Language Speech and Hearing Services in Schools最新文献

{"title":"A Balancing Act: How School-Based Speech-Language Pathologists Navigate Their Efforts Related to Individual Education Plans and Multi-Tiered Systems of Support.","authors":"Lesley Sylvan, Harmony Kingsley, Grace Bartolett, Madeleine Gouck","doi":"10.1044/2023_LSHSS-23-00073","DOIUrl":"10.1044/2023_LSHSS-23-00073","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Speech-language pathologists (SLPs) in public schools have a key role in assessment, intervention, program design, compliance, and prevention. They address the needs of students of all ages and disorders, ensure the educational relevance of their services, and provide culturally competent care. Given the scope of their work, SLPs must balance and prioritize their varying responsibilities in school settings. This study investigates how SLPs navigate their involvement with the prevention-oriented framework Multi-Tiered System of Supports (MTSS) while providing direct support to students with disabilities through Individualized Education Programs (IEPs).</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>This study took place in a district with a stated goal for the academic year of deepening their involvement with the MTSS framework. Eight SLPs working in this rural district participated in a series of interviews over the course of the 2022-2023 school year. Qualitative data were collected about SLPs' motivations and evolving views related to MTSS.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>While participants in this study were motivated to engage in MTSS because they viewed this framework as a useful mechanism to support students outside of special education, they were limited by time constraints and the challenges of forming collaborative relationships. Each participant navigated the process of balancing their efforts related to MTSS and IEPs in a unique way that reflected their specific setting and circumstances.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study directly investigated how SLPs navigate this balancing act in real time and provided a novel perspective on the potential synergies and disconnects between SLPs' efforts related to MTSS and their responsibilities related to providing appropriate speech-language services via IEPs.</p>","PeriodicalId":54326,"journal":{"name":"Language Speech and Hearing Services in Schools","volume":" ","pages":"349-367"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138464377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical Feeding and Swallowing Evaluation for the School-Based Speech-Language Pathologist.","authors":"Elisabeth C D'Angelo","doi":"10.1044/2023_LSHSS-23-00019","DOIUrl":"10.1044/2023_LSHSS-23-00019","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>From preschool through high school, eating is part of the school day. Children with feeding and/or swallowing issues are now in our neighborhood schools, our responsibility in our care, and require adequate nutrition and hydration to participate in school and access the curriculum. The whole child is in school, including all of their medical, behavioral, social, and educational needs. This clinical focus article describes a holistic process of evaluating swallowing and feeding in the school setting for the school speech-language pathologist (SLP) leading the team supporting the child.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>This clinical focus article explores the evaluation process in the educational setting for the school SLP in identification of pediatric feeding disorders (PFDs), which can involve dysphagia. Detailed descriptions of the related U.S. educational law, PFD, assessment processes for the multiple systems relating to eating, and collaboration with an interdisciplinary team are highlighted. Using the four overlapping domains of PFD (medical, psychosocial, feeding skill-based systems and associated nutritional aspects), medical and background history gathering; integration with instrumental results; and the need to consider the complex interaction of developmental, physical, cognitive, social, behavioral, family, and cultural aspects in the evaluation are detailed.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>School-age children require safe and adequate nutrition and hydration for learning and social participation. The SLP has a lead role in the school team in evaluating swallowing and feeding, and developing a plan for team implementation. A holistic school-based SLP clinical evaluation process is described.</p>","PeriodicalId":54326,"journal":{"name":"Language Speech and Hearing Services in Schools","volume":" ","pages":"409-422"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138464378","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Treating Pediatric Feeding Disorders and Dysphagia: Evidence-Based Interventions for School-Based Clinicians.","authors":"Kristen M West","doi":"10.1044/2023_LSHSS-23-00016","DOIUrl":"10.1044/2023_LSHSS-23-00016","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Children with pediatric feeding disorder (PFD) and dysphagia are increasingly prevalent in school-based caseloads. This tutorial discusses the current best practices for treating children with PFD and dysphagia as well as considerations for service delivery in educational settings.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>The rationale for treating PFD and dysphagia in an educational setting is discussed. A review of various interventions for PFD and dysphagia and a discussion of the available evidence are provided. The principles of experience-dependent neuroplasticity and theory-driven practice are discussed in light of the need for additional empirical research. Practical considerations to enhance evidence-based practice for PFD and dysphagia in educational settings are explored.