International Journal of Health and Allied Sciences最新文献

{"title":"Diagnostically fighting the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic: A general perspective","authors":"P. Ramesh, Brunda Arun, Devananda Devegowda","doi":"10.4103/ijhas.IJHAS_217_20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijhas.IJHAS_217_20","url":null,"abstract":"The recent outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus 2 has brought human survival and existence to an all-time low. The infection seems to be uncontrollable, and the scientific community has no answer yet. The only means of keeping the infection under the check is the effective usage of both serological and molecular diagnostic testing. The article provides the readers with the basic understanding of the current pandemic situation and educates them regarding the same. It is essential that members of all the scientific background are aware of the current pandemic at its basic level. This would direct the scientific community to work toward warding off the pandemic which is the need of the hour.","PeriodicalId":54094,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Health and Allied Sciences","volume":"35 1","pages":"108 - 114"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84386170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A case of the unanticipated difficult airway where bougie was used as a conduit over I gel as a rescue airway for one-lung ventilation under direct vision of fiberoptic bronchoscopy","authors":"Shalendra Singh, Arijit Ray, D. Dwivedi, Saurabh Sud, Priya Taank","doi":"10.4103/ijhas.IJHAS_38_20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijhas.IJHAS_38_20","url":null,"abstract":"The basic foremost step for any surgery done under general anesthesia is to place an endotracheal tube (ETT) into the trachea. Placement of a definitive airway is vital to maintain a critical level of oxygen in the end organ during apnea time. There are multiple ways revealed in the literature to place ETT into the trachea. Sometimes, placement can be achieved speedily at the critical time with the experience of anesthesiologist and availability of different airway adjutants. Here, we describe a case of ETT intubation using bougie as a conduit over I gel under direct vision of fiberoptic bronchoscopy in a thymic enhancing mass.","PeriodicalId":54094,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Health and Allied Sciences","volume":"227 1","pages":"173 - 174"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76326296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Is the panoramic radiography sufficient for detecting the relationship of the posterior maxillary teeth with maxillary sinus floor? A retrospective study comparative with cone-beam computed tomography","authors":"F. Dogan, Bilgun Cetin, F. Akgünlü","doi":"10.4103/ijhas.IJHAS_281_20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijhas.IJHAS_281_20","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND: The topographical description of the relationship between the upper posterior roots and the maxillary sinus is essential for decreasing the risk of complications during surgical or nonsurgical procedures and to detect possible sinus pathologies. For the evaluation, the most commonly used imaging method is panoramic radiography. This study aims to investigate the reliability of panoramic radiography according to cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT), which is extremely successful in the three-dimensional evaluation, by examining the relationship between the maxillary teeth and the sinus floor. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 350 teeth were analyzed according to their topographic relationship to the maxillary sinus using panoramic and CBCT images. Two parameters were used to evaluate the safety of the panoramic radiograph on the posterior maxillary region. First, the topographic relationship was classified according to the criteria organized by Shahbazian et al. and compared both the imaging methods by the McNemar–Bowker test. Then, the diagnostic reliability test was performed for panoramic radiography according to the topographic classification. Second, 248 linear vertical measurements were made between the apexes of the roots and the sinus floor in the maxillary posterior region and then compared between the panoramic and the CBCT images. RESULTS: The McNemar–Bowker test showed that there was a significant relationship between the two imaging methods in both the dental groups (premolar teeth P = 0.030 and molar teeth P = 0.014). Furthermore, a total of 124 measurements were analyzed using the Mann–Whitney U-test and no statistically significant difference was found between the two imaging methods (P = 0.576). CONCLUSION: Although reliable results were obtained in panoramic radiographs when compared to CBCT images, panoramic radiography may not be sufficient before the surgical procedure. Nevertheless, when the posterior maxillary teeth are not too close to the sinus floor, panoramic radiographs can be used safely for the initial diagnostic evaluation.","PeriodicalId":54094,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Health and Allied Sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":"123 - 