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Foundations and Trends in Human-Computer Interaction最新文献

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Digital Divide 数字鸿沟
Foundations and Trends in Human-Computer Interaction Pub Date : 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.4018/978-1-5225-7368-5.ch055
Patrick Flanagan
{"title":"Digital Divide","authors":"Patrick Flanagan","doi":"10.4018/978-1-5225-7368-5.ch055","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-7368-5.ch055","url":null,"abstract":"Since 1991, when the world wide web (WWW) was first made available to the public, it has revolutionized the way the global community engages each other economically, politically, and socially. Its impact has been historically unprecedented. While the availability of and access to the WWW appears to be ubiquitous, it is not. The expansion of this marvelous information communication technology (ICT) has not penetrated certain areas of the world resulting in a “digital divide.” This chapter discusses this digital divide. It first defines the term and then it moves to discuss the origins of the term. From there, the chapter moves to present concrete evidence of how the digital divide has negatively impacted the global community. Finally, it names and evaluates the efforts of different organizations and agencies to resolve the digital divide. It concludes with a prospectus on the future challenges of information communication technology vis-à-vis the digital divide.","PeriodicalId":52560,"journal":{"name":"Foundations and Trends in Human-Computer Interaction","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74438357","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
3D Scanning and Simulation of a Hybrid Refrigerator Using Photovoltaic Energy 基于光伏能源的混合制冷机三维扫描与仿真
Foundations and Trends in Human-Computer Interaction Pub Date : 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.4018/978-1-5225-2255-3.CH110
E. Morales, J. J. P. Bueno, J. Esparza, Diego Marroquín García, A. Pérez, R. Romero, Juan Manuel Olivares Ramírez, Maria Luisa Mendoza López, J. S. Ulloa, Y. M. Vong, Víctor Hugo Rodríguez Obregón
{"title":"3D Scanning and Simulation of a Hybrid Refrigerator Using Photovoltaic Energy","authors":"E. Morales, J. J. P. Bueno, J. Esparza, Diego Marroquín García, A. Pérez, R. Romero, Juan Manuel Olivares Ramírez, Maria Luisa Mendoza López, J. S. Ulloa, Y. M. Vong, Víctor Hugo Rodríguez Obregón","doi":"10.4018/978-1-5225-2255-3.CH110","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-2255-3.CH110","url":null,"abstract":"In this chapter, a methodology that starts from the measurement and recording of real prototype geometries up to simulations to evaluate parameters, improvements, or performance under various conditions is proposed. Here a case study of a solar powered refrigerator with storage capacity for 50 kg of fruit is presented. The refrigerator comprises two systems: vapor-compression and Peltier. The methodology consisted in acquiring by a 3D laser scanner or coordinate measuring machine (CMM) and in some small complex items using a 3D photogrammetry scanner. These data were transferred first as a CAD or SolidWorks® geometry and subsequently transferred to domains geometry useful for ANSYS or COMSOL simulation software. These models with high-resolution brings the simulations closer to real prototypes. As a source of direct information from the prototypes, thermal images obtained using a thermographic camera were taken. Also, wireless sensors were installed for temperature and humidity monitoring. The analyses of the energy efficiencies of both prototypes were performed.","PeriodicalId":52560,"journal":{"name":"Foundations and Trends in Human-Computer Interaction","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74713922","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
Indicators of Information and Communication Technology 信息和通信技术指标
Foundations and Trends in Human-Computer Interaction Pub Date : 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.4018/978-1-5225-7368-5.ch062
G. Abdrakhmanova, L. Gokhberg, A. Sokolov
{"title":"Indicators of Information and Communication Technology","authors":"G. Abdrakhmanova, L. Gokhberg, A. Sokolov","doi":"10.4018/978-1-5225-7368-5.ch062","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-7368-5.ch062","url":null,"abstract":"Information and communication technology (ICT) has become a major driver of changes in economic, social, public, and private life, leading to emergence of the information society and digital economy. Identification of key trends and analysis of transformation processes can only be made on the basis of reliable statistical data. Development of relevant international statistics plays a leading role here; hence, via establishing and updating relevant standards, it allows to measure development of the information society in a global scale, and benchmark positions of individual countries in the worldwide economic environment. ICT indicators are based on general (definitions and classifications, similar data collection methodologies) and specialized statistical standards, whereas harmonized methodology provides highly compatible indicators for different countries. The objective of this chapter is to present a systemic overview of internationally accepted definitions of main ICT indicators based on accumulated methodological standards and practical experience.","PeriodicalId":52560,"journal":{"name":"Foundations and Trends in Human-Computer Interaction","volume":"149 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74269609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Mediated Embodiment in New Communication Technologies 新通信技术中的中介体现
