Journal of Sugarcane Research最新文献

{"title":"COLLETOTRICHUM FALCATUM CAUSING RED ROT IN SUGARCANE: GENOMIC AND PROTEOMIC APPROACHES TO CHARACTERIZE THE PATHOGENIC VARIATION","authors":"P. Malathi, K. Kaverinathan, M. Scindiya, E. Elamathi, A. R. Sundar, R. Viswanathan","doi":"10.37580/jsr.2019.2.9.164-175","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37580/jsr.2019.2.9.164-175","url":null,"abstract":"Red rot caused by Colletotrichum falcatum, is the major constraint in sugarcane production in India and varietal resistance plays an important role in managing the disease. However, breakdown of resistance in sugarcane varieties to new pathogen variants which co-evolve concurrently is a serious concern and warrants a clear understanding on pathogenic variation in response to virulence. Hence, a detailed study has been carried out through genomic and proteomic approaches to characterize representative group of C. falcatum pathotypes and isolates varying phylogenetically based on 5.8S-ITS sequence analysis. At genomic level the isolates were characterized using conserved gene sequences viz., actin, calmodulin and GPDH and molecular markers viz., RAPD and ISSR. Molecular analyses with conserved gene sequences highly implicated the existence of one major group of virulent isolates and a minor group of least virulent isolates which was confirmed by definite nucleotide variation. Further studies with molecular markers viz., RAPD and ISSR also confirmed separate grouping of least virulent isolates and different groups among the virulent isolates. Among the markers, ISSR was more efficient in grouping the isolates based on virulence, since it clearly differentiated the least virulent isolates like conserved sequences and some of its primers were able to differentiate the virulent isolates with specific markers. For proteomic analysis, a protocol has been standardized to develop C. falcatum proteome profiles of phylogenetically differentiated virulent and least virulent isolates and demonstrated unique and differential expression of spots related to pathogen virulence. Some of the unique proteins viz., serine protease, DJ-1/PfpI family protein and glutathione S-transferase identified from C. falcatum were closer to well characterized pathogenicity related genes in Colletotrichum spp and other fungi. Outcome of the study formed a basis for characterizing virulence related genes in C. falcatum.","PeriodicalId":52656,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sugarcane Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41895773","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CO 12029 (KARAN 13): A NEW MIDLATE SUGARCANE VARIETY RELEASED FOR COMMERCIAL CULTIVATION IN NORTH WEST ZONE OF INDIA","authors":"B. Ram, R. Karuppaiyan, M. Meena, Ravinder Kumar, N. Kulshreshtha, G. Hemaprabha, M. Chhabra, B. Parameswari, S. Pandey","doi":"10.37580/jsr.2019.2.9.196-198","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37580/jsr.2019.2.9.196-198","url":null,"abstract":"The ICAR-Sugarcane Breeding Institute (SBI), Regional Centre, Karnal (Haryana) has recently evolved a high yielding midlate maturing sugarcane variety, Co 12029 (Karan 13) for commercial cultivation in North West Zone (NWZ) of India. Co 12029 was selected from the seedling progenies of an early maturing sugarcane variety Co 0118 GC at ICAR-SBI, Regional Centre, Karnal in 2008-09. This clone was assigned ‘Co’ number in the year 2012, based on its superior performance for cane yield, juice quality and resistance to red rot. Co 12029 was identified for release in NWZ of India by the Varietal Identification Committee during the 32nd Biennial Workshop of All India Coordinated Research Project (AICRP) on sugarcane held on 17 October 2018 at UAS, Bengaluru. This variety was released by the Central Varietal Release Committee during April 2019 and notified in the Gazette of India (S.O. 1498 (E) dated 1st April 2019) for commercial cultivation in NWZ of India comprising the states of Haryana, Punjab, Rajasthan, Central and Western Uttar Pradesh and Uttarakhand.","PeriodicalId":52656,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sugarcane Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69979853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"EFFECT OF PHOTO INITIATION TREATMENTS ON FLOWERING, POLLEN VIABILITY AND SEED GERMINABILITY OF FOUR SUGARCANE CLONES","authors":"F. Abu-Ellail, Bazeed D Mohamed","doi":"10.37580/jsr.2019.2.9.138-149","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37580/jsr.2019.2.9.138-149","url":null,"abstract":"The research reported was conducted during 2016 and 2017 at the breeding of Sugar Crops Agriculture (ARC), Giza, Egypt (30° 0’ N latitude, 31° 12’ E longitude),to examine the response of three sugarcane clones (Co1129, IK76-99, and NCo339) and the commercial cultivar GT54-9, to four photo-initiation treatments of constant 12.5-h days of 15-, 21-, 30-, and 60-days length followed by a declination of 30 s/d to 11 h 30 min.. The four sugarcane clones varied considerably in their initiation response. None showed any flowering response to the 15-day treatment. However, they revealed differential responses regarding their flowering dates for the 21-, 30-, and 60-day photo-initiation treatments. Their flowering dates were delayed by increasing the number of initiation cycles. The cultivar GT54-9 responded only to the 21-day treatment. Co1129 responded best to the 30-day treatment with 50% flowering but produced no flowers in the 21-day treatment. IK76-99 and NCo339, with 50% flowering, responded best to the 30-day treatment. Increasing the length of the inductive cycle reduced pollen viability. This resulted in decreased seed germinability and germination speed. We suggest all germplasm be screened under different photo-initiation cycles to define and select