SMI using latent profile analysis (LPA).</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>A cross-sectional survey design was used.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 297 individuals with self-reported SMI completed an online survey, including demographic variables and measures that resemble core components of the KRM.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The LPA identified three resilience profiles: Maladaptive, Homeostatic and Resilient. One-way analyses of variance (ANOVA) revealed distinct patterns of the three resilience profiles on all factors in the KRM and the outcome variable-adaptation to psychiatric disability. ANOVA and Chi-square tests indicated several demographic variables predict profile membership, including age, marital status, highest educational attainment, employment status, average weekly work hours and primary SMI diagnosis. However, sex, race-ethnicity, annual income and years since SMI diagnosis do not predict profile membership.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The study contributes to the understanding of resilience subtypes and associated protective and risk factors for resilience among people with SMI, suggesting early, tailored strength-based interventions to promote resilience and personal recovery.</p>","PeriodicalId":54539,"journal":{"name":"Psychology and Psychotherapy-Theory Research and Practice","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147464298","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impact of suicidal deaths of children and adolescents among parents and mental health professionals: A systematic review and meta-synthesis.","authors":"Cathy Roshini, Madhushree Baruah, Harshini Manohar, Bino Thomas, Paulomi Sudhir","doi":"10.1111/papt.70045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/papt.70045","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Despite extensive literature on suicide prevention and experiences of bereaved individuals in the context of adult suicide, a significant gap remains in research examining the impact of suicidal deaths of children and adolescents. This systematic review aims to understand the experiences and impact among parents and mental health professionals (MHPs) following the loss of a child/adolescent to suicide and identify ways in which insights from bereaved individuals can inform strengthening systemic responses.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The meta-synthesis included qualitative, quantitative and mixed-methods studies. The coding principles were based on thematic synthesis and interpretative phenomenological analysis to allow the participants' voices to emerge. The findings from quantitative studies were interpreted qualitatively and incorporated into higher-order themes. The final conceptual framework was developed through triangulation across diverse study methodologies and participant groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Twenty-five studies were included. Superordinate themes illuminating experiences of parents include-'pervasive experiences of bereaved parents', 'making sense of the child and the suicide', 'moving on vs moving forward' and 'when support falls short'. Experiences of MHPs were captured through the following preliminary superordinate themes-'navigating grief as therapists', 'client suicide-is realistic estimate a fallacy', 'surviving client's suicide' and 'holding space for healers'.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This review uniquely speaks of the shared grief experiences of parents and MHPs on a continuum while also highlighting the distinct contexts and meanings that shape their experiences. Integrated postvention support should prioritize systemic continuity of care for bereaved parents and families while simultaneously ensuring individualized support for bereaved MHPs through sensitive institutional structures.</p>","PeriodicalId":54539,"journal":{"name":"Psychology and Psychotherapy-Theory Research and Practice","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147464228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pathological narcissism and loneliness among men: Implications for men's satisfaction with life.","authors":"Georgia de Rappard-Yuswack, David Kealy, John L Oliffe, John S Ogrodniczuk","doi":"10.1111/papt.70056","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/papt.70056","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Loneliness has been established as a threat to health and well-being, and may be particularly problematic for men due to masculinity norms that emphasize self-reliance. Given the importance of understanding loneliness and its threat to well-being among men, the present study was designed to examine a dispositional risk factor, pathological narcissism, on men's experience of loneliness and reduced satisfaction with life.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>An online prospective cohort design was used to examine relations between pathological narcissism, including narcissistic vulnerability and grandiosity, loneliness and life satisfaction.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A sample of men seeking online mental health help was recruited to complete self-report measures regarding pathological narcissism, loneliness and life satisfaction across a six-month period. Linear regression analyses were used to examine men's (N = 319, Mage = 38.85 + 14.39) narcissistic vulnerability and grandiosity in relation to loneliness and to test mediation models whereby loneliness (at 3 months) would mediate the relationship between narcissistic vulnerability (baseline) and life satisfaction (at six months), including variability in the latter by controlling for baseline life satisfaction.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>When examined together, only narcissistic vulnerability and not grandiosity was significant in predicting loneliness. Mediation models indicated significant indirect effects of baseline narcissistic vulnerability on life satisfaction at six months-and change in life satisfaction over six months-through the mediating effect of interim loneliness.