Ukrainian Botanical Journal最新文献

{"title":"Nomenclatural and taxonomic comments on some taxa of Chenopodiaceae of the Himalayas and Tibet/Xizang","authors":"S. Mosyakin, B. Mandák","doi":"10.15407/ukrbotj77.06.413","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15407/ukrbotj77.06.413","url":null,"abstract":"Nomenclatural corrections and comments are provided on several taxa of Chenopodiaceae occurring in the Himalayas and Xizang/Tibet and adjacent areas, following the recent monographic revision of the family in that region and earlier publications. In particular, the original identity of the name Atriplex bengalensis (Chenopodium bengalense) is discussed and it is confirmed, based on additional evidence, that the name was originally (before its epitypification in 2014) applicable to a robust diploid of the Chenopodium ficifolium aggregate, not to the robust hexaploid currently known as C. giganteum. It is thus also concluded that the recent proposal by Mosyakin and Mandák (2018) to conserve the name C. giganteum with a conserved type corresponding to the current understanding and application of that name will best serve nomenclatural stability. A nomenclatural solution alternative to the proposal to reject the name A. bengalensis might be the following: (1) to conserve the name Atriplex bengalensis with a conserved C. ficifolium against C. bengalense. The nomenclaturally paradoxical situation with the names Chenopodium pallidum, C. harae, and Atriplex pallida (all now considered homotypic, as justified by Mosyakin and McNeill in 2018), which emerged from the conflicting lectotypification and epitypification of the name C. pallidum, is revisited and reconsidered. Possible options for dealing with that nomenclatural problem are outlined: (1) keeping the status quo, (2) proposing to conserve the name C. pallidum with a conserved type other than the standing lectotype, and (3) proposing to reject the name C. pallidum. The last option is considered preferable. Additional considerations are presented on a possible taxonomic identity of Chenopodium strictum as originally described by Roth; it is confirmed that that name was misapplied to a widespread Eurasian tetraploid species now properly known as C. betaceum. The identity of the name Bassia fiedleri is discussed; being a replacement name for Echinopsilon divaricatum, it is homotypic with Bassia divaricata (Kar. & Kir.) Kuntze (nom. illeg., non F. Muell.) and is a taxonomic synonym of Grubovia dasiphylla (as correctly stated by Kadereit and Freitag in 2011), but not a synonym of Bassia scoparia. Several comments on type designations of selected taxa of Chenopodiaceae from the Sino-Himalayan region are provided as well; e.g., for Acroglochin persicarioides and associated names, Chenopodium karoi, and Salsola monoptera.","PeriodicalId":52835,"journal":{"name":"Ukrainian Botanical Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44781242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ecological and cenological characteristics of Scopolia carniolica (Solanaceae) in Ukraine. II. Phytocenotaxonomy of forests with Scopolia carniolica","authors":"J. Negrash, Y. Vorobyov","doi":"10.15407/ukrbotj77.06.454","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15407/ukrbotj77.06.454","url":null,"abstract":"The composition of dominant species in syntaxa with S. carniolica is generalized. The phytocoenotic range of the species in Ukraine is defined, which allows to predict its presence in other syntaxa. The analysis shows that among the co-edificators, most of the subdominants of the stands are in the formations Fageta sylvaticae, Fraxineta excelsioris, Querceta roboris, and Q. petraeae. It has been found that the formation Carpineta betuli contains the largest number of semi-edificators that usually do not act as edificators. Thus, S. carniolica occurs in a variety of deciduous forests in the country. The species is rarely observed in Ukraine in the forests of the formation Alneta glutinosae. A syntaxonomic inventory of the localities of S. carniolica will contribute to composition of syntaxa in the next edition of the Green Data Book of Ukraine as well as improve the protection of the species.","PeriodicalId":52835,"journal":{"name":"Ukrainian Botanical Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45575041","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Growth, cultural and morphological characteristics of strains of Laetiporus sulphureus (Polyporales, Basidiomycota) under the influence of laser irradiation","authors":"K. Reshetnyk, Yuriy Prysedsky","doi":"10.15407/ukrbotj77.06.472","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15407/ukrbotj77.06.472","url":null,"abstract":"The article provides growth, cultural and morphological characteristics of the vegetative mycelium on agar nutrient medium under the influence of laser irradiation for three strains of Laetiporus sulphureus from the Collection of basidiomycete cultures of the Department of Botany