128"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75990066","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ensuring safe handling of the dead bodies of people succumbing to coronavirus disease-2019 infection","authors":"S. Shrivastava, P. Shrivastava","doi":"10.4103/ijhas.IJHAS_224_20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijhas.IJHAS_224_20","url":null,"abstract":"The coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has resulted in the disruption of the lives of everyone, with marginalized and high-risk population groups being the most affected. As the transmission of the virus is predominantly through close contact or respiratory droplets or fomites, it becomes a careful consideration to carefully handle the bodies of the people who have lost their lives either as a suspected or as a confirmed case of the disease. As there is a definite possibility of the presence of the live virus in the organs of a patient who died when s/he was infectious, it becomes a mandatory requirement to ensure the provision of safety measures. In conclusion, it is of paramount importance to safely deal with the bodies of the people who have died due to COVID-19 infection. However, it becomes equally important to maintain the dignity of the dead and respect the cultural norms of the family as well as the community and at the same time taking adequate measures to ensure safety.","PeriodicalId":54094,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Health and Allied Sciences","volume":"14 1","pages":"167 - 168"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90007001","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anesthetic management of a case of post tubercular unilateral total lung fibrosis undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy","authors":"A. Barik, Ashutosh Kaushal, Ajit Kumar, Jaharan Mohanta","doi":"10.4103/ijhas.IJHAS_219_20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijhas.IJHAS_219_20","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54094,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Health and Allied Sciences","volume":"11 1","pages":"180 - 182"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87695600","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Does higher consumption of white rice increase the risk of type 2 diabetes?","authors":"C. Okechukwu","doi":"10.4103/ijhas.IJHAS_245_20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijhas.IJHAS_245_20","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54094,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Health and Allied Sciences","volume":"33 1","pages":"175 - 176"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87513347","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Relation between dermatoglyphic patterns and intelligence quotient and socioeconomic status in healthy children and children with intellectual disability: An observational study","authors":"S. Nirmala, N. Tharay, S. Nuvvula","doi":"10.4103/ijhas.IJHAS_96_20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijhas.IJHAS_96_20","url":null,"abstract":"AIM: To measure the intelligence quotient (IQ) and documentation of dermatoglyphic patterns of normal and children with intellectually disability aged between the 5-11 years. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The present study was conducted in two schools and the Red Cross Society. A total of 100 children aged between 5-11 years equally owed into two groups based on IQ using adaptive covariate randomization. Ravens Progressive Color Matrices were used to measure IQ of the children, whereas IQ of intellectually disabled (ID) children was measured by the Seguin board; both the scales are nonverbal intelligence scales, respectively. Bilateral palmar and fingerprints were obtained on the bond paper by the ink method using the rolling technique. Prints thus purchased were analyzed for the dermatoglyphic variables using a magnification lens and are read based on Cummins and Midlo classification The children were also classified according to the socioeconomic status of their parents and whether any correlation exists between IQ and socioeconomic status exists was assessed. The analysis performed by using the crosstabs and Chi-square tests for fingertip patterns and creases. For ATD angle, (a, t, d Triradii Angle) t-test for the equality of means performed. For statistical significance, two-tailed probability values of <0.05 considered as significant. RESULTS: Among the children with below-average IQ and also the ID children difference in dermatoglyphic patterns exists in between digits I, II, IV, and V of the right hand and digits I, II, III, and V of the left side. CONCLUSION: Dermatoglyphics can consider as a preliminary noninvasive approach for the determination of IQ. Furthermore, it plays an imperative role, especially in distinguishing genetic intellectual disabilities. There was no association between socioeconomic status and IQ of children.","PeriodicalId":54094,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Health and Allied Sciences","volume":"16 1","pages":"129 - 133"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80579046","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Key population of HIV should not be forgotten in Africa's COVID-19 response: Nigeria as a case study","authors":"Folami Balogun, Y. Adebisi, Pascal