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Findings indicate narcissistic vulnerability as a significant dispositional factor in men's loneliness, and that such loneliness in turn diminishes men's general well-being.</p>","PeriodicalId":54539,"journal":{"name":"Psychology and Psychotherapy-Theory Research and Practice","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147445865","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"'Taking the green pill': An interpretative phenomenological analysis of the lived experiences of climate distress.","authors":"Jessica L Morgan, James D Gregory, Marc O Williams","doi":"10.1111/papt.70052","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/papt.70052","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Climate distress (CD) is an emerging psychological response to the climate crisis, encompassing anxiety, grief, shame, and helplessness. While empirical research has begun to explore its prevalence and emotional impacts, little is known about the lived experience of CD. This study qualitatively explored how CD is experienced, maintained, and managed.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 10 participants experiencing CD, recruited via social media. Data were analysed using interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA), allowing for an in-depth exploration of participants' experiences.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Three superordinate themes were identified: (1) moral selves in crisis; (2) climate distress is all-consuming; and (3) finding relief. CD was closely tied to participants' moral identity, often resembling features of moral injury and perfectionistic striving. Distress was intensified by perceived powerlessness, unmet ethical standards, and concern that relief from distress would signal moral disengagement. Value-driven actions provided meaning and relief but were frequently accompanied by shame, burnout and emotional exhaustion. Psychological support was sometimes experienced as invalidating when moral and contextual dimensions of CD were not acknowledged.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>CD is a morally grounded response to an ongoing and existential global threat, shaped by identity, values and wider socio-political contexts. Supportive responses should avoid individualising or pathologising distress, instead attending to how responsibility is understood and internalised, and to how individuals relate to their distress in ways that allow for sustainable moral engagement. Therapeutic approaches that support individuals to hold responsibility with self-compassion and within realistic limits of individual agency, alongside collective forms of support, may be particularly valuable.</p>","PeriodicalId":54539,"journal":{"name":"Psychology and Psychotherapy-Theory Research and Practice","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147437812","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Supporting sexual minority adolescents: A critical realist thematic analysis of psychological therapists' experiences.","authors":"Paris Young, Nargis Islam, James Lea, Anna Daiches","doi":"10.1111/papt.70051","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/papt.70051","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Sexual minority adolescents experience elevated rates of psychological distress, influenced by societal stigma and heteronormativity. Psychological therapists can play a key role in supporting identity development and advocating for systemic change. This study explored therapists' lived experiences of working with sexual minority adolescents, attending to both reported experiences and deeper social mechanisms.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>A qualitative study using a critical realist approach to thematic analysis that integrated inductive coding with abductive and retroductive theorising.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Seven UK-based psychological therapists participated in semi-structured interviews conducted between January and March 2024. Analysis examined both dispositional and inferential themes, exploring both surface experiences and deeper social mechanisms shaping participants' experiences.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Three dispositional themes were generated: (1) therapists' experiences of socio-environmental forces shaping adolescent sexuality; (2) the striving to offer attuned, responsive therapy; and (3) the influence of socio-political tensions on navigating identity-related work. The analysis suggests that the therapeutic process functions as a relational shield against conflicting structural forces. By centring this relational process to navigate developmental fluidity, effective practice relied on agential striving to protect the adolescent's narrative from external agendas. This involved fundamental clinical skills: creating a non-judgemental space, using compassionate curiosity, and maintaining awareness of relational pulls and assumptions.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Socio-political structures are often enacted within the therapy room, presenting both challenges and opportunities for therapeutic work. The findings suggest that therapy functions as a mediating space, shielding adolescents' developing identities from polarisation and stigma. This highlights the ethical necessity of maintaining a protected process in a politicised climate.</p>","PeriodicalId":54539,"journal":{"name":"Psychology and Psychotherapy-Theory Research and Practice","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147357416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mentalizing under stress and psychotic experiences: An experience sampling study.","authors":"Ercan Ozdemir, Angus MacBeth, Helen Griffiths","doi":"10.1111/papt.70048","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/papt.70048","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>Theoretical models identify stress-induced transient disruptions in the capacity to mentalize as a risk marker for psychosis yet there is little research that takes into account the context dependence of mentalizing and psychotic processes. To increase ecological validity, we investigated how mentalizing and psychotic experiences were concurrently and longitudinally associated in the flow of daily life, hypothesizing that mentalizing difficulties would predict both concurrent and subsequent presentations of psychotic experiences.