Jurnal Cita Hukum-Indonesian Law Journal最新文献

{"title":"Влияние исследования и эксплуатации космических природных ресурсов на Индонезию с точки зрения аспектов национального права (The Legal Implications of Exploration and Exploitation of Space Natural Resources for Indonesia)","authors":"Laurentius Raymond Junior, Athari Farhani","doi":"10.15408/jch.v9i2.22193","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15408/jch.v9i2.22193","url":null,"abstract":"The commercialization of space in this century has become a new phenomenon that includes all kinds of activities that lead to exploration and even exploitation in space. These activities are carried out by the private sector or certain countries that have advanced technology capabilities in conducting exploration in space. Exploration activities in space are not only limited to the placement of remote sensing satellites, astronomical observations, power plants, or communication facilities but also led to the exploitation of natural resources in space. This certainly has an impact on Indonesia considering that national legal guarantees are not yet comprehensive in regulating space. Therefore this research was conducted to analyze how national laws regulate aspects of space and how the impact of exploration and exploitation of natural space resources for Indonesia. The results of this study illustrate that the existence of space has an important role for every country, especially Indonesia. Considering the existence and rapid development of space, Indonesia needs to provide a more comprehensive legal guarantee in regulating space, especially in the use of natural space resources.Keywords: Space, Exploration and Exploitation, Natural Resources. ABSTRAKKomersialisasi ruang angkasa di abad ini menjadi fenomena baru yang meliputi segala macam aktivitas yang mengarah pada eksplorasi bahkan eksploitasi di ruang angkasa. Aktivitas tersebut dilakukan oleh swasta maupun negara tertentu yang memiliki kemampuan teknologi canggih dalam melakukan penjelajahan di ruang angkasa. Kegiatan eksplorasi di ruang angkasa tidak hanya sebatas pada penempatan satelit penginderaan jarak jauh, observasi astronomi, pembangkit tenaga, atau sarana komunikasi namun juga sudah mengarah pada eksploitasi sumber daya alam di ruang angkasa. Hal tersebut tentu memberikan dampak bagi Indonesia mengingat jaminan hukum nasional belum begitu komprehensif mengatur berkenaan dengan ruang angkasa. Maka dari itu penelitian ini dilakukan untuk menganalisis bagaimana hukum nasional mengatur aspek ruang angkasa serta bagaimana dampak eksplorasi dan eksploitasi sumber daya alam ruang angkasa bagi Indonesia. Adapun hasil dari penelitian ini  memberikan gambaran bahwa keberadaan ruang angkasa memiliki peranan penting bagi setiap negara, khususnya Indonesia. Mengingat keberadaan serta perkembangan ruang angkasa begitu pesat, sehingga Indonesia perlu memberikan jaminan hukum yang lebih komprehensif dalam pengaturan ruang angkasa khususnya dalam pemanfaatan sumber daya alam ruang angkasa.Kata Kunci : Ruang Angkasa; Eksplorasi dan Eksploitasi; Sumber Daya Alam.    АннотацияКоммерциализация космоса в этом столетии стала новым явлением, которое включает в себя все виды деятельности, ведущие к исследованию и даже эксплуатации космоса. Подобные действия осуществляются частным сектором или некоторыми странами, которые обладают передовыми технологическими возможностями для проведения исследований в космосе.","PeriodicalId":53726,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Cita Hukum-Indonesian Law Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44308078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Public Administration as One of the Forms for Exercising State Power","authors":"S. Serohina, Olena Mykolayivna Mykolenko, V. Seliukov, O. Lialiuk","doi":"10.15408/jch.v9i2.21692","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15408/jch.v9i2.21692","url":null,"abstract":"The problematic issues related to the definition of public administration as one of the forms of exercising state power are considered. The level of how the quality of public administration processes affects the functioning of the state system and its key mechanisms is analyzed. An important emphasis is placed on the fact that the most useful of the successful practices of public administration in developed countries can be adopted for the state system of Ukraine. Modern problems and ways of their effective solution at different levels of state