Akahome","doi":"10.4103/ijhas.IJHAS_257_20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijhas.IJHAS_257_20","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54094,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Health and Allied Sciences","volume":"82 1","pages":"185 - 187"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85969977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Kolaviron ameliorates toxic effects of aluminum chloride on the hippocampus of fetal Wistar rats in utero: Biochemical and ultrastructural observations","authors":"S. Lewu, B. Enaibe","doi":"10.4103/ijhas.IJHAS_117_20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijhas.IJHAS_117_20","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND: This study was designed to investigate the biochemical and ultrastructural effects of kolaviron (Kv) on the hippocampus of fetal Wistar rats exposed to aluminum chloride (AlCl3) toxicity in utero. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Fifty female Wistar rats were selected at random and mated. Following confirmation of mating, pregnant rats were assigned into five groups (n = 5). Controls: Group A received distilled water; Group B: 0.6 ml of corn oil; Group C: 200 mg/kg of Kv; Group D: 100 mg/kg of AlCl3 and Group E 100 mg/kg of AlCl3 and 200 mg/kg of Kv. Administration was done from days 8-10 and 15-17 of gestation during the 2nd and 3rd weeks respectively. Biochemical analyses were investigated to assess oxidative stress levels, while transmission electron microscopy (TEM) examined ultrastructural changes. Pregnant animals were sacrificed on day 20 of gestation; fetuses, their brains, and hippocampi were excised, respectively. Hippocampal tissues of fetuses were homogenized in 0.25 M of sucrose solution for biochemical assay while some were fixed in 2.5% phosphate-buffered saline-based glutaraldehyde for TEM. RESULTS: Elevated levels of Al, malondialdehyde, nitric oxide, and interleukin 6 were observed in the hippocampi of fetuses whose mothers received AlCl3. TEM revealed loss of nuclear membrane and increased condensation of chromatin materials in the same group. However, significant reduction of these enzymes including improved ultrastructural alterations were observed in the fetal hippocampus of the AlCl3 + Kv-treated group. CONCLUSION: This study showed that Kv significantly reduced neurodegenerative effects induced by AlCl3 in the hippocampii of fetal Wistar rats in utero probably owing to its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties.","PeriodicalId":54094,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Health and Allied Sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":"115 - 122"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89894541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cervical spine range of motion and joint position sense in elite male cricketers: An observational study","authors":"S. Reid, Johnathan Fornasier, D. Redrup, S. McLeod","doi":"10.4103/ijhas.IJHAS_111_19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijhas.IJHAS_111_19","url":null,"abstract":"OBJECTIVE: The aims of the current study were to (1) establish baseline data for cervical range of motion (CROM) and joint position sense (JPS) in elite male cricketers, (2) determine whether these players had differences when compared to healthy adults, and (3) establish a reference set of values for future investigations. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Design: Repeated measures, observational study. Participants: Thirty-one elite cricketers, aged 18–35 years. Setting: Cricket New South Wales at the Sydney Cricket Ground, Sydney, Australia. Outcome measures: Cervical rotation was measured with a CROM device and JPS using the joint position error (JPE) laser method with two protocols: repositioning to straight ahead and to 80% of maximum rotation. RESULTS: Mean right and left rotation were less than healthy normals by 6.5° (P < 0.001) and 4.2° (P < 0.001), respectively. In the preseason, 26% of cricketers had JPE >4.5° repositioning to straight ahead, which is 11% greater than the general population and 87% had JPE >4.5° when repositioning to 80% rotation. Postseason, deficits in CROM were unchanged. Fewer players (22%) had JPE >4.5° when repositioning to straight ahead however JPE when repositioning to 80% of rotation increased 1° for both directions (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Contrary to the authors' hypothesis, preliminary findings from this study demonstrated that elite male cricketers in this cohort had deficits in CROM and JPS, compared to normal healthy adults. This has clinical implications for the use of physical therapies targeting JPS and restoring CROM pre- and post-head and neck injury. Therapists should account for preexisting, baseline asymmetries in the range of motion and JPE in male cricketers. Further research needs to validate these findings across adolescent and female cricketers and explore the interaction between cervical spine parameters, cricket biomechanics, and head or neck injury risk.","PeriodicalId":54094,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Health and Allied Sciences","volume":"20 1","pages":"134 - 140"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85776573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}