Vision PanAmerica最新文献_第9页

The Elusive Pathophysiology of Leber's Hereditary Optic Neuropathy Leber遗传性视神经病变的病理生理学研究

Vision PanAmerica Pub Date : 2016-09-01 DOI: 10.15234/VPA.V15I4.352

Kaitlin Kogachi, A. Ter-Zakarian, Jack J. Tian, R. Karanjia, A. Sadun

{"title":"The Elusive Pathophysiology of Leber's Hereditary Optic Neuropathy","authors":"Kaitlin Kogachi, A. Ter-Zakarian, Jack J. Tian, R. Karanjia, A. Sadun","doi":"10.15234/VPA.V15I4.352","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15234/VPA.V15I4.352","url":null,"abstract":"Leber’s Hereditary Optic Neuropathy (LHON) is a mitochondrially inherited disorder characterized by rapid, subacute vision loss. LHON has historically been a difficult disease to study due to its low incidence. Many questions concerning its pathophysiology have remained unanswered. A significant enigma concerns LHON’s gender bias as represented by the male-to-female ratio of about 4:1. Another source of confusion includes the variable penetrance, since the mitochondrial mutation is necessary, but not sufficient, to cause conversion. A third challenge involves the tissue specificity, since typically only the optic nerve is involved with a specific pattern of optic atrophy due to primary loss of the papillomacular bundle (PMB) in affected individuals. The fourth remaining complexity is the pattern of rapid, subacute vision loss observed in nearly all affected individuals. Several clinical genetic studies, cybrid experiments, and histochemical studies have been conducted to address the three enigmas of gender bias, variable penetrance, and tissue specificity. Despite elucidation of these three aspects of the pathophysiology, the mechanism behind the rapid, significant vision loss remains a mystery.","PeriodicalId":53032,"journal":{"name":"Vision PanAmerica","volume":"47 1","pages":"102-105"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76250834","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Prevalence of angle closure disease in an ophthalmology teaching hospital before and after encouragement of gonioscopy 某眼科教学医院鼓励进行角膜镜检查前后闭角病的发生率分析

Vision PanAmerica Pub Date : 2016-08-31 DOI: 10.15234/VPA.V15I4.177

Jorge-Emmanuel Morales-León, Karla Dueñas-Ángeles, Celia Elizondo-Olascoaga, Curt Hartleben-Matkin

{"title":"Prevalence of angle closure disease in an ophthalmology teaching hospital before and after encouragement of gonioscopy","authors":"Jorge-Emmanuel Morales-León, Karla Dueñas-Ángeles, Celia Elizondo-Olascoaga, Curt Hartleben-Matkin","doi":"10.15234/VPA.V15I4.177","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15234/VPA.V15I4.177","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose To determine differences in prevalence of angle closure disease (ACD) in a glaucoma department of an ophthalmology teaching hospital before and after strategies promoting gonioscopy were implemented. To characterize patients with angle closure disease and also when divided by Foster classification in a heterogeneous Latin American population. Study design Retrospective, observational, case-control study. Material and methods We reviewed every electronic medical record from July 2010 and July 2013 from the glaucoma department at our institution. Prevalence was obtained from the diagnosis of electronic medical records and we characterized patients with general ACD and also when dividing them according to Foster ACD classification Results: We reviewed 2112 medical records from July 2010 and 2549 medical records from 2013. Angle closure disease prevalence went from 7.29% (n=154) in 2010 to 20.36% (n=519) in 2013. Prevalence of primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) decreased from 23.20% to 10.84% in the same period of time. Angle closure disease characterization revealed that women are the most affected gender Conclusions: Promoting the performance of a standardized and supervised gonioscopy to all patients of a glaucoma department in an ophthalmology teaching hospital, resulted in 1.79 times more diagnosis of angle closure compared to a time when it was not compulsory. Characterization showed that angle closure patients tend to be women, with decreasing low hyperopia and normal office intraocular pressures, especially when treated with antiglaucoma medications.","PeriodicalId":53032,"journal":{"name":"Vision PanAmerica","volume":"92 1","pages":"106-109"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76447942","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Acute Macular Neuroretinopathy Presenting as Bitemporal Defects on Humphrey Visual Field 急性黄斑神经视网膜病变表现为汉弗莱视野双颞缺损

Vision PanAmerica Pub Date : 2016-08-24 DOI: 10.15234/VPA.V15I3.343

Rachel S. Mogil, S. Fragiotta, G. Barile, Jamie R Mitchell

引用次数: 0

Posterior Scleritis and Myelodisplasia in Relapsing Polychondritis- Case Report and Literature Review 复发性多软骨炎的后巩膜炎和髓样变1例报告及文献复习