and Ecology of Vasyl' Stus Donetsk National University. The study was performed on potatoglucose agar (PGA) at a temperature of 26 ± 1 °C. It has been found that cultural and morphological characteristics of the colonies and the radial rate of their growth depend on the duration of irradiation (5 and 10 s) and the wavelength of light – green (532 nm), blue (405 nm) and red light (635 nm). For all studied strains of L. sulphureus, the most effective irradiation is that with green light (irradiation energy 51.1 mJ/cm2) lasting 10 s. Under the influence of this regime, the rate of radial mycelium growth increased from 23.4% to 66.7%, respectively, and the inoculum and the central zone of the surrounding colony formed a denser and higher mycelium of a pale sandy color. In general, the cultural and morphological features of the mycelial colonies of L. sulphureus strains under different conditions were somewhat different, but they were typical for this species.","PeriodicalId":52835,"journal":{"name":"Ukrainian Botanical Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47351767","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The flora of the Batumi landfill (Adjara, Georgia)","authors":"I. Mikeladze, A. Sharabidze","doi":"10.15407/ukrbotj77.06.428","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15407/ukrbotj77.06.428","url":null,"abstract":"Results of floristic research conducted within the territory of the Batumi landfill (Adjara, Georgia) are presented. The total area of the site is about 20 hectares, of which 10 hectares are active and the remaining part was closed in the beginning of the 21st century. In the closed area, the processes of formation of stabilized plant communities and spontaneous vegetation successions are going on. As a result of the survey, we revealed 244 species of vascular plants belonging to 163 genera of 59 families. Among them, 86 species are considered native and 158 species are alien. Among the listed species, 94 are representatives of the ruderal flora and others are species characteristic for various other habitats.","PeriodicalId":52835,"journal":{"name":"Ukrainian Botanical Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45209230","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synphytoindication evaluation of habitats of plant species listed in the Red Data Book of Ukraine and habitat risk assessment under the impact of climate change","authors":"V. Budzhak, Y. Didukh","doi":"10.15407/ukrbotj77.06.434","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15407/ukrbotj77.06.434","url":null,"abstract":"Ecological assessment of plant habitats in the territory of the upper basin of the Prut River was carried out using synphytoindication analysis of 2386 vegetation plots. This provided an opportunity to supplement the assessment of habitat conditions for 84 species of vascular plants listed in the Red Data Book of Ukraine. The conducted phytoindication assessment allowed to update and clarify information on the ranges of ecological amplitude for 55 species from the Red Data Book of Ukraine as well as to calculate indicators values for Crepis jacquinii for the first time. Based on the results of phytoindication assessment made for 49 species, the maximum ecological values (for 37 species) and minimum ecological values (for 38 species) were specified. Complete information on 12 environmental factors was obtained for habitats of 55 species, or 9% of species of vascular plants in the Red Data Book of Ukraine. A degree of possible threat to plant habitats is calculated, i.e. their reduction and loss due to increase in average annual temperature by 1, 2 and 3 °C. With the increase in temperature by 3 °C, the risk of habitat loss can reach 30% and only 3.5% of habitats remain out of danger, which indicates the catastrophic state of the studied habitats. At the same time, rising temperature can significantly affect the edaphic properties of the soil, in particular, the acidity regime; such indirect climate effects can be more significant for ecosystems than the direct ones. The obtained data indicate the risk of loss of species habitats, and subsequent result depends on further realization of species potential. Three options of the realization are possible: reduction and extinction, migration to other areas or landscape elements, and enhancing adaptive capacity of species. Results of ecological assessment of plant species and forecasting possible changes in their habitats based on synphytoindication methodology demonstrated the effectiveness and wide range of use of this methodology.","PeriodicalId":52835,"journal":{"name":"Ukrainian Botanical Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46718350","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cellulases of basidiomycetes for the development of cellulose bioconversion technologies","authors":"S. Boiko","doi":"10.15407/ukrbotj77.05.378","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15407/ukrbotj77.05.378","url":null,"abstract":"Basidiomycetes