Environmental and Experimental Biology最新文献_第3页

Insights into the core bacterial consortia of root endophytes in two cultivated varieties of rice in West Bengal 西孟加拉邦两个栽培水稻品种根系内生菌核心菌群的研究

Environmental and Experimental Biology Pub Date : 2023-01-11 DOI: 10.22364/eeb.20.19

S. Sengupta, P. Singh, S. Ganguli

{"title":"Insights into the core bacterial consortia of root endophytes in two cultivated varieties of rice in West Bengal","authors":"S. Sengupta, P. Singh, S. Ganguli","doi":"10.22364/eeb.20.19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22364/eeb.20.19","url":null,"abstract":"Root endophytes are considered to be one of the potent environment-friendly substitutes for chemical fertilizers, as they possess an ability to induce crosstalk inside the hosts for growth promotion, nitrogen fixation, phosphate solubilization and iron sequestration. This study aimed to explore and evaluate the key root endophytic bacterial consortia of two widely cultivated varieties of rice (Oryza sativa L.), cv. ‘Saraswati’ (OS01) and cv. ‘Kunti’ (OS04). Detailed comparative metagenome data were generated for endophytes of OS01 and OS04 and the species richness was calculated. OS01 showed higher endophyte species richness than OS04, with alpha diversity values of 3.10 and 2.40, respectively. Bacillus, Magnetospirillum, Methanocystis, Desulfomicrobium and Pantoea were identified as common endophyte members for both cultivars. Solibacillus, Paenibacillus, Candidatus, and Melospira were unique members of OS01, and Herbaspirillum, Pandoraea, Anabaenopsis for OS04. Considerable occurrence of nitrogen fixing bacteria and methanogenic bacteria in the cultivars confirmed biological nitrogen fixation, which can contribute to plant development. Core homeotic pathways of amino acid biosynthesis and carbon metabolism were also reflected in endophytes from both cultivars, indicating a supportive environment for microorganisms. Sulfur metabolism pathways were likewise predicted to be active in the niche under study, which may be attributed as a response to arsenic stress. Furthermore, the most abundant genera identified may potentially serve as crucial consortium candidates for host plant development and contribute to better yield in a sustainable manner.","PeriodicalId":53270,"journal":{"name":"Environmental and Experimental Biology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47424132","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Histomorphological features of the thyroid gland in rats of different ages with alimentary-induced obesity 不同年龄饮食性肥胖大鼠甲状腺的组织形态学特征

Environmental and Experimental Biology Pub Date : 2022-10-28 DOI: 10.22364/eeb.20.16

R. Yanko, M. Levashov

{"title":"Histomorphological features of the thyroid gland in rats of different ages with alimentary-induced obesity","authors":"R. Yanko, M. Levashov","doi":"10.22364/eeb.20.16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22364/eeb.20.16","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the study was to compare histomorphological disorders of the thyroid gland in rats of different ages with alimentary-induced obesity. The study was carried out on male Wistar rats, aged six and 21 months. Alimentary obesity in animals was modelled by keeping them on a high-calorie diet (580 kcal 100 g‑1) for 12 weeks, with an excess content of fats and carbohydrates. Control animals were given a standard diet (330 kcal 100 g‑1). Histological preparations were made from thyroid tissue. Histomorphometry was carried out using the computer program “ImageJ”. It was revealed that a 3‑month high-calorie diet led to the appearance of pronounced histomorphological signs of thyroid hypofunction in rats. Intensive colloid resorption and a decrease in colloid area occurred in the gland. Devastated follicles were common. Thyrocytes acquired a prismatic shape. There was hyperplasia of the thyroid gland, which led to an increase in its size. The intensity of morphological disorders of the thyroid gland depended on the degree of obesity and had a distinct age-dependent character. In young rats, these changes were more pronounced than in older animals.","PeriodicalId":53270,"journal":{"name":"Environmental and Experimental Biology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49369084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

In vitro antioxidant activity of Anisochilus carnosus leaf, stem and callus 肉苁蓉叶、茎和愈伤组织的体外抗氧化活性

Environmental and Experimental Biology Pub Date : 2022-10-28 DOI: 10.22364/eeb.20.15