Foundations and Trends in Human-Computer Interaction Pub Date : 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.4018/978-1-5225-2255-3.CH367
Laura Aymerich-Franch
{"title":"Mediated Embodiment in New Communication Technologies","authors":"Laura Aymerich-Franch","doi":"10.4018/978-1-5225-2255-3.CH367","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-2255-3.CH367","url":null,"abstract":"Advanced communication technologies, such as virtual reality or certain types of robots, are able to induce the illusion of adopting a surrogate body as the own body. The sense of owning an artificial body, technologically mediated, in which one perceives to be located, is introduced as mediated embodiment. The concept has not been carefully conceptualized or clearly distinguished from other acceptations of embodiment, coming from a wide range of disciplines. A definition is provided which narrows the concept to accurately describe the experience of embodiment in new communication technologies. In addition, the text gathers the closest constructs related to embodiment in the communication literature, reviews the most important studies on mediated embodiment, provides potential approaches to its study, and outlines the direction that this field of study is taking.","PeriodicalId":52560,"journal":{"name":"Foundations and Trends in Human-Computer Interaction","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82040965","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 5
The Nature of Cyber Bullying Behaviours 网络欺凌行为的本质
Foundations and Trends in Human-Computer Interaction Pub Date : 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.4018/978-1-5225-2255-3.CH368
L. Betts
{"title":"The Nature of Cyber Bullying Behaviours","authors":"L. Betts","doi":"10.4018/978-1-5225-2255-3.CH368","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-2255-3.CH368","url":null,"abstract":"Digital technology has provided many benefits for young people. However, some of these benefits are offset against potential risk factors. For example, digital technology can be used as a mechanism to direct aggression towards another person, and this may take the form of cyber bullying. This chapter will review some of the current debates surrounding which behaviors constitute cyber bullying. The chapter will also discuss the various forms of cyber bullying and some of the motives for engaging in such behaviors. Finally, the chapter will provide some recommendations for researchers undertaking studies in the area of cyber bullying.","PeriodicalId":52560,"journal":{"name":"Foundations and Trends in Human-Computer Interaction","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89914235","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Exploring New Handwriting Parameters for Writer Identification 探索作家识别的新手写参数
Foundations and Trends in Human-Computer Interaction Pub Date : 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.4018/978-1-5225-2255-3.CH403
V. Aubin, J. H. Doorn
{"title":"Exploring New Handwriting Parameters for Writer Identification","authors":"V. Aubin, J. H. Doorn","doi":"10.4018/978-1-5225-2255-3.CH403","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-2255-3.CH403","url":null,"abstract":"The automatic processing of handwriting samples is part of the computational biometric. It applies qualitative and quantitative techniques by means of capturing, visualizing, and analyzing handwriting. The main applications are writer identification and text understanding. Two significantly different situations appear: online and offline data capturing. In the former, the samples are obtained in a dedicated framework, where the writing instrument and the surface have several sensors. In the latter, the unique information available comes from the residues left on paper. This chapter deals with the second situation. Width, grey value, direction, and other parameters of the residual manuscript text are influenced by the psychomotor characteristics of the writer. Some of these personal parameters may be estimated from the observable properties of the written text.","PeriodicalId":52560,"journal":{"name":"Foundations and Trends in Human-Computer Interaction","volume":"238 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77010135","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Adaptive Networks for On-Chip Communication 片上通信的自适应网络
Foundations and Trends in Human-Computer Interaction Pub Date : 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.4018/978-1-5225-2255-3.CH395
M. Véstias