and local administration are actualized. The analysis of the basic structural elements of qualitative public administration, the level of their influence on processes of realization of the state-power powers within functioning of the state system is offered. For example, it explains whether transparency and impartiality do have a significant impact on the efficiency of public administration. The efficiency (effectiveness) of various, \"non-traditional\" ways and means of realization of public-administrative activity is established. The conclusions of both leading scholars are analyzed, and the author's assessment of the extent to which the adoption of strategies and tactics of management activities borrowed from other areas of socially useful activity are useful for the field of public administration. First of all, this applies to the sphere of private business. After all, the analyzed experience of developed countries proves that Ukraine can borrow a lot of useful solutions and practical effective tools from private industries.Keywords: Public Administration; State Power; Public Administration; Effective Activity Administrasi Negara Sebagai Salah Satu Bentuk Penyelenggaraan Kekuasaan Negara AbstrakIsu-isu problematik terkait dengan definisi administrasi publik sebagai salah satu bentuk pelaksanaan kekuasaan negara yang patut dipertimbangkan. Tingkat bagaimana kualitas proses administrasi publik mempengaruhi fungsi sistem negara dan mekanisme kuncinya dianalisis. Penekanan penting ditempatkan pada fakta bahwa praktik administrasi publik yang paling berguna dan yang berhasil di negara maju dapat diadopsi untuk sistem negara Ukraina. Masalah modern dan cara penyelesaiannya yang efektif di berbagai tingkat administrasi negara bagian dan lokal diaktualisasikan. Analisis elemen-elemen struktural dasar administrasi publik kualitatif, tingkat pengaruhnya terhadap proses realisasi kekuatan-kekuatan negara dalam fungsi sistem negara ditawarkan. Misalnya, menjelaskan apakah transparansi dan ketidakberpihakan memang memiliki dampak signifikan terhadap efisiensi administrasi publik. Efisiensi (efektivitas) dari berbagai, \"non-tradisional\" cara dan sarana realisasi kegiatan administrasi publik didirikan. Kesimpulan dari kedua cendekiawan terkemuka dianalisis, dan penilaian penulis tentang sejauh mana penerapan strategi dan taktik kegiatan manajemen yang dipinjam dari bidang lain dari kegiatan yang bermanfaat secara sosia","PeriodicalId":53726,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Cita Hukum-Indonesian Law Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47227033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Seizure of Property as a Way to Ensure Compensation for Damage Caused by a Crime: Theory and Practice","authors":"D. Ivanov, M. Sokolova, O. L. Podustova, P. Fadeev, Alexey Yurievich Molyanov","doi":"10.15408/jch.v9i2.21737","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15408/jch.v9i2.21737","url":null,"abstract":"The authors consider the theoretical provisions and analyze practical examples of the activities of the investigative bodies to seize property in pre-trial proceedings in criminal cases. The relevance of this topic is determined by the fact that one of the priority activities of the preliminary investigation bodies at present is to ensure the rights and legitimate interests of citizens against criminal encroachments. The possibility of compensation to victims of harm caused by a crime in criminal procedure law is a guarantee of protection of these rights and contributes to the implementation of the purpose of criminal proceedings. Based on the results obtained, the authors conclude that it is necessary to further improve the law enforcement practice and the norms of criminal and criminal-procedure legislation in order to improve the efficiency of solving problems of identifying property that can be seized. In this connection, it is proposed to amend Part 3 of Article 104.1 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation, providing for the possibility of confiscation of property, regardless of the awareness of the causal relationship between the committed act and the presence of money or other property.Keywords: Criminal proceedings; Measures of procedural coercion; Investigator; Inquirer; Civil claim Penyitaan Properti sebagai Cara untuk Memastikan Kompensasi atas Kerusakan yang Disebabkan oleh Kejahatan: Teori dan Praktik AbstrakPenulis mempertimbangkan ketentuan teoritis dan