{"title":"Un diplôme qui fait la différence ? Le CAP dans les années 1950-1970","authors":"G. Moreau","doi":"10.3917/lms1.281.0119","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3917/lms1.281.0119","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:With the rise of the CAP (certificat d'aptitude professionnelle), young people in the 1950s to 1970s had a new training option after their compulsory primary education: they could continue their education and specialise in a wide variety of trades. However, not everyone could pursue a CAP: there were strict prerequisites relating to family situation and primary school results, which had to be good because admission to the CAP was selective. The CAP definitely had long-lasting effects on the career paths of young people who earned it, with frequent intergenerational mobility, but these effects appear to have been stronger for men than for women. The CAP also helped farmers' children become wage earners and enabled some young women to remain in the labour market even after marriage and childbirth.RÉSUMÉS:Avec l'essor du CAP (certificat d'aptitude professionnelle), les jeunes des années 1950-1970 disposent d'une nouvelle offre de formation à l'issue de l'enseignement primaire obligatoire : ils peuvent ainsi prolonger leur formation et se spécialiser dans une grande diversité de métiers. Pour autant, tous n'accèdent pas au CAP : des conditions sine qua non doivent être réunies, relatives à la famille et aux résultats scolaires en primaire, qui doivent d'autant plus être corrects qu'une sélection est organisée à l'entrée en CAP. Les effets de l'obtention du CAP sur les trajectoires des jeunes qui l'obtiennent sont indéniables et de longue durée, avec des mobilités intergénérationnelles fréquentes, mais semblent plus efficients du côté masculin que féminin. Le CAP a contribué à convertir les enfants de paysans au salariat et il a permis à une partie des jeunes femmes, dans cette période, de se maintenir sur le marché du travail, au-delà du mariage et de la naissance des enfants.","PeriodicalId":54158,"journal":{"name":"Mouvement Social","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49275289","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Cultures du travail","authors":"","doi":"10.3917/lms1.281.0156","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3917/lms1.281.0156","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54158,"journal":{"name":"Mouvement Social","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47699687","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Entre l'école et l'atelier, des apprentis sous l'œil des psychologues des années 1950","authors":"Jérôme Martin","doi":"10.3917/lms1.281.0025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3917/lms1.281.0025","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:In the 1950s, psychologists conducted numerous surveys of apprentices enrolled in apprenticeship centres. These psychologists, working with several research laboratories, used different methods (psychotechnical, statistical and clinical) to study a specific student population located partway between schools and workshops. By drawing a psychosociological portrait of this youth population, these psychologists investigated this form of adolescence in a working-class environment.RÉSUMÉS:Dans les années 1950, des psychologues mènent de nombreuses enquêtes sur les apprentis scolarisés dans les centres d'apprentissage. Issus de plusieurs laboratoires, ils mobilisent différentes méthodes (psychotechniques, statistiques, cliniques) pour étudier une population scolarisée particulière, entre l'école et l'atelier. Dressant un portrait psychosociologique de cette jeunesse, les psychologues s'interrogent sur cette forme d'adolescence en milieu populaire.","PeriodicalId":54158,"journal":{"name":"Mouvement Social","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43500565","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Jeunes au travail et en formation dans les enquêtes de la JOC (1959-1970)","authors":"L. Machu","doi":"10.3917/lms1.281.0043","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3917/lms1.281.0043","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:In the 1960s, the Young Christian Workers (YCW) conducted a series of surveys on the working conditions, training and vocational orientations of young people from working-class backgrounds. This paper highlights these surveys' contribution to understanding young people's relationship to work and training. In addition to the archives that allow us to understand how knowledge was built up, these surveys were conducted alongside militant activities that encouraged the young people to speak out. For working-class youth, their aspirations for further education were not yet focused on the baccalauréat, but rather on technical education, with expectations of gaining genuine vocational skills.RÉSUMÉS:Dans les années 1960, la Jeunesse ouvrière chrétienne (JOC) réalise une série d'enquêtes sur les conditions de travail, de formation ou d'orientation professionnelle des jeunes de milieu populaire. L'article met en lumière l'intérêt de ces enquêtes pour comprendre le rapport des jeunes au travail et à la formation. Outre les archives qui permettent de saisir la constitution des savoirs, le travail militant qui accompagne les enquêtes laisse aussi entendre la parole des jeunes enquêtés. Pour les jeunes de milieu populaire, l'aspiration à la poursuite d'étude ne se dirige pas encore vers le baccalauréat et la demande de formation se concentre sur l'enseignement technique, dont une véritable formation professionnelle est attendue.","PeriodicalId":54158,"journal":{"name":"Mouvement Social","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45116675","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Les conditions sociales d'une assistance « sans condition » L'asile de nuit de La Mie de Pain pendant les Trente Glorieuses","authors":"Mauricio Aranda","doi":"10.3917/lms1.280.0075","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3917/lms1.280.0075","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:The \"Trente Glorieuses\" was a period of economic growth and strengthened social protection for wage earners. It also saw a reshaping of the ties between public authorities and non-profits with regard to shelters for the socially marginalised. In this context, why did certain charities want to maintain independently-managed night shelters, instead of benefiting from state subsidies and recognition? This paper analyses the social conditions that allowed them to continue as private charity, said to be \"unconditional\". Through the case of La Mie de Pain, an emblematic charitable organisation that provided aid to the homeless, the objective is to show how a whole chain of interconnections, linking donors, volunteers and the people they serve, allowed this assistance to exist on the margins of public action. This type of overnight shelter did not receive subsidies and was not officially termed \"emergency accommodation\" until the end of the Trente Glorieuses.Abstract:Période de croissance économique et de renforcement de la protection sociale des salariés, les Trente Glorieuses constituent aussi une phase de redéfinition des liens entre pouvoirs publics et associations autour d'un hébergement de réadaptation sociale pour les marginaux. Comment comprendre que, dans ce contexte, des œuvres veuillent maintenir des asiles de nuit gérés de manière autonome, au lieu de bénéficier des subsides et de la reconnaissance de l'État ? L'article analyse les conditions sociales autorisant celles-ci à persévérer dans une charité privée, dite sans condition. En étudiant le cas de La Mie de Pain, œuvre emblématique de l'aide aux sans-abri, l'objectif consiste à montrer la manière par laquelle toute une chaîne d'interdépendances, reliant donateurs, bénévoles et accueillis, permet à cette assistance d'exister aux marges de l'action publique. Ce n'est qu'à la fin de la période que ce type d'accueil à la nuitée reçoit des subventions et le nom d'hébergement d'urgence.","PeriodicalId":54158,"journal":{"name":"Mouvement Social","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42970245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Perrier, Aurélien Lignereux, Nicolas Tardits, Dominique Pinsolle, C. Vast, Charles Bosvieux-Onyekwelu
{"title":"Histoire sociale de l’administration française","authors":"A. Perrier, Aurélien Lignereux, Nicolas Tardits, Dominique Pinsolle, C. Vast, Charles Bosvieux-Onyekwelu","doi":"10.3917/lms1.280.0159","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3917/lms1.280.0159","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54158,"journal":{"name":"Mouvement Social","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49043000","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}