Annals of the National Academy of Medical Sciences India最新文献

{"title":"Mild Encephalitis/Encephalopathy with Reversible Splenial Lesion Type II with New Spectrum","authors":"Nishant Nayyar, L. Rana, D. Sood, Indrajeet Chauhan, S. Yadav","doi":"10.1055/s-0041-1733302","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0041-1733302","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Mild encephalitis/encephalopathy with reversible splenial lesion (MERS) is a clinicoradiological entity characterized by mild encephalopathy with typical radiological findings. We report a case of 10-year-old male child who presented with abnormal body movements and altered consciousness. MRI revealed typical Middle Eastern respiratory syndrome (MERS) type II lesions. On follow-up, although patient improved clinically with reversal of MERS type II lesions; however, multiple punctuate blooming foci, suggesting microhemorrhages, were seen on imaging in bilateral cerebral hemispheres. This has not been documented yet and signifies a new spectrum of MERS.","PeriodicalId":53332,"journal":{"name":"Annals of the National Academy of Medical Sciences India","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1055/s-0041-1733302","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41306040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"K. K. Sharma (1945—2021)","authors":"Saroj Gopal, D. Gupta","doi":"10.1055/s-0041-1731830","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0041-1731830","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":53332,"journal":{"name":"Annals of the National Academy of Medical Sciences India","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44269429","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Are the Medical Journals Justified in Criticizing India’s COVID-19 Management Policy?","authors":"V. Kumar, S. Pandi‑Perumal, D. Gupta","doi":"10.1055/s-0041-1735757","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0041-1735757","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":53332,"journal":{"name":"Annals of the National Academy of Medical Sciences India","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44537999","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Skin Rash as Presenting Symptoms of COVID-19 in a Child","authors":"Sujatha Manjunathan, J. Goyal, Kuldeep Singh","doi":"10.1055/S-0041-1732501","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/S-0041-1732501","url":null,"abstract":"DOI https://doi.org/ 10.1055/s-0041-1732501 ISSN 0379-038X © 2021. National Academy of Medical Sciences (India). This is an open access article published by Thieme under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonDerivative-NonCommercial-License, permitting copying and reproduction so long as the original work is given appropriate credit.","PeriodicalId":53332,"journal":{"name":"Annals of the National Academy of Medical Sciences India","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1055/S-0041-1732501","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45922816","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Surgical Approaches in Management of Spinal Tuberculosis","authors":"Vishal Kumar, A. Salaria, A. Aggarwal, S. Dhatt","doi":"10.1055/s-0041-1731596","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0041-1731596","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Although the management of spinal tuberculosis (TB) is mainly medical, there are select surgical interventions for the same, especially in the event of complications. However, with multiple choices with regard to approaches and surgical techniques, one is often left with too many options. We, therefore, performed a literature review on the subject with respect to the surgical approaches to control spinal TB. Our aim is to enable the reader to understand the rationale behind various surgical approaches and techniques involved in managing spinal TB.","PeriodicalId":53332,"journal":{"name":"Annals of the National Academy of Medical Sciences India","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1055/s-0041-1731596","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48394449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Faculty Development Program on Teachers’ Development","authors":"R. Mahajan, T. Singh","doi":"10.1055/s-0041-1731595","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0041-1731595","url":null,"abstract":"1Department of Pharmacology, Adesh Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Bathinda, Punjab, India 2Department of Pediatrics and Medical Education, Sri Guru Ram Das Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Amritsar, Punjab, India Address for correspondence Rajiv Mahajan, MBBS, MD, FIMSA, FAIMER, Department of Pharmacology, Adesh Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Bathinda, Punjab 151101, India (e-mail: drrajivmahajan01@gmail.com).","PeriodicalId":53332,"journal":{"name":"Annals of the National Academy of Medical Sciences India","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1055/s-0041-1731595","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42967923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Step Toward Optimizing Regenerative Medicine Principle to Combat COVID-19","authors":"Shilpa Sharma, Madhan Jeyaraman, S. Muthu, T. Anudeep, Naveen Jeyaraman, A. S. Shringeri, Vinodh Kumar, Rajeswari Somasundaram, R. Jain, S. Jha","doi":"10.1055/s-0041-1731597","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0041-1731597","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Drugs are currently not licensed in specific to pulverize COVID-19. On an emergency basis, vaccines were approved to prevent the further spread of COVID-19. This serves as a potential background for considering the optimization of biologics. In this context, evidence on convalescent plasma and stem cells has shown a beneficial role. Here, we have considered this as plausible therapy, and further hypothesize that their cocktails will synergistically boost the immunogenicity to relegate COVID-19. This warrants a large volume clinical trial on an emergent basis, because the sooner we establish a safe and effective cure, the better.","PeriodicalId":53332,"journal":{"name":"Annals