menganalisis contoh praktis dari kegiatan badan investigasi untuk menyita properti dalam proses pra-persidangan dalam kasus pidana. Relevansi topik ini ditentukan oleh fakta bahwa salah satu kegiatan prioritas badan investigasi pendahuluan saat ini adalah memastikan hak dan kepentingan sah warga negara terhadap perambahan kriminal. Kemungkinan pemberian ganti rugi kepada korban kerugian yang diakibatkan oleh suatu tindak pidana dalam hukum acara pidana merupakan jaminan perlindungan terhadap hak-hak tersebut dan turut menunjang terlaksananya tujuan proses pidana. Berdasarkan hasil yang diperoleh, penulis menyimpulkan bahwa perlu lebih meningkatkan praktik penegakan hukum dan norma-norma peraturan perundang-undangan pidana dan acara pidana untuk meningkatkan efisiensi penyelesaian masalah identifikasi harta benda yang dapat disita. Sehubungan dengan itu, diusulkan untuk mengubah Bagian 3 Pasal 104.1 KUHP Federasi Rusia, yang mengatur kemungkinan penyitaan properti, terlepas dari kesadaran akan hubungan sebab akibat antara tindakan yang dilakukan dan adanya uang atau properti lainnya.Kata Kunci: Proses pidana; Tindakan paksaan prosedural; Peneliti; Penanya; Klaim sipil. Наложение ареста на имущество в целях обеспечения возмещения вреда, причиненного преступлением: теория и практика АннотацияАвторами рассматриваются теоретические положения и анализируются практические примеры деятельности органов расследования по наложению ареста на имущество в досудебном производстве по уголов","PeriodicalId":53726,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Cita Hukum-Indonesian Law Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45385886","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Jus Cogens: Problem of the Role in Treaty Interpretation","authors":"S. Karvatska","doi":"10.15408/jch.v9i2.22235","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15408/jch.v9i2.22235","url":null,"abstract":"Due to their specific legal nature, the jus cogens rules occupy a special place and have conceptual significance in international law system in the vein that their non-compliance may, in fact, sabotage foundations of the international legal system based on states consent. Since the entry into force of the VCLT, jus cogens concept in international law has moved closer to international legal practice. A paradoxical situation exists - jus cogens concept in international law is generally accepted, there is also a normatively established definition of such a rule, but its specific framework and content remain unclear. The ICJ has repeatedly addressed the issue of jus cogens norms, but a detailed concept on jus cogens has not been formed. It is analyzed that the problem of establishing jus cogens is difficult to solve in abstractio. The reason lies not only in the absence of a single official list of norms jus cogens – the criteria for including norms in such a list are not defined. Opinions of representatives of the doctrine and the international judiciary on this issue differ significantly. Addressing the problem of the role and significance of jus cogens, general international law imperative rules, for the observance and interpretation of treaties, it should be noted that treaties are to be interpreted in a format compatible with the imperative norms. The considerations presented in the research indicate a special, if not decisive, role in the observance of jus cogens in treaties interpretation.Keywords: International Law; VCLT; Treaties; Imperative Rules Jus Cogens: Masalah Peran dalam Interpretasi Perjanjian AbstrakAturan Jus Cogens menempati tempat khusus dan memiliki makna konseptual dalam sistem hukum internasional dikarenakan sifat hukumnya yang spesifik, selain karena ketidakpatuhannya dapat menyabot fondasi sistem hukum internasional berdasarkan persetujuan negara. Sejak berlakunya VCLT, konsep Jus Cogens dalam hukum internasional semakin mendekati praktik hukum internasional. Situasi paradoks terjadi - konsep Jus Cogens dalam hukum internasional diterima secara umum. Ada juga definisi yang ditetapkan secara normatif dari aturan semacam itu, tetapi kerangka kerja dan isinya yang spesifik masih belum jelas. ICJ telah berulang kali membahas masalah norma Jus Cogens, tetapi konsep rinci tentang Jus Cogens belum terbentuk. Dianalisis bahwa masalah pembentukan Jus Cogens sulit dipecahkan secara abstrak. Alasannya tidak hanya terletak pada tidak adanya satu daftar resmi norma Jus Cogens – kriteria untuk memasukkan norma dalam daftar tersebut