A. Ravikumar, J. John

{"title":"In vitro antioxidant activity of Anisochilus carnosus leaf, stem and callus","authors":"A. Ravikumar, J. John","doi":"10.22364/eeb.20.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22364/eeb.20.15","url":null,"abstract":"Anisochilus carnosus (Lamiaceae) is an annual herb growing at high altitudes, which is used in traditional medicine. The present study was carried out to determine the total phenolic concentration, total flavonoid concentration and antioxidant activity of ethanolic extracts of leaf and stem, and their respective calli. For callus development, healthy leaf and stem explants of A. carnosus were inoculated in Murashige and Skoog medium with auxin-type plant growth regulators 2,4-dichlorophenoxy acetic acid (2,4-D), indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), indole-3-butyric acid (IBA), and naphthalene acetic acid (NAA). Callus initiation was started within one week of inoculation and profound callusing was observed in presence of 2 mg L–1 2,4-D, IAA, and IBA. NAA alone did not induce any callus at lower doses, while combination of 2,4-D and 2,4-D + NAA produced callus at all tested concentrations. Maximum total phenolic concentration was found in the leaf callus, while the highest flavonoid concentration was found in the stem callus. The antioxidant activity of both leaf and stem calli extracts were consistent. In terms of antioxidant activity, callus extracts exceeded leaf and stem extracts. It can be concluded that the callus extract is an excellent source of phytotherapeutic antioxidants. Callus-derived secondary metabolites from A. carnosus have potential use in a variety of biological applications.","PeriodicalId":53270,"journal":{"name":"Environmental and Experimental Biology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43543819","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Microbial biosurfactants: prospects of sustainable molecules with promising applications in bioremediation 微生物生物表面活性剂:具有生物修复应用前景的可持续分子

Environmental and Experimental Biology Pub Date : 2022-10-28 DOI: 10.22364/eeb.20.14

Samir Berkat, A. Meliani, Hibat Errahmèn Mazari, Samia Aliane

引用次数: 1

Comparative screening of cadmium stress responses among three rice cultivars 3个水稻品种镉胁迫响应的比较筛选

Environmental and Experimental Biology Pub Date : 2022-10-28 DOI: 10.22364/eeb.20.17

Ankita Biswas, S. Pal

引用次数: 2

Wide diversity of pollens in honey samples from Indian Himalayan neighbourhoods: a melissopalynological study 来自印度喜马拉雅地区的蜂蜜样本中花粉的广泛多样性:一项花粉学研究

Environmental and Experimental Biology Pub Date : 2022-08-09 DOI: 10.22364/eeb.20.10

V. Kumari, N. Mattu, P. Thakur, Dinesh Lakhanpal, V. K. Mattu

{"title":"Wide diversity of pollens in honey samples from Indian Himalayan neighbourhoods: a melissopalynological study","authors":"V. Kumari, N. Mattu, P. Thakur, Dinesh Lakhanpal, V. K. Mattu","doi":"10.22364/eeb.20.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22364/eeb.20.10","url":null,"abstract":"Melissopalynological analysis of 34 honey samples (17 summer and 17 autumn samples) collected from feral colonies of Indian hive bee (Apis cerana), European bee (Apis mellifera) and rock bee (Apis dorsata) during 2011 – 2015 from the Shimla Hills of Himachal Pradesh (India) was performed. Pollen from plant taxa belonging to 43 families was found in the honey samples. Of 34 honey samples from the Shimla Hills, 18 were unifloral with 12 pollen types as predominant and the remaining 16 samples were multifloral. The predominant pollen plant taxa of summer were Pyrus sp., Malus domestica, Prunus amygdalus, Prunus sp., Eucalyptus camaldulensis, Citrus sp. and Rhododendron arboreum. In autumn, the predominant pollen plant taxa were Leucaena leucocephala, Salvia officinalis, Eriobotrya japonica, Impatiens balsamina and Prinsepia utilis. Melissopalynological analysis of summer honey collected from Summer Hill and Sarahan tagged these as “mad honey”, since Rhododendron pollen was predominant. The pollen spectrum indicated a diverse bee plant flora, which is promising indicator to augment the beekeeping industry in this region.","PeriodicalId":53270,"journal":{"name":"Environmental and Experimental Biology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41885865","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Abstracts of the 23rd Meeting of the Group of European Charophytologists (16–19 August 2022) 欧洲特征学家小组第23次会议摘要（2022年8月16日至19日）

Environmental and Experimental Biology Pub Date : 2022-08-09 DOI: 10.22364/eeb.20.13

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引用次数: 0

Taxonomic diversity and morphological types of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal communities symbiotic with Atlas pistachio along an aridity gradient in Algeria 阿尔及利亚沿干旱梯度与开心果共生的丛枝菌根真菌群落的分类多样性和形态类型

Environmental and Experimental Biology Pub Date : 2022-08-09 DOI: 10.22364/eeb.20.12