cultures were screened for the ability to actively express the cellulases complex. Nutrient media with various forms of sugars were used. From 22 cultures of macromycetes (14 species), a group of six cultures with high level activities of extracellular (Il-11 I. lacteus – 70 IU, Fvv F. velutipes – 78 IU, Pe-1 P. eryngii – 87 IU, Ps-1 L. sulphureus – 83 IU, Mg M. giganteus – 74 IU) and intracellular (Sc-51 S. commune – 102 IU) cellulase complex was selected. Cultures of the species exhibit notable differences in the expression of enzymes, which indicates a significant influence of genetic factors on the process of producer selection. Endo-1,4-β-D-glucanases isozymes for most fungi had a molecular weight of 55 kDa and above, except for S. commune, which had more variability of conformation and weight 12–55 kDa. The culture of Il-11 I. lacteus on media with Avicel and filter paper had the highest activity, its endo- and exo-1,4-β-D-glucanases activities ranged 37–39 IU/mL and 18–20 IU/ mL, respectively. The culture of S. commune Sc-51 is able to accumulate a significant amount of intracellular cellulases, but the production of culture fluid with high viscosity complicates technological manipulations and increases processing time. The obtained data allowed us to isolate an Il-11 I. lacteus culture with stable expression and high activity of the cellulases complex at different carbon sources.","PeriodicalId":52835,"journal":{"name":"Ukrainian Botanical Journal","volume":"77 1","pages":"378-385"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45623462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genesis and dynamics of the range of Daphne cneorum (Thymelaceae) within Ukraine","authors":"V. Melnyk, A. Baransky","doi":"10.15407/ukrbotj77.05.349","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15407/ukrbotj77.05.349","url":null,"abstract":"A detailed study of the geographical distribution and populations status in historical aspects of Daphne cneorum (Thymelaceae), a rare species in Europe, was conducted to establish the dynamics of its range in Ukraine. Analysis of phytogeographic and paleological data showed that this is a migratory relict species (sensu Szafer, 1975). As a tertiary relic, D. cneorum survived in the Volhynian-Podolian Upland. From this refugium, it migrated to the Polissya and Dnipro lowlands as well as the Dnipro and Lublin uplands in the interglacial and postglacial periods. The range of D. cneorum in Ukraine currently consists of two separate areas, Volhynian-Podolian and Dnipro fragments. The disjunction apparently arose as a result of inconsistency of the ecological conditions (acid soils on crystalline rocks) of the Ukrainian shield and physiological needs of the calcephilous species D. cneorum. In our opinion, the disjunctions between the Volhynian-Podolian, Belarus and Lublin parts of the range are of anthropogenic origin. Over the last century, an intensive degradation of populations and fragmentation of the range of D. cneorum took place in Ukraine. Anthropogenic pressure has led to regressive changes in the species range in the country. Due to low seed productivity, plant death is not compensated by replenishment and therefore in disturbed habitats populations of D. cneorum are completely eliminated. The species has apparently disappeared from the flora of Roztocze, Volhynian Upland and the Kremenets Mountains. Since the absolute protection regime is ineffective for D. cneorum populations, the need to develop conservation management for this species in natural habitats is emphasized.","PeriodicalId":52835,"journal":{"name":"Ukrainian Botanical Journal","volume":"77 1","pages":"349-362"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49646883","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gluconeogenic fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase from the mature sporocarps of common aquatic ferns: partial purification and basic characterization of this enzyme from Marsilea minuta (Polypodiopsida)","authors":"S. Ghosh, M. Das, S. Basu, J. Adhikari","doi":"10.15407/ukrbotj77.05.386","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15407/ukrbotj77.05.386","url":null,"abstract":"The present communication reports substantial activity of gluconeogenic fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase (FBPase; EC 3.1.3.11) in three common heterosporous aquatic ferns (Marsilea minuta, Salvinia natans, and Azolla pinnata) and also describes a protocol for its partial purification from mature sporocarps of Marsilea minuta. The cytosolic FBPase, obtained from Marsilea minuta, Salvinia natans, and Azolla pinnata was recognized as gluconeogenic enzyme due to its drastic catabolic inactivation in presence of externally administered glucose and its insensitivity towards photosynthetic light illumination. Cytosolic gluconeogenic FBPase was partially purified from mature sporocarps of Marsilea minuta to about 22-fold over