tidak didefinisikan. Pendapat perwakilan doktrin dan peradilan internasional tentang masalah ini berbeda secara signifikan. Mengatasi masalah peran dan pentingnya Jus Cogens, aturan umum hukum internasional imperatif, untuk ketaatan dan interpretasi perjanjian. Perlu dicatat bahwa perjanjian harus ditafsirkan dalam format yang kompatibel dengan norma-norma imperatif. Pertimbangan yang disajikan dalam penelitia","PeriodicalId":53726,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Cita Hukum-Indonesian Law Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41369102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Law and Sovereignty of the State in the Renegotiation of Freeport Contracts in Papua","authors":"Khamami Zada, Mustolih Mustolih, Diana Mutia Habibaty, Lukman Hakim, Desy Purwaningsih, Trini Diyani","doi":"10.15408/jch.v9i2.21546","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15408/jch.v9i2.21546","url":null,"abstract":"The mineral and coal mines have long been managed by foreign contracts between governments and foreigners. The position threatens the state's sovereignty over the wealth of natural resources. The study was to analyze the renege-management of Indonesia's Freeport mines in Papua. Socio-legal methods were used to analyze the renegotiation of Indonesia's Freeport management. The study found that according to the principle of state mastery over natural resources as a common property of Indonesian people's prosperity as in article 33 verses (3) constitution of 1945, the Indonesian government officially took over its 51-percent share of Freeport. It is part of an expression of national sovereignty over the management of its natural resources. With this position, Freeport's mining management is no longer based on a contract of work, but a Special Mining Business License which provides guarantees to business holders to have their licenses extended to provide certainty to mining business actors in conducting mining business in Indonesia.Keywords: Renegotiation; Freeport; State Sovereignity Hukum dan Kedaulatan Negara Dalam Renegosiasi Kontrak Freeport Di Papua Abstrak      Pertambangan mineral dan batubara selama ini dikelola pihak asing berdasarkan kontrak antara pemerintah dan pihak asing. Posisi ini sesungguhnya mengancam kedaulatan negara atas kekeyaaan sumberdaya alam. Studi ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis renegosiasi pengelolaan tambang PT Freeport Indonesia di Papua. Metode socio-legal digunakan untuk menganalisis renegosiasi pengelolaan tambang PT Freeport Indonesia. Studi ini menemukan bahwa berdasarkan prinsip penguasaan negara atas sumberdaya alam sebagai common property bangsa Indonesia untuk kemakmuran rakyat sebagaimana pasal 33 ayat (3) Undang-Undang Dasar 1945, Pemerintah Indonesia secara resmi mengambil alih saham PT. Freeport Indonesia sebesar 51 %. Kebijakan ini merupakan bagian dari perwujudan kedaulatan negara atas pengelolaan sumberdaya alamnya. Dengan posisi ini, pengelolaan tambang Freeport bukan lagi berdasarkan kontrak karya, melainkan Izin Usaha Pertambangan Khusus yang memberikan jaminan kepada pemegang usaha untuk diperpanjang izinnya unutk memberikan kepastian kepada pelaku usaha pertambangan dalam melakukan bisnis pertambangan di Indonesia.Kata Kunci: Renegosiasi; Freeport; Kedaulatan Negara Закон и суверенитет государствапри пересмотре договоров Freeport в Папуа АннотацияДо настоящего времени управление добычей полезных ископаемых и угля осуществлялось иностранными сторонами на основании договоров между правительством и иностранными сторонами. Эта позиция фактически угрожает суверенитету государства над богатством природных ресурсов. Данное исследование направлено на анализ пересмотра условий руководства рудником компании Freeport Indonesia в Папуа. Социально-правовой метод был использован для анализа пересмотра условий руководства рудником компании Freeport Indonesia. Это исследование показало, что на основе принципа госуд","PeriodicalId":53726,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Cita Hukum-Indonesian Law Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48611412","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Legal Concept of Limited Liability Company Based on Social-Justice Through Corporate Social Responsibility","authors":"Muhamad Sadi Is, Jemmi Angga Saputra","doi":"10.15408/jch.v9i2.16525","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15408/jch.v9i2.16525","url":null,"abstract":"The presence of Law