Kultura Skopje最新文献

{"title":"Literature and diplomacy: Lessons from socialist Yugoslavia","authors":"Slobodan Selinić","doi":"10.5937/kultura2173125s","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/kultura2173125s","url":null,"abstract":"The diplomacy of socialist Yugoslavia paid a lot of attention to the international reputation of the country in the sphere of culture, and thus literature. At the same time, Yugoslav writers in the Writer's Union of Yugoslavia, faithfully supported Yugoslav foreign policy, both individually and institutionally. The most impressive example of collaboration between literature and diplomacy was awarding Ivo Andrić a Nobel Prize. The Writers' Union of Yugoslavia nominated the writer in 1958, and Yugoslav diplomacy lobbied in favor of Andrić for several years. The efforts were successfully crowned in 1961. In socialist Yugoslavia, the existence of a special Macedonian nation and its culture and language was insisted on, so in that sense, the greatest challenge was denying the Macedonian identity that came from Bulgaria. The Yugoslav Writers' Union, consistently pursuing state policy, suspended official co-operation with the Bulgarian Writers' Union in the second half of the 1960s due to Bulgaria's refusal to recognize the Macedonian language. Yugoslav writers also adapted to the state policy of non-alignment. They did not reach the level of cooperation with those countries that existed in the field of politics, economics or science, but they maintained ties with writers from those parts of the world in various ways. Among other things, the twentieth anniversary of the Belgrade Conference of the Non-Aligned Nations in October 1981 was a meeting of writers of non-aligned countries in Belgrade.","PeriodicalId":53322,"journal":{"name":"Kultura Skopje","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79774734","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Symbolism of the heart","authors":"Jelena Subotić-Krivokapić","doi":"10.5937/kultura2171235s","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/kultura2171235s","url":null,"abstract":"From the earliest times, the heart has been one of the most studied organs. We can find records about this organ dating from the very beginning of written history, and we understand that different beliefs have been associated with it before. Very early on, people have noticed that the heart occupies a central place in the body, that the cessation of its work means death in both humans and animals, and that excitement changes the rhythm and the manner of its functioning. However, in addition to the physiological function of this organ, throughout history, the heart has been given various magical and religious meanings. In today's world, the heart has overcome the notion of a sign and has become a symbol of love, connection between people and affection. In this paper, different meanings of this symbol throughout history to the present day are presented, with the aim of understanding it in a cultural context.","PeriodicalId":53322,"journal":{"name":"Kultura Skopje","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80903088","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Aesthetics and its importance for education in art","authors":"A. Ratković","doi":"10.5937/kultura2171089r","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/kultura2171089r","url":null,"abstract":"The author of this paper seeks to draw public attention to the position and importance of aesthetics for education in art. Therefore, this paper will present some critical deliberations about the significance of modern education in art, aiming at finding potential answers to the following question: What are the new conceptions of education in art? Within the framework of philosophy of art and bearing in mind some of the leading (pre)aesthetic conceptions of art, the abovementioned question will be broken down into its key aspects in order to emphasize its complexity, and also the inability to provide a final and universally applicable answer. In that regard, special attention will be paid to deliberations about contemporary tendencies regarding education in art, in order to highlight possible challenges and potentials regarding the artist, the recipient of a work of art, and, finally, the art theorist. These tendencies will be analysed with regard to insights into current cultural and artistic practice, as well as the social phenomena (in)directly affecting them.","PeriodicalId":53322,"journal":{"name":"Kultura Skopje","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89735641","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The problem of interrelations between cultural diplomacy and national cultural policies in the field of music: Experiences from the socialist Yugoslavia as a possible yardstick","authors":"Ivana Vesic","doi":"10.5937/kultura2173155v","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/kultura2173155v","url":null,"abstract":"This paper will examine in detail the discepancy between the phenomenon of decline of popularity of the choral amateurism that started in the mid-1950s and its rising prestige in the cultural diplomacy of the socialist Yugoslavia. Taking into consideration, on the one hand, the different phases of development of this practice after WW2 followed with various measures of the creators of Yugoslav cultural policies meant at its revitalization and expansion, and, on the other hand, strenghtening of its role and standing in the bilateral cultural exchanges in this period, we will try to point out the following: 1) how important the congruence between cultural diplomacy and national cultural policies (and politics) is, and 2) whether the focus on the different parts of the field of music is also fruitful for the cultural diplomacy.","PeriodicalId":53322,"journal":{"name":"Kultura Skopje","volume":"34 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80635789","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cultural diplomacy of the people's Republic of China in the