Environmental Sciences Europe最新文献

{"title":"Correction: Impact of soil moisture regimes on greenhouse gas emissions, soil microbial biomass, and enzymatic activity in long-term fertilized paddy soil","authors":"Asad Shah, Jing Huang, Tianfu Han, Muhammad Numan Khan, Kiya Adare Tadesse, N. A. Daba, Sajeela Khan, Sami Ullah, Muhammad Fahad Sardar, Shah Fahad, Huimin Zhang","doi":"10.1186/s12302-024-00957-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12302-024-00957-y","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54293,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Sciences Europe","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2024-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141821351","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sex difference in the association between pyrethroids exposure and sleep problems among adolescents: NHANES 2007–2014","authors":"Long Zhou,&nbsp;Guangzhen Li,&nbsp;Xia Chen,&nbsp;Lei Zuo,&nbsp;Mingliang Liu,&nbsp;Chunxia Jing,&nbsp;Li Chen,&nbsp;Haiyan Chen,&nbsp;Sihui Peng,&nbsp;Guang Hao","doi":"10.1186/s12302-023-00753-0","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12302-023-00753-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Pyrethroids have been widely used in the United States and worldwide. Few studies examined the effect of pyrethroids exposure on sleep problems among adolescents.</p><h3>Objectives</h3><p>This study investigated the associations between pyrethroids exposure and sleep problems in male and female adolescents.</p><h3>Methods</h3><p>The data were used from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2007–2014. In this study, 3-Phenoxybenzoic Acid (3-PBA) was used as a validated biomarker for pyrethroids exposure. The association between urinary 3-PBA and sleep problems was analyzed using logistic regression models.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>A total of 805 adolescents aged 16–20 years old were included in this study. The proportion of sleep problems was higher in females than in males (10.18% vs.7.35%, <i>P</i> = 0.154). A significant interaction was found between sex and 3-PBA (<i>P</i> interaction = 0.021) in the risk of sleep problems. A positive association of 3-PBA exposure with sleep problems was observed in male adolescents after adjusting for all the other covariates (OR = 4.04, 95% CI 1.31, 12.42). No statistically significant association was observed in female adolescents.</p><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>A positive association was observed between pyrethroids exposure and sleep problems in male adolescents, but not in female adolescents. More studies are required to confirm our findings.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":54293,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Sciences Europe","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2023-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://enveurope.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s12302-023-00753-0","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"4685424","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Habitat development and species arrival drive succession of the benthic invertebrate community in restored urban streams","authors":"Svenja M. Gillmann,&nbsp;Daniel Hering,&nbsp;Armin W. Lorenz","doi":"10.1186/s12302-023-00756-x","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12302-023-00756-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Urban streams are characterised by species-poor and frequently disturbed communities. The recovery of heavily polluted urban streams is challenging but the simple community structure makes recolonisation patterns more transparent. Therefore, they are generally applicable model systems for recolonisation of restored streams. Principal questions of stream restoration concern the drivers and patterns of recolonisation processes. Rarely, recolonisation of restored streams is recorded for a sufficient time to observe patterns of habitat and community development in detail. Over 10 years, we monitored benthic habitat changes and macroinvertebrate communities of eight restored sites in an urban stream network that was formerly used as an open sewer and thus, almost uninhabitable for macroinvertebrates prior to restoration. We analysed changes in environmental variables and communities with a selection of multi-variate analyses and identified indicator species in successional stages.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>Proportions of stony substrate and conductivity decreased over time since restoration, while the riparian vegetation cover increased along with the amount of sandy substrate. The communities fluctuated strongly after restoration but began to stabilise after around eight years. TITAN analysis identified 9 species, (e.g. the mayfly <i>Cloeon dipterum</i> and the beetle <i>Agabus didymus</i>), whose abundances decreased with time since restoration, and 19 species with an increasing abundance trend (e.g. several Trichopteran species, which colonised once specific habitats developed). Woody riparian vegetation cover and related variables were identified as major driver for changes in species abundance. In the last phase of the observation period, a dry episode resulted in complete dewatering of some sites. These temporarily dried sections were recolonised much more rapidly compared to the recolonisation following restoration.