of the National Academy of Medical Sciences India","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1055/s-0041-1731597","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45607121","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Meeting the Challenge of COVID-19 Pandemic in Mental Health Care in a Tertiary-Care General Hospital in India","authors":"M. Sood, R. Chadda","doi":"10.1055/S-0041-1729774","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/S-0041-1729774","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Medical profession has proved its versatility in the adoption of many strategies to deal with the impact of COVID-19. All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi, India is a large public funded medical school and general hospital in North India. Psychiatry department is one of the 42 departments at AIIMS. COVID-19 has impacted all the functions of the department: clinical care, teaching and training, research and other roles. In this communication, we report the strategies, simple yet effective improvisations to meet the challenges of COVID-19 so as to continue the basic functions of the discipline. This could serve as a model for continued functioning of a tertiary care teaching medical facility in a pandemic situation.","PeriodicalId":53332,"journal":{"name":"Annals of the National Academy of Medical Sciences India","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1055/S-0041-1729774","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49106892","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of ACE 2 and Vitamin D: The Two Players in Global Fight against COVID-19 Pandemic","authors":"T. Behl, Sadia Shah, Ishnoor Kaur, Sushma Yadav, R. Kanwar, S. Seth, N. Wig, K. Sharma, H. Yadav","doi":"10.1055/s-0041-1729781","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0041-1729781","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The global pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has spread across the borders, gaining attention from both health care professional and researchers to understand the mode of entry and actions induced by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), its causative agent in the human body. The role of angiotensin-converting enzyme–2 (ACE2) in facilitating the entry of the virus in the host cell by binding to it is similar to SARS-CoV-1, the causative agent for severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) which emerged in 2003. Besides the role of ACE2 as a molecular target for the virus, the review displays the potential benefits of ACE2 enzyme and various agents that modify its activity in curbing the effects of the deadly virus, thus unfolding a dual character of ACE2 in the current pandemic. As evident by the differences in the susceptibility toward viral infection in children and geriatric population, it must be noted that the older population has limited ACE2 levels and greater infection risk, whereas the situation is reversed in the case of the pediatric population, demonstrating the defensive character of ACE2 in the latter, despite acting as receptor target for SARS-CoV-2. Also, the upregulation of ACE2 levels by estrogen has indicated greater resistance to infection in females than in the male human population. ACE2 is a carboxypeptidase, which degrades angiotensin II and counteracts its actions to protect against cardiovascular risks associated with the virus. Another contribution of this enzyme is supported by the role of circulating soluble ACE2, which acts as a receptor to bind the virus but does not mediate its actions, therefore blocking its interaction to membrane-bound ACE2 receptors. The review also shares the enhanced risks of developing COVID-19 infection by using ACE inhibitors and ARBs. However, both these agents have been reported to upregulate ACE2 levels; yet, adequate evidence regarding their role is quite inconsistent in human studies. Furthermore, the role of vitamin D has been highlighted in regulating the immune system of the body through renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) inhibition, by downregulating host cell receptor expression to prevent virus attachment. Besides, vitamin D also acts through several other mechanisms like upregulating antimicrobial peptides, fighting against the proinflammatory milieu created by the invading virus, and interfering with the viral replication cycle as well as calcitriol-mediated blockage of CREB protein. Hypovitaminosis D is attributed to elevated risks of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), lung damage, and cardiovascular disorders, further increasing the severity of COVID-19 infection.","PeriodicalId":53332,"journal":{"name":"Annals of the National Academy of Medical Sciences India","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46534501","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Novel Approaches in the Management of Type 2 Diabetes and Associated Vascular Complications","authors":"K. Hari Kumar","doi":"10.1055/s-0041-1731146","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0041-1731146","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Diabetes mellitus (DM) is growing in pandemic proportion and affects the affluent and developing nations equally. India has the dubious distinction of being known as the diabetes capital of the world. Epidemiological studies have shown that DM is under diagnosed and inadequately treated in our country. Insulin resistance and β-cell dysfunction are the two key pathophysiological determinants of the DM. The disease has metamorphosed during the last couple of decades with a significant change in the clinical presentation. Simultaneously, the therapeutic options for the management of DM have also increased in the last decade. This article highlights the research conducted by us over the last decade in the areas of pathogenesis, management, and complications of DM.","PeriodicalId":53332,"journal":{"name":"Annals of the National Academy of Medical Sciences India","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1055/s-0041-1731146","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"58142520","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}