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The reader will be able to identify evidence-based interventions for students with PFD and dysphagia and plan for the implementation of these approaches in the school setting.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Students with PFD and dysphagia require skilled interventions to support their participation in educationally relevant activities and to promote continued development of feeding and swallowing skills while at school. A discussion of the current evidence for various interventions is provided to promote the utilization of evidence-based interventions in school-based settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":54326,"journal":{"name":"Language Speech and Hearing Services in Schools","volume":" ","pages":"444-457"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139418577","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Continuing Education Needs of Speech-Language Pathologists for Assessing and Treating Children With Cleft Palate: A National Analysis Across Areas of Varying Population Density.","authors":"Katelyn J Kotlarek, Katelan Rogers, Kazlin N Mason","doi":"10.1044/2023_LSHSS-23-00071","DOIUrl":"10.1044/2023_LSHSS-23-00071","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The purpose of this study was to identify training gaps and continuing education (CE) needs for speech-language pathologists (SLPs) in evaluating and treating children with cleft palate across and among areas of varying population density.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>An anonymous 35-question survey lasting approximately 10-15 min was created in Qualtrics based on a previously published study. The survey information and link were electronically distributed to American Speech-Language-Hearing Association (ASHA)-certified SLPs through ASHA listservs, social media, individual-state SLP organizations, and an e-mail list of publicly listed SLPs. A total of 359 survey responses were collected.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Respondents varied in terms of age, type of certification, practice location, and clinical experience with cleft palate, with the largest percentage (46.7%) of respondents in a school-based setting. Only 28.5% reported currently feeling comfortable treating children with cleft palate. Respondents reported conventions/conferences (25.4%) and webinars (23.2%) were the most helpful resources, but DVDs were frequently not used for CE. Information from the child's cleft team (84.4%) and mentors/colleagues (70%) were considered high-quality resources. Respondents indicated information on treatment of articulation (79.2%) and resonance (78.4%) disorders as well as specific therapy techniques (76.9%) would be very helpful for clinical practice. Population density significantly influenced how respondents ranked the perceived helpfulness and quality of different resources as well as desired topics for future resources.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>There is a continued need for adequate training and CE opportunities for SLPs, particularly related to assessing and treating children with cleft palate. Increased access to high-quality CE resources will be key to filling educational gaps present for SLPs, especially in areas of low-population density.</p><p><strong>Supplemental material: </strong>https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.24891423.</p>","PeriodicalId":54326,"journal":{"name":"Language Speech and Hearing Services in Schools","volume":" ","pages":"495-509"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11021046/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139049780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Impact of Morphological Intervention on Literacy Knowledge and Reading Motivation: A Cluster-Randomized Comparison Trial in Diverse Socioeconomic Status Kindergartens.","authors":"Vered Vaknin-Nusbaum, Einat Nevo","doi":"10.1044/2024_LSHSS-23-00139","DOIUrl":"10.1044/2024_LSHSS-23-00139","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study investigated the effectiveness of a storytelling-based morphological intervention program on the language and literacy knowledge and reading motivation of kindergarten children from low and mid socioeconomic status (SES) backgrounds. It also explored how these groups compared in change scores against a non-intervened high SES group.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Employing a cluster randomization approach, this study included 158 kindergarten children, comprising intervention and comparison groups from low and mid SES backgrounds, as well as a non-intervened high SES group. Assessments were conducted on morphological awareness (MA), print concepts, vocabulary, and reading motivation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Children in the intervention groups showed better performance in MA and print concept scores than those in their respective comparison groups. The mid SES intervention group also displayed significant improvement in vocabulary and motivation scores compared to its counterpart. When examining the effects of SES on change scores, the low SES intervention group achieved superior results in vocabulary and print concept scores compared to both the mid SES intervention and the non-intervened high SES groups. For reading motivation, the mid SES group outperformed the low SES group.