A. Limane, N. Saadoun

引用次数: 0

Efflux-mediated ciprofloxacin and cefixime resistance in Pseudomonas aeruginosa 埃夫卢介导的铜绿假单胞菌对环丙沙星和头孢克肟的耐药性

Environmental and Experimental Biology Pub Date : 2022-08-09 DOI: 10.22364/eeb.20.11

Minsa Mini, Abhirami P. Sreekantan, Arya K. Manikandan, Archana G. Mohanan, Sajeeb Khan, Praveen Kumar

{"title":"Efflux-mediated ciprofloxacin and cefixime resistance in Pseudomonas aeruginosa","authors":"Minsa Mini, Abhirami P. Sreekantan, Arya K. Manikandan, Archana G. Mohanan, Sajeeb Khan, Praveen Kumar","doi":"10.22364/eeb.20.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22364/eeb.20.11","url":null,"abstract":"Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a gram-negative, motile and clinically relevant bacterium. It is a significant pathogen associated with immunosuppression, cystic fibrosis and malignancy. Infections due to multidrug-resistant P. aeruginosa cause greater morbidity, death rate, and increased healthcare expenses. Drug efflux is a prevalent mechanism of antibiotic resistance in P. aeruginosa. The objective of the study was to analyze the antibiotic susceptibility profile of a clinical strain of P. aeruginosa (GC14) and to identify the mechanism of antibiotic resistance. The antibiotic resistance of GC14 was tested against 19 antibiotics using an antibiotic susceptibility test. A polymerase chain reaction-based strategy was employed to detect the presence of mexB, mexD and mexY efflux pump genes. The efflux pump inhibition assay was conducted to analyze the effect of efflux pumps on antibiotic resistance in GC14, using carbonyl cyanide m‑chlorophenyl hydrazone (CCCP) as an efflux pump inhibitor. The antibiotic susceptibility test confirmed that GC14 is multidrug-resistant and showed resistance to tetracycline, cefixime, ciprofloxacin, erythromycin, meropenem, azithromycin, doxycycline, aztreonam, co-trimoxazole and gentamycin. The genes encoding transporter protein viz. mexB, mexD and mexY were amplified successfully from P. aeruginosa, revealing the presence of efflux pump genes. The data obtained from the efflux inhibition assay using CCCP showed that efflux pumps play a significant role in ciprofloxacin and cefixime resistance. The study emphasizes the importance of efflux pumps in antibiotic resistance and also confers the necessity of continuous surveillance and regular monitoring of the emergence of multidrug-resistant isolates of P. aeruginosa.","PeriodicalId":53270,"journal":{"name":"Environmental and Experimental Biology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49475901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Floral characteristics support nocturnal pollination and pollination syndrome in Barringtonia racemosa 花的特点支持夜间传粉和授粉综合征在总状花Barringtonia

Environmental and Experimental Biology Pub Date : 2022-06-08 DOI: 10.22364/eeb.20.03

Meijei T. Bagangao, A. C. Manila-Fajardo

{"title":"Floral characteristics support nocturnal pollination and pollination syndrome in Barringtonia racemosa","authors":"Meijei T. Bagangao, A. C. Manila-Fajardo","doi":"10.22364/eeb.20.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22364/eeb.20.03","url":null,"abstract":"To test for pollination syndrome and to complement records of foraging visitors of an associate mangrove, Barringtonia racemosa (L.) Spreng., aspects of its floral biology were investigated. Phenology and floral rewards (pollen viability, pollen histochemistry and nectar sugar concentration) were focused on owing to their role in plant-pollinator interaction. During the floral opening at 19:00, pollen viability, lipid presence and nectar sugar concentration were highest at 88.05 ± 0.98%, 80.69 ± 10.51%, and 68.98 ± 1.09% mg flower–1, respectively. Starch presence in pollen was rather low (mean 24.95 ± 14.58%), due to hydrolysis of starch occurring during anthesis. These floral characteristics, which reflected the highest reproductive activity, coincided with nocturnal foraging of previously recorded moth visitors. Although bats were rarely observed in previous studies, nocturnal anthesis complemented with the recorded large amount of sugar in nectar (68.98 ± 1.09% mg flower–1 = 1158 J) might be sufficient to provide the average needs of nocturnally foraging bats. Investigation of floral characteristics to complement observation of floral visitors is highly recommended to give a better understanding of the pollination system. Moreover, this study supports the pollination syndrome concept, emphasizing the need for investigation of the role of floral rewards in plant-pollinator relationships.","PeriodicalId":53270,"journal":{"name":"Environmental and Experimental Biology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43571437","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0