</p><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Our results underline that community changes following urban stream restoration are closely linked to the evolving environmental conditions of restored streams, in particular habitat availability initialised by riparian vegetation. It takes about a decade for the development of a rich and stable community. Even in streams that were almost completely lacking benthic invertebrates before restoration, the establishment of a diverse macroinvertebrate community is possible, underlining the potential for habitat restoration in formerly heavily polluted urban areas.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":54293,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Sciences Europe","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2023-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://enveurope.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s12302-023-00756-x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"4973409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of ambient particulate matter with hospital admissions, length of hospital stay, and hospital costs due to cardiovascular disease: time-series analysis based on data from the Shanghai Medical Insurance System from 2016 to 2019","authors":"Wenyong Zhou,&nbsp;Zexuan Wen,&nbsp;Wenjia Peng,&nbsp;Xinyu Wang,&nbsp;Minyi Yang,&nbsp;Weibing Wang,&nbsp;Jing Wei,&nbsp;Haiyan Xiong","doi":"10.1186/s12302-023-00754-z","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12302-023-00754-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>There is limited evidence supporting a relationship of ambient particulate matter (PM), especially PM₁, with hospital admissions, hospital costs, and length of hospital stay (LOS) due to cardiovascular disease (CVD). We used a generalized additive model (GAM) to estimate the associations of these indicators due to CVD for each 10 μg/m³ increase in the level of PM₁, PM_2.5, and PM₁₀, and the attributable risk caused by PM on CVD was determined using the WHO air quality guidelines from 2005 and 2021.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>For each 10 μg/m³ increase in the level of each PM and for a 0-day lag time, there were significant increases in daily hospital admissions for CVD (PM₁: 1.006% [95% CI 0.859, 1.153]; PM_2.5: 0.454% [95% CI 0.377, 0.530]; PM₁₀: 0.263% [95% CI 0.206, 0.320]) and greater daily hospital costs for CVD (PM₁: 523.135 thousand CNY [95% CI 253.111, 793.158]; PM_2.5: 247.051 thousand CNY [95% CI 106.766, 387.336]; PM₁₀: 141.284 thousand CNY [95% CI 36.195, 246.373]). There were no significant associations between PM and daily LOS. Stratified analyses demonstrated stronger effects in young people and males for daily hospital admissions, and stronger effects in the elderly and males for daily hospital costs. Daily hospital admissions increased linearly with PM concentration up to about 30 µg/m³ (PM₁), 60 µg/m³ (PM_2.5), and 90 µg/m³ (PM₁₀), with slower increases at higher concentrations. Daily hospital costs had an approximately linear increase with PM concentration at all tested concentrations. In general, hospital admissions, hospital costs, and LOS due to CVD were greater for PM_2.5 than PM₁₀, and the more stringent 2021 WHO guidelines indicated greater admissions, costs, and LOS due to CVD.</p><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Short-term elevation of PM of different sizes was associated with an increased risk of hospital admissions and hospital costs due to CVD. The relationship with hospital admissions was strongest for men and young individuals, and the relationship with hospital costs was strongest for men and the elderly. Smaller PM is associated with greater risk.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":54293,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Sciences Europe","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2023-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://enveurope.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s12302-023-00754-z","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"4860786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Accumulation of arsenic and other metals in soil and human consumable foods of Meherpur district, southwestern Bangladesh, and associated health risk assessment","authors":"Md. Shazzadur Rahman,&nbsp;A. H. M. Selim Reza,&nbsp;Md. Abu Bakar Siddique,&nbsp;Md. Ahedul Akbor,&nbsp;Mehedi Hasan","doi":"10.1186/s12302-023-00751-2","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12302-023-00751-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Groundwater and soil contaminated with arsenic (As) are significant environmental health concerns worldwide and have become a serious health issue for millions of Bangladeshis. This contaminated groundwater is commonly used for Boro rice production during the dry season in Bangladesh, leading to long-term As deposition in soils. The consequences of long-term irrigation with As-contaminated groundwater for bioaccumulation in food crops and hence dietary exposure to As and other metals are a threat to the resident. Highly arsenic (292 µg L⁻¹) contaminated groundwater used to irrigate in the study area increases the As content (mean: 24.5 mg kg⁻¹) in irrigated soil than non-irrigated soil (mean: 8.43 mg kg⁻¹). The high enrichment factor (mean: 16.8) and geo-accumulation index (mean: 2.33) revealed that the soil of that particular area is strongly contaminated by As. In paddy, roots showed the