Western Balkans: Serbia from a comparative perspective","authors":"D. Trailović","doi":"10.5937/kultura2173035t","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/kultura2173035t","url":null,"abstract":"The People's Republic of China has long sought to improve its image in the world through various and numerous forms of public and cultural diplomacy. Since China became one of the important and influential actors at international level, there was a need to change their perspective concerning others, but also to change the perspective of others concerning China. To achieve that, the People's Republic of China has begun to implement a proactive strategy of public and cultural diplomacy, which will promote it as a responsible great power and which will contribute to the formation of a positive narrative in international relations. The Chinese authorities, with several major initiatives involving economic, political and cultural strategies are seeking to improve and promote their country's image as a trusted political and economic partner. In the process, culture and cultural exchange are becoming one of China's most important tools for increasing its soft power. As these initiatives include the Western Balkans, and thus the Republic of Serbia, China, as elsewhere, uses various methods and instruments of cultural diplomacy, ranging from Confucius Institutes and academic cooperation to the internationalization of the Chinese media as well as Chinese presence in the media of these countries. Accordingly, the aim of the paper is to present and describe how these instruments work in the Western Balkans, and how they are applied in the Republic of Serbia in comparison with other countries in the region.","PeriodicalId":53322,"journal":{"name":"Kultura Skopje","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82775817","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Culture in the foreign relations of the European Union: Towards a new paradigm of cultural diplomacy?","authors":"Ljiljana Rogač-Mijatović","doi":"10.5937/kultura2173009r","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/kultura2173009r","url":null,"abstract":"In the past few years, cultural diplomacy has become important among the priorities of European Union (EU) policies. In that political vision, European cultural relations should be based on transnational interactions between two or more cultures, be equal, unprojective and non-coercive, and guided by mutual cooperation of state and non-state actors. The paper examines the development of the European Union's (EU) cultural diplomacy agenda, from \"culture in external relations\" to \"inclusive cultural relations\" and the \"new spirit of dialogue\" as a political narrative and institutional logic, laying the foundations for contemporary priorities of European foreign cultural policy, its instruments and programs. The theoretical and empirical framework of the analysis is set by considering the dichotomies of discourse and political rhetoric surrounding EU cultural diplomacy. The methodology of the work is based on an analysis of the EU public policy discourse and documents, initiatives, contents and announcements related to cultural diplomacy and foreign cultural policy, in order to see their development phases, concepts and scope of activities for improving international cultural relations. In defining and interpreting the current European \"narrative\" and the paradigm of cultural diplomacy, the paper starts from the multiperspectival theoretical foundation of cultural diplomacy and related concepts. The analysis shows how the EU's decade-long effort to shape its foreign policy and cultural strategy has gained its explicit expression from the implicit one. At several stages of development, the EU has adopted a new model of cultural diplomacy that combines elements of several definitions - and theoretical frameworks - of public diplomacy and soft power, cultural policy, international cultural relations and cultural cooperation. This integrated EU strategic approach is based on a broad definition of culture, intercultural dialogue and cooperation, and a bottom-up approach. In order to balance the soft power projection dimension in EU cultural diplomacy policy and practice, it would be necessary to persist in advocating for a cultural perspective that would focus on collaborative approaches and field processes generated by cultural diplomacy projects and actors. It would essentially be an incentive for a \"new spirit of dialogue\" both between member states and with third countries that are on the European path.","PeriodicalId":53322,"journal":{"name":"Kultura Skopje","volume":"35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86406870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Research of public libraries audience","authors":"B. Grujić","doi":"10.5937/kultura2171101g","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/kultura2171101g","url":null,"abstract":"This paper is a proposal for a methodologically based monitoring of the changes in habits and needs of library audiences, i.e. changes in access to library services, in the circumstances of the changed communication models caused by the wide use of information and communication technology. It presents audience research in the context of strategic planning in libraries, and points out terminological categories that could serve as a starting point for further research. Using the case study method of Novi Sad City Library, the paper categorizes the audience in two groups which proved to be right for quantitative and qualitative monitoring: according to the preference of the audience for certain content - permanent, occasional, potential and inaccessible audience types are defined, and according to the methods of addressing - users of funds and services, audiences in the narrow sense and online users are defined. Young people turned out to be a strategically relevant target group. The research has shown that the youth are the widest digital media consumers and that their primary goal is