Vision PanAmerica Pub Date : 2016-08-24 DOI: 10.15234/VPA.V15I3.314

N. Marques, A. Miranda, S. Barros, S. Parreira, N. Mejias, Belmira Belran, N. Campos, João Cardoso

引用次数: 0

A Review of Scleral Flap Shape on Trabeculectomy Outcomes 巩膜瓣形状对小梁切除术结果的影响

Vision PanAmerica Pub Date : 2016-07-29 DOI: 10.15234/VPA.V15I3.345

Megan A Rowlands, A. Maharaj

{"title":"A Review of Scleral Flap Shape on Trabeculectomy Outcomes","authors":"Megan A Rowlands, A. Maharaj","doi":"10.15234/VPA.V15I3.345","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15234/VPA.V15I3.345","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction : Trabeculectomies are amongst the most common surgical procedures to lower intraocular pressure (IOP). Scleral flap dimensions are a key factor in influencing aqueous outflow and subsequent IOP reduction, especially in the early postoperative period. Despite the substantial diversity of scleral flap shapes that is used in practice, there is little information comparing outcomes between them. In this study, we review the literature on the uses and outcomes of various scleral flap shapes. Methods: A literature review was performed using the databases: MEDLINE, SCOPUS, and Web of Science. Search terms for relevant studies included the following: trabeculectomy AND (square OR triang* OR rectang* OR polygon* OR arc OR shape) AND flap. Results: Our initial literature search revealed 71 unique articles, six of which met our inclusion and exclusion criteria and were reviewed. Four articles reported the use of triangular flaps, one rectangular flap, one square flap, and two arc-shaped flaps. The data from each article were reviewed for the following: Surgical technique Early postoperative intraocular pressure reduction Final postoperative intraocular pressure reduction Postoperative complications Conclusions: A myriad of scleral flap shapes is utilized in surgical practice. Essentially all of the trabeculectomy procedures, regardless of scleral flap shape, achieved substantial reductions in IOP with similar success rates. However, due to the variability in surgical technique and lack of direct comparison, we cannot definitively conclude or deny that one flap shape is superior to another. We believe our review provides the most comprehensive analysis of scleral flap shape to date and highlights its importance in regulating aqueous flow, especially in the early postoperative period.","PeriodicalId":53032,"journal":{"name":"Vision PanAmerica","volume":"1 1","pages":"70-74"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90414805","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

OCULAR INJURIES CAUSED BY LIGHTNING STRIKES: REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE AND PRESENTATION OF TWO CLINICAL CASES 雷击引起的眼部损伤:回顾文献和两个临床病例的报告

Vision PanAmerica Pub Date : 2016-07-13 DOI: 10.15234/vpa.v15i3.329

Jeanneth Toquica, H. Gómez

引用次数: 4

Peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer thickness and peripheral microcirculation in Raynaud's disease. 雷诺病的乳头周围视网膜神经纤维层厚度与周围微循环。

Vision PanAmerica Pub Date : 2016-07-13 DOI: 10.15234/VPA.V15I3.324

Catarina Pedrosa, S. Pina, F. Paula, M. Amaral, F. Vaz

{"title":"Peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer thickness and peripheral microcirculation in Raynaud's disease.","authors":"Catarina Pedrosa, S. Pina, F. Paula, M. Amaral, F. Vaz","doi":"10.15234/VPA.V15I3.324","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15234/VPA.V15I3.324","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Normal-tension glaucoma has been associated with systemic vascular diseases such as peripheral vasospasm. This study aims to evaluate the influence of peripheral vasospasm on the thickness of the retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) in Raynaud’s disease (RD), and the correlation between global RNFL and peripheral microcirculation features in RD patients. Methods: Observational cross-sectional study of 18 patients (35 eyes) with a diagnosis of RD followed in our clinic, and 20 healthy controls (39 eyes). RNFL parameters were obtained using spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT Spectralisâ, Heidelberg). Global and sectorial peripapillary RNFL thickness were registered. Age, gender, refractive error, best-corrected visual acuity and intraocular pressure were determined, and slit-lamp biomicroscopy and fundus examination were performed. Nailfold videocapillaroscopy (NC) was performed in the RD group to characterize capillary morphology and blood flow. Mann-Whitney and Fisher’s exact tests were used for statistical analysis. Statistical significance level was set at p<0.05 (two-sided). Results: There was no significant difference in the global RNFL between RD patients and the control group (p=0.35). The presence of avascular areas in NC was associated with a lower global RNFL thickness (p=0.026). Conclusion: The association between avascular areas in NC and the lower global RNFL thickness in RD patients suggests that systemic vasospasm severity may be related to optic nerve lesion propensity. Therefore, its presence in NC may identify RD patients at risk for optic nerve head lesion. A larger sample with a long-term study is needed to support the clinical and therapeutic implications of our findings.","PeriodicalId":53032,"journal":{"name":"Vision PanAmerica","volume":"95 1","pages":"80-83"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83705750","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

CURIOSITY MAKES YOU SMARTER 好奇心让你更聪明

Vision PanAmerica Pub Date : 2016-07-01 DOI: 10.15234/VPA.V15I2.348

P. E. Dantas

引用次数: 0

MESSAGE FROM THE PAAO PRESIDENT AND FROM THE CHAIRMAN OF THE PAOF BOARD 来自paof总裁和paof董事会主席的信息

Vision PanAmerica Pub Date : 2016-05-12 DOI: 10.15234/VPA.V15I2.339

E. Alfonso

引用次数: 0

Message from the Chairman of the Boardof the Board 董事会主席的致辞

Vision PanAmerica Pub Date : 2016-04-27 DOI: 10.15234/vpa.v15i1.333

L. Ventura

引用次数: 0