homogenate following low-speed centrifugation (11, 400 × g), 30–80% ammonium sulfate fractionation followed by subsequent chromatography using matrices like CM-Cellulose, Sephadex G-200, and Ultrogel AcA 34. The profile of partially purified FBPase in PAGE under non-denaturing condition was recorded. The enzyme activity increased linearly with respect to protein concentration to about 100 µg and with respect to time up to 75 minutes. Temperature optimum was found at 35 °C. The effect of substrate concentration and kinetic analyses for FBPase were carried out using D-fructose-1,6-bisphosphate (D-FBP, the substrate) in the range of 0.0 to 1.0 mM at an interval of 0.1 mM concentration. The Km value for D-FBP of FBPase was 0.06129 mM and Vmax was 4525 nmole Pi released (mg)-1 protein h-1 as determined by nonlinear regression kinetics using Prism 8 software (Graph Pad). The enzyme was functional in a constricted pH range of 7.0 to 8.0, giving maxima at pH 7.5. This cytosolic enzyme was significantly stimulated by Mg2+ and strongly inhibited by Hg2+, Cu2+ and Zn2+.","PeriodicalId":52835,"journal":{"name":"Ukrainian Botanical Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45355657","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bioelectric characteristics of Chara fragilis (Characeae) cells","authors":"A. Hasanova, N. Musayev","doi":"10.15407/ukrbotj77.05.398","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15407/ukrbotj77.05.398","url":null,"abstract":"For the first time the data on the distribution of the potential (ϕm) and resistance (Rm) in the plasma membrane and cell wall (R0) of Chara fragilis cells were obtained using the Hogg method by the number of C. fragilis cells in standard conditions. The Hogg method allows simultaneous measurement of electrophysiological parameters, such as ϕm and Rm. The stationary values of the membrane potential and resistance varied in a rather wide range: –90...–300 mV and 1.0–32.6 Ohm·m2, respectively. The average values of ϕm were –183.0 ± 4.9 mV, Rm –9.0 ± 1.2 Ohm·m2. Using standard modifiers of membrane transport, the electrogenic activity of the cells was differentiated into two types: K+-channels and H+-membrane pumps. The activation ranges of the K+-inward rectifying channels and K+-outward rectifying channels are –130...–50 and –300...–162 mV, respectively. The cytosolic activity of K+-ions was 61.6 mmol/L. Since in our research, C. fragilis cells were studied for the first time, their electrogenic activity and ionic conductivity were tested using ammonium metavanadate (VO3ˉ) – a proton pump inhibitor and tetraethylammonium (TEA+) – a universal blocker of K+-channels of plasma membranes. Chara fragilis cells can be recommended as a test object for establishing the mechanisms of changes in plasma membrane transport under exogenous stress factors influence.","PeriodicalId":52835,"journal":{"name":"Ukrainian Botanical Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46321379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Morphological peculiarities of flowers, pollen grains and fruits of Valeriana tuberosa (Valerianaceae)","authors":"O. Tsarenko, Z. Tsymbalyuk, O. Bulakh, L. Nitsenko","doi":"10.15407/ukrbotj77.05.369","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15407/ukrbotj77.05.369","url":null,"abstract":"The results of the study of flowers, pollen grains and fruits of Valeriana tuberosa (sect. Tuberosae, Valerianaceae) are presented. Materials of the National Herbarium of the M.G. Kholodny Institute of Botany, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine (KW) were studied. The morphological structures of flowers, pollen grains and fruits were examined using both light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy; detailed descriptions of the elements of the flower, pollen grains and fruits were made and their specific features were established. The morphological features of the inflorescence, bracteoles, and the elements of the hermaphrodite flowers have been clarified. The pollen grains of V. tuberosa are 3-colpate, suboblate to subprolate (P/E = 0.85–1.33), medium- or large-sized. Their outline in equatorial view is elliptic, rarely circular, in polar view slightly trilobate or trilobate. Exine sculpture is echinate-microechinate with verrucae. The known and new carpological features are specified. In particular, papillate growth of periclinal walls of exocarp with stroke-shaped, jet and warty cuticular formations of the surface were noted the first time; details of exocarp stomatal system were revealed; features of trichomes and their cuticular structure on fruit wall are described. The obtained data are important additional characters for identification of the species and for the issues of taxonomy and phylogeny.","PeriodicalId":52835,"journal":{"name":"Ukrainian Botanical Journal","volume":"77 1","pages":"369-377"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44906597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}