Journal of Communications最新文献_第2页

Buffer-Aided Cooperative Relays in Orbital Angular Momentum Based IoT Networks 基于轨道角动量的物联网网络中的缓冲辅助合作中继器

Journal of Communications Pub Date : 2024-04-01 DOI: 10.12720/jcm.19.4.175-181

Mohammad Alkhawatrah

{"title":"Buffer-Aided Cooperative Relays in Orbital Angular Momentum Based IoT Networks","authors":"Mohammad Alkhawatrah","doi":"10.12720/jcm.19.4.175-181","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12720/jcm.19.4.175-181","url":null,"abstract":"—Orbital Angular Momentum (OAM) is an essential property of electromagnetic transmission. Nowadays, OAM is popular due to its capabilities to improve the electromagnetic spectrum efficiency which increases throughput. However, employing an OAM-based solution is costly as it suffers wave divergence mainly at high OAM orders (modes). This difficulty limits the distance range for successful communication link, particularly in wireless communication which is essential for realizing Internet of Things (IoT) applications. One of the available solutions to deal with this limitation is utilizing a cooperative relaying system. Relays are known for their potential to shorten the link connecting the source to the destination, as well as provide an alternative link to avoid deep fading. Nonetheless, conventional relaying technique (without buffers) are surpassed by adding buffering capabilities to relays, this enhances the system throughput. In this article, we suggest employing buffer-aided relays in OAM-based networks. Simulation trials show that the proposed buffer-aided relay solution assists the OAM-based network in obtaining higher throughput than its counterpart the traditional relays. The gain of using buffer-aided relays grows as the OAM-based networks become more restricted when they are transmitting at higher OAM orders. Furthermore, at higher thresholds, the rate of successful transmission goes down which degrades the system throughput. The results show that the buffer-aided relays outrun conventional relays at any threshold and the difference in performance becomes greater at more restricted higher thresholds. In addition, the buffer-aided relays help the OAM-based networks achieve lower outage probability than that achieved with traditional relays.","PeriodicalId":53518,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Communications","volume":"60 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140757423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Gain Increase Modification Collinear Dipole Antennas for Secondary Surveillance Radar 用于二次监视雷达的增益改进型共线偶极子天线

Journal of Communications Pub Date : 2024-04-01 DOI: 10.12720/jcm.19.4.211-221

Yussi Perdana Saputera, Moh Khusaini, D. Puspitawati, Arif Harnanto

{"title":"Gain Increase Modification Collinear Dipole Antennas for Secondary Surveillance Radar","authors":"Yussi Perdana Saputera, Moh Khusaini, D. Puspitawati, Arif Harnanto","doi":"10.12720/jcm.19.4.211-221","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12720/jcm.19.4.211-221","url":null,"abstract":"—In this research, an antenna design was developed using the wire-to-micros trip adaptation technique. The aim of developing the antenna is by modifying the change in position and shape of the antenna to get a large gain with a minimum value of 25 dB. This development is crucial for the use of Secondary Surveillance Radar (SSR). The design of the antenna used in this study is to improve the performance of modifying conventional dipole antennas to become collinear arrays. Collinear array antennas involve modifying dipole arms to form an array, incorporating a coupling effect on both the positive and negative arms, and strategically rotating the vertical placement by 180 degrees to maximize the resulting gain. The study involved three types of antenna arrays, each consisting of eight antennas: Mode A, unidirectional with opposite poles; Mode A, not unidirectional with opposite poles; and Mode B, unidirectional with opposite poles. Early research made comparisons of polar differences with polar similarities. For the results of a single polar difference antenna Mode A and B, where Mode A produces S11-26.884 dB with Gains 3.825 dB, Mode B produces S11-20.408 dB with Gains 2.364 dB, for research on array antennas, it was carried out in stages, with as many as 8 array antennas, without reflectors and with reflectors. In the final configuration, an antenna with an array of 112 antennas using reflectors to produce S11 for a frequency of 1.03 GHz of-15.53061 dB with Gain 26.52 dB and an Azimuth beam width of 0.9ᵒ and for the frequency 1.09as big-20.73117 dB with Gain 25.6 dB and an Azimuth beam width of 0.8ᵒ. These results indicate the successful achievement of improved antenna performance, including a reduction in reflection coefficient and an increase in gain. These findings contribute to the advancement of antenna design for SSR applications, showcasing the potential for substantial gains in signal strength and directionality.","PeriodicalId":53518,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Communications","volume":"54 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140771093","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Design of Microstrip Patch H-Notch Antenna for Vehicle Using Array Systems 为使用阵列系统的车辆设计微带贴片 H 形缺口天线