maximum As concentration (mean: 139.8 mg kg⁻¹) followed by straws (mean: 5.25 mg kg⁻¹) and grains (mean: 1.23 mg kg⁻¹) where 85–95% As exist in the roots of paddy, and only 0.8–1% As translocate to the harvesting part of the rice in the study area. In food samples, two rice grains (R-1, R-3) and a drumstick (FS-5) exceed the Indian standard of As concentration (As: 1.1 mg kg⁻¹) in food. According to World Health Organization, the metals concentrations in all food samples exceeded the permissible limit except for Cu and Pb in red amaranth; Cr, Cd, and Pb in guava; and Cu and Cd in drumsticks. Higher values of bioaccumulation factor (BAF: 2.94) and the net translocation coefficient (NTC: 6.17) indicate As-accumulation in food from adjacent contaminated soil. Daily metal intake from food consumption suggests that the heavy metal(loid)s like As, Ni, and Pb represent high concentrations and exceed the daily ingestion limits (As: 3 µg kg⁻¹ day⁻¹, Ni: 1.3 µg kg⁻¹ day⁻¹, and Pb: 3.57 µg kg⁻¹ day⁻¹) developed by the Food and Agriculture Organization and European Food Safety Authority. Carcinogenic (&gt; 10^–6) and non-carcinogenic (HQ &gt; 1) health risks of As, Pb, Cd, and Cu suggest that the community was at potential health risk according to the United States Environmental Protection Agency.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":54293,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Sciences Europe","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2023-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://enveurope.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s12302-023-00751-2","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"4865506","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fashionable epoxy/clay nanocomposites using modified clay-loaded methyl blue dye","authors":"Nazeeha S. Alkayal,&nbsp;Sobhy E. Elsilk,&nbsp;Abeer S. Elsherbiny,&nbsp;Nehal A. Salahuddin","doi":"10.1186/s12302-023-00742-3","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12302-023-00742-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this work, the elimination of methyl blue (MB) acidic dye from an aqueous solution was investigated using two types of modified montmorillonite. One was modified with dimethyl benzyl hydrogenated tallow ammonium chloride which was named claytone (APA). The other montmorillonite is modified with poly oxy propylene diamine (Jeffamine D-2000) and was referred to as clayD2000. The adsorption efficiency of claytone and clay D2000 was 1.4 mg/g at pH 2 and 1.4 mg/g at pH 6, respectively, after 60 min. Pseudo-second-order was the best model to explain the adsorption process for both surfaces. The maximum adsorption capacity, q_max according to Langmuir isotherm was 2.75 mg/g and 2.56 mg/g for claytone and clayD2000, respectively. The adsorption of MB on claytone was endothermic and exothermic for the adsorption on clayD2000. Additionally, the adsorption of MB on claytone was a favorable process and the uptake of MB on clayD2000 was favorable only at lower temperatures. A new approach was applied to valorize the colored loaded clays with MB dyes through the incorporation of the two products (MB/claytone and MB/clayD2000) into epoxy resin to fabricate colored epoxy nanocomposites that are stylish. The obtained nanocomposites were characterized using several techniques. The results of transmission electron microscopy (TEM) showed that the clay-loaded MB dye nanosheets were well distributed in the epoxy matrix. Thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) exhibited that the epoxy/MB/clay nanocomposites were thermally stable compared with that of bare epoxy resin. The Vickers hardness test indicates that the hardness of the epoxy/MB/clay nanocomposites was significantly improved despite the addition of a minor amount of modified clay-loaded MB dye in comparison with unmodified epoxy resin. Moreover, the antimicrobial activity of the obtained nanocomposites has been tested against several types of bacteria and yeast. This study reveals the ability to use the solid wastes which are resulted from wastewater treatment for enhancing the properties of the epoxy polymer to suit various industrial requirements.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":54293,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Sciences Europe","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2023-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://enveurope.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s12302-023-00742-3","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"4501592","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unveiling the hidden economic toll of biological invasions in the European Union","authors":"Morgane Henry,&nbsp;Brian Leung,&nbsp;Ross N. Cuthbert,&nbsp;Thomas W. Bodey,&nbsp;Danish A. Ahmed,&nbsp;Elena Angulo,&nbsp;Paride Balzani,&nbsp;Elizabeta Briski,&nbsp;Franck Courchamp,&nbsp;Philip E. Hulme,&nbsp;Antonín Kouba,&nbsp;Melina Kourantidou,&nbsp;Chunlong Liu,&nbsp;Rafael L. Macêdo,&nbsp;Francisco J. Oficialdegui,&nbsp;David Renault,&nbsp;Ismael Soto,&nbsp;Ali Serhan Tarkan,&nbsp;Anna J. Turbelin,&nbsp;Corey J. A. Bradshaw,&nbsp;Phillip J. Haubrock","doi":"10.1186/s12302-023-00750-3","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12302-023-00750-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Biological invasions threaten the functioning of ecosystems, biodiversity, and human well-being by degrading ecosystem services and eliciting massive economic costs. The European Union has historically been a hub for cultural development and global trade, and thus, has extensive opportunities for the introduction and spread of alien species. While reported costs of biological invasions to some member states have been recently assessed, ongoing knowledge gaps in taxonomic and spatio-temporal data suggest that these costs were considerably underestimated.