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The morphological intervention program using storytelling positively impacts both the literacy skills and reading motivation of kindergarten children, especially those from low and mid SES backgrounds. This study emphasizes the significance of designing interventions that cater to the distinct educational needs of children from different SES backgrounds.</p>","PeriodicalId":54326,"journal":{"name":"Language Speech and Hearing Services in Schools","volume":" ","pages":"561-576"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139673686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diagnostic Accuracy of Grammaticality and Utterance Length in Bilingual Children.","authors":"Michelle Hernandez, Juliana Ronderos, Anny Patricia Castilla-Earls","doi":"10.1044/2024_LSHSS-23-00100","DOIUrl":"10.1044/2024_LSHSS-23-00100","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The purpose of this study was to investigate the diagnostic accuracy of two measures derived from spontaneous language samples, mean length of utterance in words (MLUw) and percentage of grammatical utterances (PGU), in identifying developmental language disorder (DLD) in Spanish-English bilingual children. We examined two approaches: best language and total language.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>The participants in this study included 74 Spanish-English bilingual children with (<i>n</i> = 36) and without (<i>n</i> = 38) DLD. Language samples were elicited through a story retell and story generation task using Frog wordless picture books in English and Spanish. Stories were transcribed and coded using the Systematic Analysis of Language Samples (Miller & Iglesias, 2020) to extract MLUw and PGU in both languages.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Logistic regression analyses suggested that a model that included PGU, MLUw, and age achieved the best diagnostic accuracy in predicting group membership. Both approaches, best language and total language, had fair diagnostic accuracy.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In combination, PGU and MLUw seem to be useful diagnostic tools to differentiate bilingual children with and without DLD. Clinical implications and usability are discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":54326,"journal":{"name":"Language Speech and Hearing Services in Schools","volume":" ","pages":"577-597"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11021047/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139693541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Workload Versus Caseload: An Exploratory Comparison Study of Individualized Education Program Progress and Other Outcomes.","authors":"Charles H Carlin","doi":"10.1044/2023_LSHSS-23-00075","DOIUrl":"10.1044/2023_LSHSS-23-00075","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The purpose of this study was to obtain preliminary data about the effectiveness of four workload approaches (WAs) that were implemented in public school settings. The WAs were compared to each other and the caseload approach (CA).</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Five speech-language pathologists were selected to implement one of the four WAs, and two used the CA. Data were collected in the areas of Individualized Education Program (IEP) progress, classroom performance, delivery of services, workload parameters, and stakeholder perceptions.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The workload and CAs resulted in desirable levels of IEP progress, and all students received the services that were documented on their IEPs. When the data from the workload and CAs were compared, the Workload Management Strategies (WMS) Approach was associated with the most indicators of success in the study. Participants utilized several practices to manage workload, even though some strategies possibly affected compliance with federal special education law.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These initial findings showed that the WMS Approach held the most promise relative to student outcomes, the workload determination, and compliance with federal special education law. Strengths and weaknesses of each approach and implications for practice are provided. Given the small sample size, the results should be viewed with caution as the generalizability of the results is limited. Areas for further research are recommended.</p>","PeriodicalId":54326,"journal":{"name":"Language Speech and Hearing Services in Schools","volume":" ","pages":"259-275"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138296523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Student-Led Individualized Education Programs: A Gateway to Self-Determination.","authors":"John McNaught, Daniel Biegun, Kendal Swartzentruber","doi":"10.1044/2023_LSHSS-23-00079","DOIUrl":"10.1044/2023_LSHSS-23-00079","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The purpose of this study was to explore the experiences of <i>I'm Determined</i> youth leaders with learning disability who have enrolled in higher education within 1 year of graduating high school to better understand if and how their experience participating in the <i>I'm Determined</i> project led to their participation in their Individualized Education Program (IEP) meetings.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>The intent of the narrative inquiry methodology applied to this study was to create a unified story of collective experiences that described or explained the factors leading to participation in their IEP meeting. Although each of the eight narratives is unique to the individual, common themes emerged that were reflected in the literature and consistent across the time continuum of life before and life during participation in <i>I'm Determined</i>.