Journal of Communications Pub Date : 2024-04-01 DOI: 10.12720/jcm.19.4.204-210

Raed S. M. Daraghma

{"title":"Design of Microstrip Patch H-Notch Antenna for Vehicle Using Array Systems","authors":"Raed S. M. Daraghma","doi":"10.12720/jcm.19.4.204-210","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12720/jcm.19.4.204-210","url":null,"abstract":"—The need for micro antennas is growing as Internet of Things (IoT) applications spread quickly in today’s communication systems. Due of their interoperability, Microstrip patch antennas are frequently employed in Internet of Things (IoT) applications. The suggested antenna is made on a single side of high-quality Teflon substrate and has a small, dimension 17.19  17.8  0.933 mm 3 ; the antenna can be utilized for IoT applications because it is made to operate at a frequency of 5.9 GHz. It is made up of an array of H shapes and is intended to be integrated into an IoT gadget as integrated antenna. Thus, in this work, rectangular Microstrip Patch H - Notch antenna is designed and the performance was analysed. The antenna resonant frequency range was 5.9 GHz, which is appropriate for IoT applications. The antenna was designed with Teflon substrate material. For this work, Computer Simulation Technology (CST) software was used as simulation software. In this work, two types of antennae were designed, which was conventional Microstrip H - notch antenna and rectangular Microstrip antenna containing Array-shaped structure. The performance of these two antennas was compared in terms of bandwidth, gain and return of loss. The key results of this work showed that the optimized Array-shaped antenna improved the bandwidth, gain and return of loss compared to the conventional antenna. In addition, the optimized antenna achieved operating frequency of 5.9 GHz, which is suitable for IoT applications.","PeriodicalId":53518,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Communications","volume":"501 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140784654","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Cryptographic Schemes for Secret Long-Distance Underwater Communications 用于水下长距离秘密通信的加密算法

Journal of Communications Pub Date : 2024-04-01 DOI: 10.12720/jcm.19.4.189-197

Michel Barbeau

{"title":"Cryptographic Schemes for Secret Long-Distance Underwater Communications","authors":"Michel Barbeau","doi":"10.12720/jcm.19.4.189-197","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12720/jcm.19.4.189-197","url":null,"abstract":"— Due to small packet sizes, classical data protection schemes are unsuitable for underwater communications. This article addresses this problem and contains two main results. As a first result, a new symmetric-key encryption protocol adaptable to small message sizes is introduced. The encryption scheme leverages the flexible Quantum Permutation Pad (QPP) symmetric key block cipher. It combines QPP with the block cipher counter mode and a random number generator seeded with a shared secret to adapt QPP to the short underwater protocol data units. Encryption and decryption algorithms are defined, building on QPP in counter mode. The algorithms are analyzed. The analysis demonstrates that the scheme does not achieve perfect indistinguishability. However, the analysis also demonstrates that the message collision probability can be very low. The scheme is generic and adaptable. As a second result, the new symmetric encryption scheme is adapted to the long-range underwater communication protocol (Pronounced you Whisper) UWSPR. The design is analyzed consistently with the theory. Related relevant issues are also addressed, such as key sizes and key generation with the challenges specific to the underwater environment.","PeriodicalId":53518,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Communications","volume":"456 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140759607","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A Reconfigurable Antenna for IoT Applications with Enhanced Performance by Adding Metamaterial 通过添加超材料提高物联网应用性能的可重构天线

