BUSINESS & PROFESSIONAL ETHICS JOURNAL最新文献_第7页

The effects of national culture and academic discipline on responses to ethical dilemmas: A comparison of students from turkey and the united states 民族文化和学术纪律对伦理困境反应的影响:土耳其和美国学生的比较

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BUSINESS & PROFESSIONAL ETHICS JOURNAL Pub Date : 2005-11-01 DOI: 10.5840/BPEJ200524325

L. Kidwell, S. Arzova, A. E. Gegez

引用次数: 2

Corporations: Amoral Machines or Moral Persons? 公司:不道德的机器还是道德的人?

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BUSINESS & PROFESSIONAL ETHICS JOURNAL Pub Date : 2005-11-01 DOI: 10.5840/BPEJ200524327

Adrian Henriques

{"title":"Corporations: Amoral Machines or Moral Persons?","authors":"Adrian Henriques","doi":"10.5840/BPEJ200524327","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5840/BPEJ200524327","url":null,"abstract":"The common sense view of a company is that it is not a person in the sense in which individual humans are people. Yet many are quite ready to blame companies for their acts, to sometimes praise them, and even to prosecute them for manslaughter: as if they are people. Thus there has been an on-going philosophical debate as to whether it is proper to confer 'person hood' on companies, to the extent they can be said to be moral agents, who are responsible in a moral sense for their actions and omissions. There are still some companies which claim that they are just economic agents having no responsibility beyond economic efficiency. Strangely, they may, purely voluntarily, also make substantial charitable donations. Other companies realize that they are powerful actors in today's global society and as such they are indeed moral agents. Some of the latter embrace corporate social responsibility (CSR). The CSR perspective appears to take for granted that companies are persons and indeed as 'corporate citizenship' goes further, considering them also citizens, enjoying rights and duties and certainly capable of moral standing. Behind the challenge and coun ter-challenge of NGO campaigns against companies lies the assumption that","PeriodicalId":53983,"journal":{"name":"BUSINESS & PROFESSIONAL ETHICS JOURNAL","volume":"24 1","pages":"91-99"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2005-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71240015","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5

‘I Want Your Shower Time!’: Drowning in Work and the Erosion of Life “我要你洗澡!”:淹没在工作和生活的侵蚀

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BUSINESS & PROFESSIONAL ETHICS JOURNAL Pub Date : 2005-11-01 DOI: 10.5840/BPEJ200524417

Christopher Michaelson

引用次数: 28

The Ethical Significance of Cost-Benefit Analysis in Business and The Professions 成本效益分析在商业和专业中的伦理意义

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BUSINESS & PROFESSIONAL ETHICS JOURNAL Pub Date : 2005-11-01 DOI: 10.5840/BPEJ200524323

R. Audi

{"title":"The Ethical Significance of Cost-Benefit Analysis in Business and The Professions","authors":"R. Audi","doi":"10.5840/BPEJ200524323","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5840/BPEJ200524323","url":null,"abstract":"ism, probability assignments are crucial in certain kinds of moral decisions. Utilitarianism also encourages quantification of whatever values are to be promoted, such as human happiness or, on a hedonistic version, pleasure and the reduction of pain. Given its emphasis on quantification, utilitarian ism is sometimes taken to be quantitative rather than qualitative. But the position is not unqualifiedly quantitative, nor is it the only ethical theory that gives probability a major role and attempts, in some way, to quantify value. The view can also be qualitative, as in the case of Mill's version, which distinguishes between pleasures in a way that permits considering some of them intrinsically better than others (Mill, 1957, p. 12). My aim here is to explicate some of the ethical uses of a form of cost benefit analysis, to explore the extent to which it may be employed by moral theories other than utilitarianism, and consider both some points about the nature of intrinsic value and the possibility of treating it quantitatively as well as qualitatively. The results are intended to be of use in moral reflec tion of many kinds and to facilitate reflection in business and professional ethics as well as on matters of ethical theory.","PeriodicalId":53983,"journal":{"name":"BUSINESS & PROFESSIONAL ETHICS JOURNAL","volume":"24 1","pages":"3-21"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2005-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71239884","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6

Pharmaceutical Corporations and the Duty to Aid in HIV/AIDS Epidemic 制药公司与防治艾滋病毒/艾滋病的责任

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BUSINESS & PROFESSIONAL ETHICS JOURNAL Pub Date : 2005-11-01 DOI: 10.5840/BPEJ200524419

A. Ho

{"title":"Pharmaceutical Corporations and the Duty to Aid in HIV/AIDS Epidemic","authors":"A. Ho","doi":"10.5840/BPEJ200524419","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5840/BPEJ200524419","url":null,"abstract":"At the ministerial conference held in Doha in 2001, the World Trade Organization (WTO) pointed out that public health problems resulting from tuberculosis, malaria, and other epidemics are afflicting many developing and least developed countries (LDCs).2 It reiterated the organization's commitment to Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS Agreement), but affirmed that the Agreement can and should be interpreted and implemented in a manner supportive of WTO members' right to protect public health and, in particular, to promote access to medicines for all. While the WTO's plea was directed at various member nation states, in recent years some have argued that for-profit pharm aceutical corporations also have a moral duty to help promote access to essential medicines in the LDCs. This essay will focus on the HIV/AIDS epidemic in LDCs and examine whether or not multinational pharmaceutical corporations that pro duce AIDS medication have a moral duty to help ease the disproportionate disease burden. While there are many third-world infectious diseases that are affecting LDCs, this article will only focus on HIV/AIDS, which is unique partly because it is not solely a third-world disease. Unlike many infectious diseases such as TB and malaria, which are concentrated in LDCs with limited ability to pay for health care and thus have long been neglected","PeriodicalId":53983,"journal":{"name":"BUSINESS & PROFESSIONAL ETHICS JOURNAL","volume":"24 1","pages":"51-81"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2005-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71240085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