Number 40 Year 2007 concerning Limited Liability Companies was expected to guarantee the welfare of the community around the company through the Corporate Social Responsibility program. But in reality there are still many limited liability companies that do not implement the Corporate Social Responsibility program because there are not any strict sanctions either criminal, civil or administrative sanctions for the limited liability companies that do not implement the Corporate Social Responsibility program so that social justice for the community around the liability company is not achieved.Keywords: Limited Liability Company; Social Justice and Corporate Social Responsibility. AbstrakHadirnya Undang-Undang Nomor 40 Tahun 2007 tentang Perseroan Terbatas diharapkan dapat menjamin kesejahteraan masyarakat di sekitar perusahaan melalui program Coporate Social Responsibility. Tetapi kenyataannya masih banyak perseroan terbatas yang tidak melaksanakan program Corporate Social Responsibility karena disebabkan belum adanya sanksi yang tegas baik sanksi pidana, perdata dan sanksi administrasi terhadap perseroan terbatas yang tidak melaksanakan program Coporate Social Responsibility sehingga keadilan sosial bagi masyarakat di sekitar perseroan terbatas tidak tercapai. Kata Kunci: Perseroan Terbatas, Keadilan Sosial dan Corporate Social Responsibility","PeriodicalId":53726,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Cita Hukum-Indonesian Law Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41415402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Review of the Political Direction of National Legal Development Law","authors":"A. Hamzani, K. Rahayu, Tani Haryadi, N. Khasanah, Havis Aravik","doi":"10.15408/jch.v9i2.20352","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15408/jch.v9i2.20352","url":null,"abstract":"The political direction of the law in Indonesia in the development of national law simplifies legislation. The scope of national legal development is not only through legislation. There is the functionalization of the law that lives in society. The purpose of the research describes the political urgency of law in the development of national law and reviews the political direction of national law development law. This research uses a philosophical approach, namely to examine the law from the ideal side in the form of an idea of the direction of national law politics in the future. The results of this study show that the politics of law is necessary to provide direction in the development of national law. Each country has a legal political direction whose role as the basic policy of state organizers to determine the direction, shape, and content of the law to be established. Legal politics as a strategy of the formation process, as well as the implementation of laws based on the national legal system to achieve the goals and ideals of the state. The political direction of the law in Indonesia in the development of national law simplifies legislation. The scope of the development of the national legal system can be through legislation and functionalization of the living law. The political direction of the law in Indonesia in the development of national law simplifies the process of legislation. The impact will only be a successful legal state in law-making, but weak in law in action. The implication of this study is to expand the political direction of national law which includes the functionalization of the living law. By functionalizing \"the living law\", the resulting law is rooted in the legal consciousness of society.","PeriodicalId":53726,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Cita Hukum-Indonesian Law Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46486019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Health Rights of Refugees, Immigrants and Asylum Seeker","authors":"Parisa Yaghoub-Pour, Hosein Dadashzadeh Asl","doi":"10.15408/jch.v9i2.20739","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15408/jch.v9i2.20739","url":null,"abstract":"It has been widely documented that refugees are one of the most vulnerable layers of society to health problems due to poor access to social services, as well as difficulties in housing and nutrition, poor living conditions, and abuse. The health services provided to IDPs are often inadequate and appropriate. Refugees and immigrants have difficulty accessing health care services, medicines, counselling, diagnosis, treatment and rehabilitation