Journal of Communications Pub Date : 2024-04-01 DOI: 10.12720/jcm.19.4.198-203

Jamal Mohammed Rasool, Ali Kadhum Abd

{"title":"A Reconfigurable Antenna for IoT Applications with Enhanced Performance by Adding Metamaterial","authors":"Jamal Mohammed Rasool, Ali Kadhum Abd","doi":"10.12720/jcm.19.4.198-203","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12720/jcm.19.4.198-203","url":null,"abstract":"—In this study, the use of a complementary four Split Ring Resonators (SRR)-based metamaterial is studied to develop a frequency-reconfigurable antenna for wireless communication. The tangent loss (tan) is 0.0009, and the dimensions of the Rogers RT5880 dielectric are (38×21×1.6) m 3 with a relative permittivity of 2.2. This is the substrate on which the proposed antenna is printed. A frequency range of 1.82 GHz to 6.44 GHz is observed for the antenna’s tuning. The proposed antenna exhibits a Voltage Standing Waves Ratio (VSWR) that does not exceed 1.5 in all resonant bands, affirming its reliability and efficiency. The proposed buildings' radiation efficiency ranges from 70.73% to 98.91%. The antenna operates in three different Modes depending on the antenna’s switching scenario. Antenna Mode 1 operates in a single-band (3.03 GHz). Mode 2 is a double-band (2.34 and 5.06 GHz), and finally, the tri-band or Mode 3 (1.82, 4.2, and 6.44 GHz). Using a fed microstrip line, it is possible to use a quarter-wavelength transformer line to get 50 characteristic impedance and good impedance matching. The method for extracting the parameters from the SRR’s meta-material property is covered in depth, which is how the existence of negative permeability and the new resonance frequencies are confirmed. The suggested antenna offers many benefits, such as straightforward construction, low return loss, and switching frequencies using a PIN diode (SMP1340-079LF).","PeriodicalId":53518,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Communications","volume":"102 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140784173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Power-Efficient Wireless Sensor Network Using Distributed Compressed Sensing for Time-Series Environmental Monitoring 利用分布式压缩传感进行时序环境监测的高能效无线传感器网络

Journal of Communications Pub Date : 2024-04-01 DOI: 10.12720/jcm.19.4.182-188

Sorato Mochizuki, Nobuyoshi Komuro

引用次数: 0

Indoor Positioning by Deep Q-Network in VLC Environment 在 VLC 环境中利用深度 Q 网络进行室内定位

Journal of Communications Pub Date : 2024-03-01 DOI: 10.12720/jcm.19.3.127-132

Sung Hyun Oh, Jeong Gon Kim

{"title":"Indoor Positioning by Deep Q-Network in VLC Environment","authors":"Sung Hyun Oh, Jeong Gon Kim","doi":"10.12720/jcm.19.3.127-132","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12720/jcm.19.3.127-132","url":null,"abstract":"—With the recent development of the Fourth Industrial Revolution, Internet of Things technology has been widely adopted. In addition, key technologies such as big data, artificial intelligence, and wireless communication are being combined. Positioning technology that uses these technologies is essential for locating human devices in modern industries. Although the Global Positioning System can provide relatively precise positioning outdoors, its performance is limited indoors due to propagation loss. Hence, various wireless signal-based indoor positioning technologies, such as WiFi, Bluetooth, ultra-wideband, and Visible Light Communication (VLC) are being studied. In this study, positioning in indoor VLC environments is analyzed using Deep Q-Network (DQN). Each element of reinforcement learning and the agent's action and reward function are set to increase positioning accuracy. Deep Q-Network (DQN) training is then performed to derive positioning performance. The simulation results show that the proposed model attains a positioning resolution of less than 15 cm and achieves a processing speed of less than 0.03 seconds to obtain the final position in the Visible Light Communication (VLC) environment.","PeriodicalId":53518,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Communications","volume":"15 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140407908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Optimizing Downlink Resource Allocation for High-Speed LTE-V Networks Through Intelligent Scheduling 通过智能调度优化高速 LTE-V 网络的下行链路资源分配