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>We used the latest available cost data in <i>InvaCost</i> (v4.1)—the most comprehensive database on the costs of biological invasions—to assess the magnitude of this underestimation within the European Union via projections of current and future invasion costs. We used macroeconomic scaling and temporal modelling approaches to project available cost information over gaps in taxa, space, and time, thereby producing a more complete estimate for the European Union economy. We identified that only 259 out of 13,331 (~ 1%) known invasive alien species have reported costs in the European Union. Using a conservative subset of highly reliable, observed, country-level cost entries from 49 species (totalling US$4.7 billion; 2017 value), combined with the establishment data of alien species within European Union member states, we projected unreported cost data for all member states.</p><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Our corrected estimate of observed costs was potentially 501% higher (US$28.0 billion) than currently recorded. Using future projections of current estimates, we also identified a substantial increase in costs and costly species (US$148.2 billion) by 2040. We urge that cost reporting be improved to clarify the economic impacts of greatest concern, concomitant with coordinated international action to prevent and mitigate the impacts of invasive alien species in the European Union and globally.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":54293,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Sciences Europe","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2023-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://enveurope.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s12302-023-00750-3","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"4343345","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preferences for policy measures to regulate urban vehicle access for climate change mitigation","authors":"Gabriel Ayobami Ogunkunbi,&nbsp;Ferenc Meszaros","doi":"10.1186/s12302-023-00745-0","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12302-023-00745-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In cognisance of the urgent need to decarbonise the transport sector to limit its impact on climate change and to internalise other negative transport externalities, regulating vehicle access in urban areas is essential. However, urban areas often struggle to implement these regulations due to concerns relating to social acceptability, heterogeneity of citizen preferences, lack of information on preferred measure attributes, and other factors that can boost the acceptance of urban vehicle access regulations. This study explores the acceptability and willingness to support Urban Vehicle Access Regulations (UVAR) in Budapest, Hungary to reduce transportation emissions and promote sustainable urban mobility. Using a structured questionnaire, which includes a choice-based conjoint exercise, the study finds that 42% of respondents were willing to support a car-free policy measure. Results were analysed to elicit preferences for specific UVAR measure attributes, identify population subgroups, and assess factors influencing willingness to support UVAR implementation. Access fee and proportion of revenue earmarked for transport development were the most important attributes to respondents. The study also identified three distinct subgroups of respondents with differing preferences, which could be characterised based on access to passenger cars, age, and employment status. The findings suggest that for effective UVAR, access fees for non-compliant vehicles should be excluded from measure designs, and the attribute preference approach highlights the importance of considering the heterogeneity of residents’ preferences in UVAR measure planning.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":54293,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Sciences Europe","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2023-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://enveurope.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s12302-023-00745-0","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"4257302","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Population structure and insecticide response of Gammarus spp. in agricultural and upstream forested sites of small streams","authors":"Anke Schneeweiss,&nbsp;Verena C. Schreiner,&nbsp;Matthias Liess,&nbsp;Nina Röder,&nbsp;Klaus Schwenk,&nbsp;Ralf B. Schäfer","doi":"10.1186/s12302-023-00747-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12302-023-00747-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Exposure to pesticides may cause adaptation not only in agricultural pests and pathogens, but also in non-target organisms. Previous studies mainly searched for adaptations in non-target organisms in pesticide-polluted sites. However, organisms may propagate heritable pesticide effects, such as increased tolerance, to