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>An analogue sample responded to self-report assessments of situational stress, momentary mentalizing difficulties in understanding one's feelings, negative affect and psychotic experiences, using a 1-week experience sampling schedule with eight measurement points per day. Concurrent and lagged associations between mentalization, negative affect and psychotic experiences were estimated via linear mixed effects and vector autoregressive modelling.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The analysed sample (n = 43) identified as 63% female, 21% male and 16% non-binary with all participants aged between 18 and 38 years. Thirty per cent of the sample self-reported a personal history of psychosis, and 37% were receiving mental health support. Significant concurrent and cross-lagged associations of positive effect sizes were identified between mentalizing difficulties and psychotic experience severity.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Mentalizing capacity may decline under stress and accordingly influence the severity and persistence of psychotic experiences. Our small sample size and the gender distribution may limit the generalizability of the findings. Future research should integrate interview- or performance-based metrics of mentalizing ability into longitudinal designs enabling more extensive examination of different domains of mentalizing difficulties and psychotic experiences.</p>","PeriodicalId":54539,"journal":{"name":"Psychology and Psychotherapy-Theory Research and Practice","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147318923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unified protocol in online group versus blended format for treating emotional disorders in university students: Preliminary results on feasibility at 6-month follow-up.","authors":"J Socias-Soler, O Peris-Baquero, L Martínez-García, I Prieto-Rollán, J Osma","doi":"10.1111/papt.70047","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/papt.70047","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Emotional Disorders (EDs) are highly prevalent among university students, with only a small percentage (16.4%) receiving treatment. This study examines the feasibility and acceptability of delivering the Unified Protocol (UP) in two scalable formats and explores preliminary clinical outcomes in a university student population.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Thirty-five university students (80% women, mean age = 21.29 years, SD = 1.87) with primary diagnoses of EDs were randomly assigned to either the blended-UP condition (n = 18) or the synchronous online UP condition (n = 17). The intervention involved 8 UP modules, delivered as either 9 weekly 2-h synchronous online group sessions or a blended format (4 synchronous online group sessions for modules 1, 4, 6 and 7+ autonomous work via the UP-APP). Depression, anxiety, transdiagnostic variables, difficulties in emotion regulation, maladjustment and quality of life were assessed at baseline, post-treatment and at 3- and 6-month followups. Satisfaction with the intervention received was also measured.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Statistically significant changes were observed over time (main effect of time) for all evaluated variables (except in quality of life and positive temperament), with no 'Time × Condition' interaction, meaning that the scores evolved similarly in both conditions. Participants reported high satisfaction scores (8.91/10 in the blended condition and 9.38/10 in the synchronous online UP condition) and rated highly how the intervention had helped them to properly regulate their emotions (8.83/10 in the blended condition and 9.00/10 in the synchronous online UP condition).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study demonstrates that both the blended and synchronous online group formats of the UP are feasible and well accepted by university students, with associated improvements in emotional symptoms, and that the UP in these formats could be an efficient alternative to address the high demand for mental health support among university students.</p>","PeriodicalId":54539,"journal":{"name":"Psychology and Psychotherapy-Theory Research and Practice","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147277704","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unfinished business: A grounded theory analysis of change among individuals classified as numerical non-responders to psychodynamic psychotherapy for post-traumatic stress disorder related to childhood maltreatment.","authors":"Fatima Nöske, Frederike Döring, Manfred E Beutel, Melissa Hitzler, Jürgen Hoyer, Elena Kabbathas, Christine Knaevelsrud, Iris-T Kolassa, Johannes Kruse, Falk Leichsenring, Nina Marin, Helen Niemeyer, Simone Salzer, Karoline Sauer, Marie Siebert, Rudolf Stark, Visal Tumani, Kerstin Weidner, Jörn von Wietersheim, Wolfgang Wöller, Christiane Steinert","doi":"10.1111/papt.70040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/papt.70040","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Individuals with post-traumatic stress disorder related to childhood maltreatment (PTSD-CM) show limited response to treatment on pre-post-symptom measures. While a nuanced understanding of nonresponse is crucial for improving treatment, quantitative measures may not fully capture clinically meaningful processes of change from the patients' perspectives. We therefore explored how individuals with PTSD-CM who showed no or limited numerical improvement after trauma-focused psychodynamic psychotherapy (TF-PDT) experienced change.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>This qualitative study was embedded in a large randomized controlled trial on PTSD-CM (DRKS00021142).