{"title":"Is economics a man’s business? Exploring the long-term effects of the gender gap in economic competencies at the upper secondary level on students’ choice to study economics at university","authors":"Michael Jüttler, Stephan Schumann","doi":"10.1177/2047173419885628","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/2047173419885628","url":null,"abstract":"In higher education, across countries, a large share of students choose to study economics. Although there is only a small difference in the share of female and male students in that field, there is robust empirical evidence of a gender gap in economic competencies, showing that male students in most cases outperform female students. There is a broad discussion about the differences in gender-specific socializations that cause this gender gap. However, no research exists on the long-term effects of this gender gap. This study uses longitudinal and representative data of N = 1397 Swiss students (824 female students) to analyse the gender-specific effects of economic competencies at the end of the upper secondary level on their aspiration and decision to study economics. The results show that economic knowledge and interest in economics have a substantially stronger effect on the choice of economics for female students. The aspiration to study strongly mediates these effects. We argue that these results can mainly be traced back to different interests and self-perceptions of skills and abilities in economics caused by gender-specific socialization. Possible implications of gender socialization and discrimination in economics for secondary and higher education and for the labour market are discussed.","PeriodicalId":52531,"journal":{"name":"Citizenship, Social and Economics Education","volume":"40 1 1","pages":"177 - 197"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83520930","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Fabricio Zanzzi, Lorena Bernabé, Jackson Fernandez, Claudia Marquez-Pinoargote
{"title":"The best universities of the world and ours: A comparison of the economics major curricula","authors":"Fabricio Zanzzi, Lorena Bernabé, Jackson Fernandez, Claudia Marquez-Pinoargote","doi":"10.1177/2047173419869202","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/2047173419869202","url":null,"abstract":"This research compared the economics curriculum of the economics undergraduate programs of the best universities in the world, and those of universities within a developing country (Ecuador), in order to show the basic formal differences and the common characteristics (intra-rankings and inter-rankings). The proposed comparison criteria were the academic load, the professional approach, and the common core courses. We found that, in the best universities in the world, the students must study between 30 and 40 courses. It is almost half than in Ecuador. In the group with the lower status the distribution of courses was more dispersed. Another difference was that low-level local universities teach courses of general application, and those of worldwide category are focused in teaching only specific economics courses.","PeriodicalId":52531,"journal":{"name":"Citizenship, Social and Economics Education","volume":"300 1","pages":"82 - 99"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89034245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aisa Amagir, W. Groot, Henriëtte Maassen van den Brink, A. Wilschut
{"title":"SaveWise: The design of a financial education program in the Netherlands","authors":"Aisa Amagir, W. Groot, Henriëtte Maassen van den Brink, A. Wilschut","doi":"10.1177/2047173419870053","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/2047173419870053","url":null,"abstract":"Using a framework for educational design research, this article reports and evaluates the (process of the) design of a financial education program. The program is designed for high school students in the prevocational track in the Netherlands. The aim of the program is to improve students’ financial knowledge, attitudes, self-efficacy, and (savings) behavior. The main outcome of this study is the identification of design principles that can be used by others for the design of financial education programs: setting a personal savings goal, commitment with and reflection on this goal, discussing money issues with peers and family, hands-on activities with autonomy, and explicit instruction through animated video clips. The results show that our program, called “SaveWise,” improves high school students’ financial knowledge and skills, financial awareness, attitudes towards money, self-efficacy, and financial behavior.","PeriodicalId":52531,"journal":{"name":"Citizenship, Social and Economics Education","volume":"1 1","pages":"100 - 120"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73053013","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kenneth De Beckker, Boukje Compen, Dirk De Bock, Wouter Schelfhout