Journal of Communications Pub Date : 2024-03-01 DOI: 10.12720/jcm.19.3.133-142

Saif H. Alrubaee, Sazan K. Al-jaff, Mohammed A. Altahrawi

{"title":"Optimizing Downlink Resource Allocation for High-Speed LTE-V Networks Through Intelligent Scheduling","authors":"Saif H. Alrubaee, Sazan K. Al-jaff, Mohammed A. Altahrawi","doi":"10.12720/jcm.19.3.133-142","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12720/jcm.19.3.133-142","url":null,"abstract":"—The rapid expansion of vehicular communication systems emphasizes the integration of LTE-V networks, crucial for applications like road safety, traffic management, and infotainment. High-speed scenarios demand efficient downlink scheduling due to constantly changing channel conditions influenced by factors like throughput and Bit Error Rate (BER). Mobility-induced channel variations lead to signal quality fluctuations, interference, and congestion. LTE-V networks require robust Quality of Service (QoS) for safety applications, necessitating algorithms that detect and mitigate interference by dynamically adjusting scheduling. Existing algorithms struggle with Doppler shift effects, interference, and predicting network patterns, prompting the exploration of an Intelligent Downlink Scheduling (IDS) scheme based on Support Vector Machines (SVM) for high-speed LTE-V networks. This work focuses on the optimization of the resource allocation, improving spectral efficiency, and predicting network congestion. Leveraging machine learning and optimization, it addresses challenges posed by varying vehicle densities, mobility patterns, and QoS needs. Extensive simulations show the IDS’s superiority, significantly enhancing throughput and reducing BER. The improved throughput signifies reduced data loss in scheduling queues, while lower BER indicates enhanced received data post-scheduling. The IDS facilitates real-time decision-making and data-driven insights, ideal for managing and optimizing downlink scheduling in dynamic Long-Term Evolution-Vehicle (LTE-V) networks. Simulation results demonstrate a substantial 13 dB improvement over the best CQI scheduler at a 10 -4 BER and a 24 Mbps increase at a 20 dB SNR for a vehicle density of 40, showcasing the IDS's performance enhancements.","PeriodicalId":53518,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Communications","volume":"69 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140406260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Improved Extreme Learning Machine Based Hunger Games Search for Automatic IP Configuration and Duplicate Node Detection 改进的基于极限学习机器的饥饿游戏搜索，用于自动 IP 配置和重复节点检测

Journal of Communications Pub Date : 2024-03-01 DOI: 10.12720/jcm.19.3.152-160

Amit Gupta, Movva Pavani, Shashi Kant Dargar, Abha Dargar, Arun Singh Chohan

引用次数: 0

Study on Defected Ground Structure Models with Miniaturized Patches for Broadband Wireless Systems 宽带无线系统中带有微型补丁的缺陷地面结构模型研究

Journal of Communications Pub Date : 2024-03-01 DOI: 10.12720/jcm.19.3.168-174

Y. Natali, Riva Irvana, Yudiansyah Yudiansyah, Dian Widi Astuti, Dwi Astuti C, C. Apriono

{"title":"Study on Defected Ground Structure Models with Miniaturized Patches for Broadband Wireless Systems","authors":"Y. Natali, Riva Irvana, Yudiansyah Yudiansyah, Dian Widi Astuti, Dwi Astuti C, C. Apriono","doi":"10.12720/jcm.19.3.168-174","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12720/jcm.19.3.168-174","url":null,"abstract":"—This study presents a Defected Ground Structure (DGS) mechanism and improves its antenna properties. Three DGS models are discussed: two including a single antenna and one including an array microstrip antenna design. The microstrips are designed for broadband wireless frequencies of 2.1 GHz (5G Technology) for a single antenna, and 5.8 GHz (wireless local area network) for an array antenna. These frequencies are achieved using three shapes of DGS in the simulations and the results are suitable for broadband applications. The antenna patches are rectangular with two types of DGS, and an array circular with one type of DGS. The results show the DGS provides better bandwidth and gain for a single antenna. Nevertheless, DGS achieves gain enhancement for an array antenna and this design yields a miniaturized array antenna of 69.92% and 73.47% in width and length, respectively. The three shapes of DGS have different designs: rectangular patch antenna with frame-shaped DGS, rectangular antenna with rectangular slot-shaped DGS, and array circular antenna with rectangular slots of DGS. A rectangular patch antenna with frame-shaped DGS and an array circular antenna with rectangular slots of DGS yields bandwidths of 533 MHz and 327 MHz. The single antenna improves the fractional bandwidth by 25.38% with a miniaturized patch. Nonetheless, the array circular antenna with DGS obtains a gain enhancement of 16 dB greater than the initial array without DGS.","PeriodicalId":53518,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Communications","volume":"48 207","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140406001","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0