</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>From 75 qualitative post-treatment interviews, we purposively sampled eight TF-PDT recipients meeting criteria for numerical nonresponse, defined as current PTSD diagnosis and less than 50% reduction in the Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale for DSM-5 (CAPS-5). Client Change Interviews were analysed using Critical-Constructivist Grounded Theory.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We derived two clusters ('Progress-A Double-Edged Sword', 'When Building Trust Collides with the Therapeutic Framework') and one overarching core category ('Unfinished Business'), which captured a dialectic process. Within a responsive therapeutic relationship, patients began confronting their relational trauma, experiencing relief, increased emotional regulation and hope. However, this very engagement surfaced emotional challenges that exceeded what could be addressed within the limited therapeutic framework, leaving the process meaningful but unfinished.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>What is often labelled as numerical nonresponse in PTSD-CM may reflect a dynamic interplay of emerging improvement and emotional distress that needs more time to unfold. Moreover, the results underscore the value of integrating qualitative, patient-reported outcomes into treatment evaluation and relationship-focused treatment tailored to patients' individual needs.</p>","PeriodicalId":54539,"journal":{"name":"Psychology and Psychotherapy-Theory Research and Practice","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146222250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The competency framework for mental health practitioners in primary care settings.","authors":"Molly Lever, Gita Bhutani, Brendan J Dunlop","doi":"10.1111/papt.70042","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/papt.70042","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The current Mental Health Practitioner (MHP) workforce within NHS primary care is without a competency framework to guide job planning, interviews and service provision.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>This paper aims to present an inclusive level-based framework for MHPs in primary care.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The competency framework is based on previous frameworks and the results of service evaluation projects. Research into other existing competency frameworks allowed for the expansion of the identified competencies to ensure a thorough and complete framework was produced. The document was circulated to stakeholders and sense checked with colleagues working in primary care mental health service delivery.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The framework provided has an explicit focus on seven key features: (1) knowledge for primary care-based MHPs, (2) core relational skills, (3) core clinical skills, (4) personal characteristics and values, (5) leadership and working with teams, (6) self-care and support and (7) competencies for primary care services supporting MHPs.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Consideration of the competencies presented can help develop job descriptions, interview content and service provision requirements for MHPs across a variety of primary care settings.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Following this paper further evaluation as to acceptability and implementation of this framework within primary care settings may be a beneficial undertaking.</p>","PeriodicalId":54539,"journal":{"name":"Psychology and Psychotherapy-Theory Research and Practice","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146203771","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Living in the Aftermath: Narratives on the impact of exposure to community and school violence in childhood on mental health and adjustment outcomes in later life.","authors":"Marinos Bomikazi Lupindo, Sam French, Paul Salkovskis","doi":"10.1111/papt.70046","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/papt.70046","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To understand the impact of and subsequent reactions to exposure to extreme violence in young adults in South Africa exposed during school years. In particular, to get an in-depth understanding of its immediate consequences and factors that ameliorate or exacerbate it.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>An exploratory qualitative research design was used, using purposive sampling.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Semi-structured interviews with 21 young South African adults aged 19-31 were conducted online. Transcripts were analysed using thematic analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Violence exposure was found to result in trauma reactions with themes of a continued sense of being unsafe, feeling damaged and defective because of having these reactions, and mistrust towards others. In terms of coping reactions, a theme of avoidance and/or reacting with aggressive behaviour was identified, which likely exacerbated the challenges they experienced. By contrast, a more positive theme was identified in some, focused on having a sense of community and connectedness, which was experienced as ameliorating these challenges.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Exposure to community and school violence in childhood has a lasting impact on mental health and adjustment in later life. The impact is likely worsened by mistrust of others, a continued sense of feeling unsafe and counterproductive coping mechanisms, while connectedness and community seem to lessen the impact. Further research can refine these findings to build an understanding of these mechanisms to inform secondary prevention and treatment interventions in low- and middle-income countries.</p>","PeriodicalId":54539,"journal":{"name":"Psychology and Psychotherapy-Theory Research and Practice","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146203626","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}