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>One experience that was consistent was the importance of participating in and leading their IEP meeting. A narrative timeline led to our findings presented here within a continuum of experiences before and during participation in <i>I'm Determined.</i> We made the decision to present the findings in such a way that highlights common themes specific to IEP participation across moments in time while honoring individual narratives through supportive text from the data. This is a study of people's perceptions of their experiences best told by direct quotes from the participants. The IEP experience is just one component of the self-determination experience.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study provided insight into the educational experiences of the eight <i>I'm Determined</i> youth leader participants and examined the importance of both their participation in <i>I'm Determined</i> and the development of self-determination skills deemed essential to participate and lead their IEP meeting. Their unique perspective documented in this study served to both inform and push the field forward.</p>","PeriodicalId":54326,"journal":{"name":"Language Speech and Hearing Services in Schools","volume":" ","pages":"276-302"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139547689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Using a Social Model to Guide Individualized Education Program Development and Change Educational Paradigms to Be Critically Inclusive.","authors":"Kimberly A Murza, P Charlie Buckley","doi":"10.1044/2023_LSHSS-23-00081","DOIUrl":"10.1044/2023_LSHSS-23-00081","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The Individuals with Disabilities Education Act explicitly acknowledges disability as a natural part of the human experience. However, special education services, including speech-language services, often focus on remediating the characteristics of the individual with the disability rather than addressing the disabling conditions of the school environment or leveraging the supports and resources available or potentially available to the student. The purpose of this article is to provide a social model of disability framework to guide Individualized Education Program (IEP) development and change educational paradigms around language and communication.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>A discussion of a new theoretical framework, critical inclusion, is situated within the speech-language pathologist's role in the IEP process. An argument for adopting an integrative approach to service delivery through the social model of disability is provided. The Social Communication and Engagement Triad framework is then used to illustrate a social model of disability approach to assessment, IEP goal development, and service delivery case examples.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Speech-language pathologists and all educators have a responsibility for creating a space where all learners belong and diversity in all aspects is celebrated. Embracing a social model of disability approach to the IEP process can support practitioners in their work toward creating a more equitable and inclusive education system.</p>","PeriodicalId":54326,"journal":{"name":"Language Speech and Hearing Services in Schools","volume":" ","pages":"323-335"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138471217","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Views of Parents on Supporting Language and Literacy for Their Children With Complex Communication Needs.","authors":"Emma L Leroux, Elizabeth E Biggs, Doah E Shin","doi":"10.1044/2023_LSHSS-23-00009","DOIUrl":"10.1044/2023_LSHSS-23-00009","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Understanding students' home literacy environments can help speech-language pathologists, teachers, and other educators partner with families to promote language and literacy learning. This study focused on gaining insight into the views of parents of elementary-age students with intellectual and developmental disabilities who had complex communication needs related to supporting children's language and literacy learning in the home.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>This qualitative study was conducted during the COVID-19 pandemic, when many schools were utilizing remote or hybrid learning arrangements. Participants were 37 parents of students with complex communication needs in kindergarten to fourth grade. Most children had either autism or Down syndrome, and they ranged from primarily communicating prelinguistically (e.g., gestures and nonword vocalizations) to using some two to three word phrases in different modes (e.g., speech, sign, and aided augmentative and alternative communication [AAC]). Each parent was interviewed three times over the 2020-2021 school year, and data were analyzed using an inductive qualitative approach.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Findings showed patterns of commonalities and differences in parents' experiences, including related to their (a) goals and values about communication, language, and literacy; (b) perceptions and experiences with roles supporting language and literacy; and (c) satisfaction with supports and progress in these areas.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study provides important insight into the views of parents related to home literacy that can be used to improve the design and delivery of interventions for school-age students with complex communication needs and their families.</p>","PeriodicalId":54326,"journal":{"name":"Language Speech and Hearing Services in Schools","volume":" ","pages":"69-84"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41220165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}