non-exposed populations through gene flow. We examined the pesticide tolerance—as one of the pre-assumptions of local adaptation—of the freshwater crustacean <i>Gammarus</i> spp. (at genus level reflecting the gammarid community). The pesticide tolerance was quantified in acute toxicity tests using the insecticide imidacloprid. Gammarids were sampled at pesticide-polluted agricultural sites (termed agriculture), least impacted upstream sites (termed refuge) and transitional sites (termed edge) in six small streams of south-west Germany. Furthermore, we examined the population genetic structure of <i>Gammarus fossarum</i> and the energy reserves (here lipid content) of <i>G. fossarum</i> as well as of <i>Gammarus</i> spp. at the three site types (i.e. agriculture, edge and refuge). We found significantly lower imidacloprid tolerance of <i>Gammarus</i> spp. from agricultural sites compared to edge and refuge sites, potentially due to higher environmental stress at agricultural sites, as indicated by a slightly lower lipid content per mg gammarid tissue. We found no differences in pesticide tolerance between edge and refuge populations, indicating no propagation of pesticide effects to edges. The genetic structure among <i>G. fossarum</i> populations showed significant differentiation between streams, but not within a stream across the site types. We suggest that high gene flow within each stream hindered population differentiation and resulted in similar (pre)adaptations to local stress levels between site types, although they exhibited different pesticide pollution. Further studies on target genes (e.g., conferring pesticide tolerance), population structure and fitness of different phenotypes in particular among non-target organisms are required for adjacent pristine ecosystems to detect potential propagations of pesticide effects.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":54293,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Sciences Europe","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2023-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://enveurope.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s12302-023-00747-y","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"4128639","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Screening and prioritising persistent, mobile and toxic chemicals: development and application of a robust scoring system","authors":"Julia Hartmann,&nbsp;Emiel Rorije,&nbsp;Pim N. H. Wassenaar,&nbsp;Eric Verbruggen","doi":"10.1186/s12302-023-00749-w","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12302-023-00749-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Lately scientific and societal concern has emerged about persistent (P), mobile (M) and toxic (T) chemicals. Such chemicals, like some polyfluoroalkyl acids (PFAAs), are of concern due to their high mobility and persistence in aquatic compartments which relates to long-term biotic exposure and difficult removal from drinking water. In this study, a screening approach for identification of PMT chemicals was developed and applied to 6158 diverse chemicals.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>Chemicals are given a continuous score for P, M and T potential based on the modelled indicators (low to moderate potential is a score of 0–0.33, high potential is a score of 0.33–0.5 and very high potential a score of 0.5–1). The P score was based on the estimated aquatic environmental half life and the M score on the chemical’s organic carbon/water partition coefficient (<i>K</i>_oc) using respectively the BIOWIN3 and KocWIN QSAR models of EPISuite™. The T score was based on the indicators for five human health endpoints: carcinogenicity (<i>c</i>), mutaganicity (<i>m</i>), reprotoxicity (<i>r</i>), endocrine disruption (ED) and general repeated dose systemic toxicity. Structural alerts for these endpoints taken from the OECD QSAR Toolbox™ and Toxtree™ were used as indicators of potential (human) toxicity. Chemical similarity values to Substances of Very High Concern (SVHC) with <i>c, m</i> and/or <i>r</i> properties were also included. Value functions were developed to translate the presence of alerts and similarity to the existing SVHCs to values between 0 and 1. Subsequently, all values were also aggregated to an overall PMT score, again ranging from 0 to 1. Applying the approach to chemicals from the Inventory of Existing Commercial chemical Substances, which are also REACH registered, resulted in 15% of the chemicals receiving high scores (≥ 0.33) for all three (P-, M- and T-) indicators and 4% getting very high scores (≥ 0.5) for both the P- and M-indicators.</p><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>The approach confirmed the properties of chemicals classified as SVHC due to PMT properties (e.g. 1,4-dioxane), illustrating the ability of the approach to identify PMT chemicals of concern. Water regulators, drinking water suppliers and others can use this approach to identify potential PMT/vPvM chemicals that need further investigation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":54293,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Sciences Europe","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2023-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://enveurope.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s12302-023-00749-w","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"4089746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}