The Recurring Governance Crisis: Director Independence and the Disconnect Between Structural Reform and Conduct 反复出现的治理危机:董事独立与结构改革与行为之间的脱节

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BUSINESS & PROFESSIONAL ETHICS JOURNAL Pub Date : 2005-11-01 DOI: 10.5840/BPEJ200524420

C. Plessis

{"title":"The Recurring Governance Crisis: Director Independence and the Disconnect Between Structural Reform and Conduct","authors":"C. Plessis","doi":"10.5840/BPEJ200524420","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5840/BPEJ200524420","url":null,"abstract":"Governance reform, introduced after the corporate scandals of the 1980s and 1990s, failed to significantly improve corporate conduct and accountability. That much is evidenced by the accounting and other scandals that have held us captive since the first word on Enron hit the street. With what confidence should we then embrace the post-Enron reforms introduced by the same reformers, such as the SEC, Congress, the Federal Accounting Standards Board (FASB), The Conference Board, the NYSE and NASDAQ, and the courts in Delaware? In a short history of what they call the \"revolutionary idea of the company,\" Micklethwait and Wooldridge describe the Sarbanes Oxley Act of 2002 (SOX), as \"arguably the toughest piece of corporate legislation since the 1930s\" (2003:151).1 Their assertion about the far-reaching effect of SOX should pique our interest about whether recent reform initiatives will have the same staying power as did the 1930s initiatives; such staying power likely based on the ability of SOX to produce the corporate conduct intended by reformers. Have reformers finally managed to settle the disconnect between structural reform and substantive conduct, or does the \"recurrent crisis in corporate governance\" (Mac A voy and Millstein, 2003) remain unresolved?2","PeriodicalId":53983,"journal":{"name":"BUSINESS & PROFESSIONAL ETHICS JOURNAL","volume":"24 1","pages":"83-111"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2005-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71240091","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Pharmaceutical Advertising to Consumers: Corporate Profits vs. Public Safety 面向消费者的医药广告:企业利润vs.公共安全

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BUSINESS & PROFESSIONAL ETHICS JOURNAL Pub Date : 2005-11-01 DOI: 10.5840/BPEJ200524324

P. Lansing, Michael Fricke

{"title":"Pharmaceutical Advertising to Consumers: Corporate Profits vs. Public Safety","authors":"P. Lansing, Michael Fricke","doi":"10.5840/BPEJ200524324","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5840/BPEJ200524324","url":null,"abstract":"In 1997, the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) restated its position on direct-to-consumer advertising of pharmaceutical products, for the first time allowing the broad marketing of prescription drugs through media such as television. In 2003, pharmaceutical companies spent an estimated $3.2 billion on advertising campaigns targeting American con sumers.1 In just six short years, the pharmaceutical advertising industry shifted from being virtually nonexistent to become the tenth largest adver tising category in the United States.2 For the companies footing the bill for these advertisements, however, this money needs to be recouped through higher and higher sales revenues. Add to this the average $800 million it costs to bring a new drug to market, and pharmaceutical companies find themselves under intense pressure to produce the latest and greatest \"blockbuster\" drug simply to cover their enormous R&D and marketing costs.3 The pharmaceutical industry and other proponents of direct-to consumer advertising claim that the FDA's loosening of its restrictions in 1997 has produced a more informed public and saved countless lives through early disease detection and prevention, even though some industry analysts point to less altruistic motives, such as immense pressure from drug makers who could see the money to be made with television advertising.4","PeriodicalId":53983,"journal":{"name":"BUSINESS & PROFESSIONAL ETHICS JOURNAL","volume":"24 1","pages":"23-36"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2005-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71239893","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Hospitality Industry Smoking Bans and Child Endangerment 酒店业禁烟令和儿童危害

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BUSINESS & PROFESSIONAL ETHICS JOURNAL Pub Date : 2005-11-01 DOI: 10.5840/BPEJ200524326

D. Cooley

引用次数: 2

Ethical Distancing: Rationalizing Violations of Organizational Norms 伦理距离:合理化违反组织规范

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BUSINESS & PROFESSIONAL ETHICS JOURNAL Pub Date : 2005-11-01 DOI: 10.5840/BPEJ200524328

J. Kaufmann, T. West, S. Ravenscroft, Charles B. Shrader

引用次数: 20

Are We Ready for God?: Value and Profit in Sustainable Development and Market Capitalism 我们准备好迎接神了吗?可持续发展与市场资本主义中的价值与利润

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BUSINESS & PROFESSIONAL ETHICS JOURNAL Pub Date : 2005-03-01 DOI: 10.5840/BPEJ2005241/24

P. Primeaux

引用次数: 1