services almost all over the world. Today, inequality, regional struggles, and global shifts strongly reflect the ongoing problems of refugees and migrants and their future escalation. This study uses a qualitative research method with a literature approach. The results of the study stated that the settlement of matters regarding their stay, nutrition, accommodation and health services must be prepared in advance, and especially human rights must be respected. In this regard, the actions of governments, civil society organizations and universities at the regional and global levels will contribute to a better future of immigration.Keywords: Refugees and Immigrants; International Immigration; Health Law; Health problems; Health services; Convention Regarding the Status of Refugees Hak Kesehatan Pengungsi, Imigran dan Pencari Suaka AbstrakTelah banyak didokumentasikan bahwa pengungsi adalah salah satu lapisan masyarakat yang paling rentan terhadap masalah kesehatan karena buruknya mendapat layanan sosial, selain karena kesulitan dalam perumahan dan gizi, kondisi hidup yang buruk, dan adanya pelecehan. Pelayanan kesehatan yang diberikan kepada pengungsi seringkali tidak cukup dan layak. Pengungsi dan imigran mengalami kesulitan mengakses layanan perawatan kesehatan, obat-obatan, konseling, diagnosis, pengobatan dan layanan rehabilitasi hampir terjadi di seluruh dunia. Saat ini, ketidaksetaraan, perjuangan regional, dan pergeseran global sangat mencerminkan masalah pengungsi dan migran yang terus berlanjut dan eskalasi mereka di masa depan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan literatur. Hasil penelitian menyatakan bahwa penyelesaian urusan tentang masa tinggal mereka, nutrisi, akomodasi dan layanan kesehatan harus disiapkan terlebih dahulu, dan terutama hak asasi manusia harus dihormati. Dalam hal ini, tindakan pemerintah, organisasi masyarakat sipil dan universitas di tingkat regional dan global akan berkontribusi pada masa depan imigrasi yang lebih baik.Kata Kunci: Pengungsi dan Imigran; Imigrasi Internasional; Hukum Kesehatan; Masalah kesehatan; Pelayanan kesehatan; Konvensi Terkait Status Pengungsi  Права на здоровье беженцев, иммигрантов и просителей убежища АннотацияШироко задокументировано, что беженцы являются одним из наиболее уязвимых слоев общества с точки зрения проблем со здоровьем из-за плохого доступа к социальным услугам, а также трудностей с жильем и питанием, плохих условий жизни и жестокого обращения. Медицинские услуги, предоставляемые беженцам, часто неад","PeriodicalId":53726,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Cita Hukum-Indonesian Law Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47653837","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Compensation for Damage Caused by a Crime in the Socialist Republic of Vietnam and the Russian Federation","authors":"N. Tien, V. V. Pushkarev, E. Tokareva, A. Makeev, O. Shepeleva","doi":"10.15408/jch.v9i2.21738","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15408/jch.v9i2.21738","url":null,"abstract":"In criminal proceedings of Vietnam, in contrast to the Code of Criminal Procedure of the Russian Federation, it is advisable to separate physical, material and moral damage that may be caused by the crime or socially dangerous act prohibited by the criminal law, the rights and legitimate interests of natural or legal persons. The article is devoted to solving the problem of compensation for damage caused by a crime in pre-trial proceedings in criminal cases, based on the study of Russian and Vietnamese criminal procedure legislation, practice, and results of its application. The conclusions are subject to study and implementation in the law.Keywords: Compensation for harm; Investigation; Rights and legitimate interests of participants in criminal proceedings Kompensasi untuk Kerusakan yang Disebabkan oleh Kejahatan di Republik Sosialis Vietnam dan Federasi Rusia Abstrak:Berbeda dengan Kode Acara Pidana Federasi Rusia, lebih baik dalam proses pidana Vietnam untuk memisahkan kerugian fisik, material, dan moral yang disebabkan oleh kejahatan atau tindakan berbahaya secara sosial yang dilarang oleh hukum pidana dari hak dan kepentingan sah orang atau badan hukum. Berdasarkan kajian undang-undang prosedur pidana Rusia dan Vietnam, praktik, dan hasil penerapannya, artikel ini dikhususkan untuk memecahkan masalah kompensasi atas kerusakan yang disebabkan oleh kejahatan dalam proses pra-persidangan dalam kasus pidana. Kesimpulan