infotainment - a combination of a low percentage of information in highly entertaining packages. Members of young population do not recognize the library as a place of interest, so it is necessary to develop adequate channels of communication with them, in a way typical for this group. The paper shows how the model of the Novi Sad Library can be applied as a strategically based audience research in other public libraries, and gives an example of a user experience testing model (UX) and its final result - designed library services. Previous researches by Leo Appleton and Gina De Alwis were used in the paper. At the core of the designed service is participation, as a model of creating instead of consuming the prepared content.","PeriodicalId":53322,"journal":{"name":"Kultura Skopje","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81413905","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The post-postmodern subject: The role of narrative imagination in construing of the subject","authors":"V. Popović","doi":"10.5937/kultura2171055p","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/kultura2171055p","url":null,"abstract":"The so-called \"postmodern turn\" has produced a sense of turmoil in contemporary philosophy and the humanities, subverting the Western mind and provoking doubts in its existence, sense of meaning and purpose. It disputes almost all basic premises of modernity. For example, notions such as: the self, the subject, imagination, became a target of vicious attacks by postmodern thinkers. Counter to the modern notion of the subject, the postmodern subject lacks an essential core of identity: it is fragmented, decentered, in the process of perpetual change or disintegration. A \"thinking and reflecting\" subject who looks inward to inspect the self is denied, as neither such an interiorized being that examines, conceptualize and interacts with others, nor interiority as such, exist. The subject is nowadays advised to search outward for the ways to interact with the social world, because this a privileged way of construing one's self. In similar fashion, imagination is obliterated and devoid of its creative powers. The \"imaginary\", as a reference to an impersonal entity, is substituted for the notion of imagination. While the latter stands for an \"author\" or \"creator\" who produces or creates images, the former is nothing creative in itself. The outcome is that, in the postmodern theory, the imagination is seen as an obsolete mental ability which is deposed of its power to create meaning. My intention in this paper is not to reanimate the modern notions of the self, the subject and imagination, but rather to consent with the postmodern verdict and proceed onward. It is my intention to build a post-postmodern notion of the self. The purpose of my paper is to introduce a post-Jungian account of the importance that the narrative and imagination have in human life for the constitution of subjectivity and the self.","PeriodicalId":53322,"journal":{"name":"Kultura Skopje","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88675845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Some examples of interaction between dominant and non-dominant models in history of thought","authors":"Aleksandar Milanković","doi":"10.5937/kultura2171151m","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/kultura2171151m","url":null,"abstract":"What are the types of interaction between dominant and non-dominant models in history of ideas? Is it the case that dominant paradigms of thought and \"absolute pre-suppositions\" of one age are permeated with non-dominant, different or even opposite sets of ideas, pre-suppositions and beliefs? If so, to what extent? Is it possible to control trajectories of ideas, their circulation and historical interactions in processes of suppressing the non-dominant models (by eradicating material traces and destroying their proponents)? How do suppressed ideas influence dominant models of thought?","PeriodicalId":53322,"journal":{"name":"Kultura Skopje","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73400818","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Features of cultural diplomacy of the United States of America","authors":"Mladen Lišanin","doi":"10.5937/kultura2173069l","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/kultura2173069l","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of the article is to shed light on the historical and intellectual frameworks within which the concept of American cultural diplomacy has emerged and transformed, as well as to identify the features of its theoretical formulations and practical application. American historical experience, first the inter-war, and subsequently World War II and Cold War, essentially determined the ways in which the diplomatic system of the United States developed. Academic and social debates on the role and significance of culture in pursuing national interest have been, and remained until today, reflections of international system transformations and the American position therein. The superpower experience during the bipolar system of the Cold War, as well as subsequent incomparable status of the global hegemony during the post-Cold War \"unipolar moment\", has shaped the practice of American diplomacy in a way which occasionally blurred the difference between the natures and extents of military and cultural dominance of the US. This is evident from the case of American cultural-diplomatic relations with Serbia and former Yugoslavia, analyzed in the third section of the paper. The key finding is that, in the context of great power politics, the cultural aspect of foreign policy functions only in cooperation with the military-strategic aspect; thus, only cultural influence purposefully exerted as part of general diplomatic efforts can be considered cultural diplomacy.","PeriodicalId":53322,"journal":{"name":"Kultura Skopje","volume":"43 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78540517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}