parents for sugarcane breeding program so all cross combinations can be made among synchronized flowering parents.","PeriodicalId":52656,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sugarcane Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44414572","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CO 11015 (ATULYA) A RECENTLY NOTIFIED SUGARCANE VARIETY FOR TAMIL NADU","authors":"G. Hemaprabha, C. Appunu, K. Mohanraj, A. Annadurai, S. Alarmelu, V. Sreenivasa, R. Karuppaiyan, R. Shanthi, P. Govindaraj, C. Mahadevaiah, T. L. Pathy, H. Mahadevaswamy, A. J. Prabakaran, S. Sheelamary, Adhini S. Pazhani, K. Elayaraja, R. Viswanathan, B. Ram","doi":"10.37580/jsr.2019.2.9.193-195","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37580/jsr.2019.2.9.193-195","url":null,"abstract":"Co 11015 (Atulya) has been notified for cultivation in Tamil Nadu as a short duration variety in the 83rd meeting of Central Sub Committee on Crop Standards, Notification, Government of India. This variety combines high cane yield and high sucrose content right from 8 months to 12 months of crop age. Co 11015 is evolved from the cross CoC 671 and Co 86011 at ICARSugarcane Breeding Institute, Coimbatore. The clone showed a remarkably good performance in the clonal trials with clear superiority over the standards Co 86032 and CoC 671. In station trials, it recorded a cane yield of 135.70 t ha-1, sucrose of 21.46 % and sugar yield of 20.09 t ha-1 at 360 days.","PeriodicalId":52656,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sugarcane Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42954467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"SUGARCANE RUST: CHANGING DISEASE DYNAMICS AND ITS MANAGEMENT","authors":"R. Selvakumar, R. Viswanathan","doi":"10.37580/jsr.2019.2.9.97-118","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37580/jsr.2019.2.9.97-118","url":null,"abstract":"Sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.) is grown in both tropical as well as sub tropical regions and the diseases are one among the major constraints in crop production. The severity of the diseases are mainly influenced by the varieties, crop stage and major weather parameters such as temperature and precipitation. Apart from stalk pathogens such as red rot, wilt and smut, the foliar pathogens of sugarcane especially rust causes substantial yield losses due to disease epidemics in susceptible varieties. The disease has been reported in most of the sugarcane growing countries especially in tropical regions. The uredospores of rust are carried away in wind current and are capable of causing fresh infection in sugarcane plants across the fields. In India, the rust severity is restricted to peninsular regions in Tamil Nadu, Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, Gujarat and Maharashtra and sub tropical states are relatively free from rust diseases due to unfavourable climate for rust pathogens. Though the disease has been reported more than 100 years ago in India, information on sugarcane rust is scanty hence an attempt has been made to review sugarcane rusts and their epiphytotics in the past and their impact on country’s economy and importance of rust resistant varieties in containing the disease. Major emphasis was given on the pathogen biology, variability and development of new races in sugarcane growing regions, influence of weather factors in host pathogen interaction and breakdown of resistant varieties, trans-oceanic movement of uredospores, sources of rust resistance among world sugarcane germplasm and Bru genes and their contribution in brown rust resistance and management of sugarcane rusts using chemicals and host resistance.","PeriodicalId":52656,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sugarcane Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41514810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CANE ADVISER: A MOBILE BASED APP FOR TRANSFER OF TECHNOLOGY IN SUGARCANE","authors":"T. R. Shanthy, S. Alarmelu, C. Jayabose, P. Malathi, B. Ram","doi":"10.37580/jsr.2019.2.9.187-192","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37580/jsr.2019.2.9.187-192","url":null,"abstract":"The information and communication support for sugarcane crop has been mainly conventional with limited personalized extension services to reach all the cane growers spread across the country. The diversity of agro ecological situations, varied technologies recommended and needs of sugarcane farmers further mount to this challenge. Information and Communication Technology and in particular mobile technologies are seen as a game changer in agriculture. It is commanding therefore for the sugarcane technology dissemination system operating across the states, to shift from being predominantly traditional, to harness the potentialities of information technology bridging the barriers of time and space. Keeping this in view, the ICAR-Sugarcane Breeding Institute of the Indian Council of Agricultural Research, has developed an interactive android-based mobile app, Cane Adviser to serve to the needs of the stakeholders in sugarcane cultivation. The paper explains how Cane Adviser was developed methodically taking into account the information needs of the target audience, deciding the various modules to be embedded in the app and how it was evaluated before hosting in google play store. Explaining the various particulars of the mobile app, the paper details the role of Cane Adviser in disseminating sugarcane technologies and timely delivery of information tailor-made to the cane growers and cane development personnel so as to get enhanced cane productivity.","PeriodicalId":52656,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sugarcane Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47809284","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}