sedang dipelajari dan akan dimasukkan ke dalam undang-undang.Kata Kunci: Kompensasi untuk kerugian; Penyelidikan; Hak dan kepentingan sah peserta dalam proses pidana Возмещение вреда причиненного преступлением в социалистической республике Вьетнам и Российской Федерации АннотацияСтатья посвящена разрешению проблемы возмещения вреда, причиненного преступлением, в досудебном производстве по уголовным делам, на основе исследования российского и вьетнамского уголовно-процессуального законодательства, практики и результатов его применения. Выводы подлежат изучению и внедрению в законКлючевые Слова: возмещение вреда, расследование, права и законные интересы участников уголовного процесса, следователь, дознаватель","PeriodicalId":53726,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Cita Hukum-Indonesian Law Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49314051","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Legal Regulation of the Status of Subjects of Special Competence in Relation to Public Administration in the Sphere of Intellectual Property in Ukraine","authors":"Yevhen Leheza, Y. Deliya, E. Ryzhkov, S. Albul, O. Shamara","doi":"10.15408/jch.v9i2.22234","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15408/jch.v9i2.22234","url":null,"abstract":"Relevant issues of the administrative and legal status of subjects of special competence in relation to public administration in the field of intellectual property are considered. Main  content. A circle of specified subjects in the system of subjects of public administration is determined. The role of subjects of special competence in the fulfilment of tasks of public administration in the sphere of intellectual property is identified. Classification of subjects of special competence regarding public administration in this field is presented. Features of the administrative or legal status of each group of subjects of special competence in relation to public administration in the field of intellectual property are analyzed. Specifics of the influence of these subjects on legal relations arising in the sphere of intellectual property are characterized. Materials and methods research based on the analysis of documentary sources. the  basis  is  the  dialectical  method  of  cognition  of  the  facts  of  social  reality,  on  which  the  formal legal and comparative legal approaches are largely based. Conclusions are drawn about the place of subjects of special competence in relation to public administration in the field of intellectual property among other subjects. Proposals on the necessity to improve current domestic legislation in the sphere of intellectual property are formulated.Keywords: Public administration; Intellectual property; Legal regulation; Relation; Sphere; Subjects of special competence Peraturan hukum status subjek kompetensi khusus dalam kaitannya dengan administrasi publik di bidang kekayaan intelektual di Ukraina  Abstrak.Masalah yang relevan dari status administrasi dan hukum mata pelajaran kompetensi khusus dalam kaitannya dengan administrasi publik di bidang kekayaan intelektual dipertimbangkan. Isi utama. Lingkaran mata pelajaran tertentu dalam sistem mata pelajaran administrasi publik ditentukan. Peran mata pelajaran kompetensi khusus dalam pemenuhan tugas administrasi publik di bidang kekayaan intelektual diidentifikasi. Klasifikasi mata pelajaran kompetensi khusus tentang administrasi publik di bidang ini disajikan. Fitur status administrasi atau hukum dari setiap kelompok mata pelajaran kompetensi khusus dalam kaitannya dengan administrasi publik di bidang kekayaan intelektual dianalisis. Spesifik pengaruh subjek ini pada hubungan hukum yang timbul di bidang kekayaan intelektual dicirikan. Bahan dan metode penelitian berdasarkan analisis sumber dokumenter. Basisnya adalah metode kognisi dialektis atas fakta-fakta realitas sosial, yang menjadi dasar sebagian besar pendekatan hukum formal dan hukum komparatif. Kesimpulan diambil tentang tempat mata pelajaran kompetensi khusus dalam kaitannya dengan administrasi publik di bidang kekayaan intelektual antara mata pelajaran lainnya. Proposal tentang perlunya meningkatkan undang-undang domestik saat ini di bidang kekayaan intelektual dirumuskan.Kata kunci: Administrasi publ","PeriodicalId":53726,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Cita Hukum-Indonesian Law Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45671721","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}