{"title":"Adaptive Networks for On-Chip Communication","authors":"M. Véstias","doi":"10.4018/978-1-5225-2255-3.CH395","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-2255-3.CH395","url":null,"abstract":"The second generation of network-on-chips (NoC) are dynamic or adaptive providing a new set of benefits in terms of area overhead, performance, power consumption, fault tolerance, and quality of service compared to the previous generation where the architecture is decided at design time. To improve resource efficiency and performance, the NoC must consider adaptive processes at several architectural levels, including the routing protocols, the router, the network interface, and the network topology. This chapter focuses on adaptive networks-on-chip, namely adaptive topologies and adaptive routers.","PeriodicalId":52560,"journal":{"name":"Foundations and Trends in Human-Computer Interaction","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82116654","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Computational Intelligence Approaches to Computational Aesthetics 计算美学的计算智能方法
Foundations and Trends in Human-Computer Interaction Pub Date : 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.4018/978-1-5225-2255-3.CH014
E. Lakshika, M. Barlow
{"title":"Computational Intelligence Approaches to Computational Aesthetics","authors":"E. Lakshika, M. Barlow","doi":"10.4018/978-1-5225-2255-3.CH014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-2255-3.CH014","url":null,"abstract":"Computational aesthetics is an area of research that attempts to develop computational methods that can perform human-like aesthetic judgements. Aesthetic judgements are often subjective, and as such, the development of computational models of aesthetics is highly challenging. This chapter summarizes the advancements in the area of computational aesthetics and how computational intelligence techniques are applied in art and aesthetics ranging from simple classification problems to more advanced problems such as automatic generation of art artefacts, stories, and simulations. The chapter concludes by summarizing major challenges that need to be addressed, and future directions that need to be undertaken in order to make significant advancements in the area of computational aesthetics and its applications.","PeriodicalId":52560,"journal":{"name":"Foundations and Trends in Human-Computer Interaction","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77678556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
The Skills of European ICT Specialists 欧洲ICT专家的技能
Foundations and Trends in Human-Computer Interaction Pub Date : 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.4018/978-1-5225-2255-3.CH415
F. Sgobbi
{"title":"The Skills of European ICT Specialists","authors":"F. Sgobbi","doi":"10.4018/978-1-5225-2255-3.CH415","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-2255-3.CH415","url":null,"abstract":"After a brief survey of the international literature on skill-related issues that may either support or threaten the further development of ICT-based applications, this chapter provides a picture of the state-of-the-art of the professional skills supplied by ICT specialists in 11 EU countries based on data from the OECD Survey of Adult Skills. The first part of the empirical analysis focuses on the skills profile of ICT personnel from EU countries and examines to what extent the higher skills displayed by ICT specialists depend on a different distribution of demographic characteristics and job characteristics compared to the rest of the workforce. The second part of the empirical analysis focuses on the relationship between skills and wages and tests whether employers recognize an occupation-specific wage premium to ICT specialists. The results of the proposed empirical analyses confirm the existence of significant differences between skill profiles and earnings determinants of ICT specialists compared to other workers.","PeriodicalId":52560,"journal":{"name":"Foundations and Trends in Human-Computer Interaction","volume":"91 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86809632","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Trust and Decision Making in Turing's Imitation Game 图灵模仿博弈中的信任与决策
Foundations and Trends in Human-Computer Interaction Pub Date : 2017-07-01 DOI: 10.4018/978-1-5225-2255-3.CH023
Huma Shah, K. Warwick
{"title":"Trust and Decision Making in Turing's Imitation Game","authors":"Huma Shah, K. Warwick","doi":"10.4018/978-1-5225-2255-3.CH023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-2255-3.CH023","url":null,"abstract":"Trust is an expected certainty in order to transact confidently. However, how accurate is our decision-making in human-machine interaction? In this chapter, the present evidence from experimental conditions in which human interrogators used their judgement of what constitutes a satisfactory response trusting a hidden interlocutor was human when it was actually a machine. A simultaneous comparison Turing test is presented with conversation between a human judge and two hidden entities during Turing100 at Bletchley Park, UK. Results of post-test conversational analysis by the audience at Turing Education Day show more than 30% made the same identification errors as the Turing test judge. Trust is found to be misplaced in subjective certainty that could lead to susceptibility to deception in cyberspace.","PeriodicalId":52560,"journal":{"name":"Foundations and Trends in Human-Computer Interaction","volume":"53 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87146535","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
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