{"title":"The capabilities of secondary school teachers to provide financial education","authors":"Kenneth De Beckker, Boukje Compen, Dirk De Bock, Wouter Schelfhout","doi":"10.1177/2047173419850152","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/2047173419850152","url":null,"abstract":"This study examines the capabilities of in-service secondary school teachers to provide financial education. Data were gathered from online surveys, which were spread among 300 teachers in the Flemish region of Belgium. We distinguish between perceived and actual capabilities. Our results reveal that only one third of teachers consider themselves sufficiently competent to provide financial education. Actual capabilities are assessed using a broad measure of financial literacy, which takes into account teachers’ financial knowledge, financial behaviour and financial attitudes. Our results indicate that only approximately half of teachers score sufficiently on financial knowledge and only a third attains the preferred minimum score for financial attitudes. In addition, our heterogeneity analysis shows differences in scores related to teacher characteristics such as gender, teaching discipline and teaching experience. The large share of teachers not reaching the threshold indicating adequate capabilities for providing financial education raises concern, as teacher quality is an important factor contributing to the effectiveness of financial education. Teacher professional development can play a crucial role here.","PeriodicalId":52531,"journal":{"name":"Citizenship, Social and Economics Education","volume":"15 1","pages":"66 - 81"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87042187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A comparative study of the Confucius Institute in the United Kingdom and the British Council in China","authors":"Liexu Cai","doi":"10.1177/2047173419845531","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/2047173419845531","url":null,"abstract":"Since the first Confucius Institute was set up by the Chinese government for the promotion of Chinese language and culture overseas in 2004, the development of Confucius Institutes has become exponentially increasing. Currently, there are 29 Confucius Institutes in the United Kingdom among over 500 Confucius Institutes abroad; meanwhile, the activities of the British Council in China also became popular as one of the central paradigms for educational communication between China and the United Kingdom. Although there have been several studies on Confucius Institutes and British Council, respectively, little research exists about them from the international comparative perspective, with regard to both of them being cultural institutes abroad and the establishment of Confucius Institutes benefitting from the United Kingdom’s experience in promoting its national languages and culture. This article aims to discover the general similarities and differences between Confucius Institutes and the British Council in three aspects: the organisation structures and culture diffusion models, the language teaching and learning resources and activities, and the cooperation that the two institutes have with the other organisations.","PeriodicalId":52531,"journal":{"name":"Citizenship, Social and Economics Education","volume":"88 1","pages":"44 - 63"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88104756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"An evaluation of the potential impact of standardised assessments on the promotion of pupil autonomy in Scottish education, from the perspective of Dearden’s view of autonomy","authors":"Jill Steel","doi":"10.1177/2047173419845057","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/2047173419845057","url":null,"abstract":"Scotland is experiencing a period of radical educational transformation in the effort to raise attainment. Dearden argued for the promotion of autonomy in 1975 at another time of sweeping educational change. The principle of autonomy is firmly entrenched in Scotland’s Curriculum for Excellence and seen as key to ensuring pupils develop a broad range of skills and capacities, and consequently fulfil their potential. However, while Scotland used to rank highly in international standings, it has plummeted to average in recent years, resulting in the introduction of the National Improvement Framework in attempts to address this worrying decline. Standardised assessments have been launched as part of the National Improvement Framework but have sparked a raft of criticism in the media and considerable debate in parliament. While the Scottish Government responded to concerns in a review document, this article assesses the issues from an entirely different standpoint. Utilising Dearden’s perspective on autonomy, this article examines how commensurate standardised assessments are with Scotland’s educational policy on autonomy. I contend there is little justification for the negative view of standardised assessments in principle, arguing that standardised assessments can promote autonomy rather than diminish it, on the proviso that conditions for applying standardised assessments are fully understood and resourced.","PeriodicalId":52531,"journal":{"name":"Citizenship, Social and Economics Education","volume":"136 1","pages":"33 - 43"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78183402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Economics and the civic mission of social studies education: Two critiques of neoclassicism","authors":"E. Adams","doi":"10.1177/2047173419841915","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/2047173419841915","url":null,"abstract":"This article examines the theoretical assumptions underlying K-12 economic curriculum and the consequences of this curriculum for citizenship education and democracy. Specifically, the article discusses scholarship related to the critique of neoclassic economic theory’s role in influencing the Voluntary National Content Standards in Economics and the trickle-down effects into state standards and textbooks. From the literature, the author uncovers two main critiques of neoclassicism: that neoclassic theory is unrealistic and impersonal. Neoclassic theory has enormous consequences for the civic mission of social studies. The author investigates the extent to which neoclassical theory makes for good citizenship and is desirable for a democratic society.","PeriodicalId":52531,"journal":{"name":"Citizenship, Social and Economics Education","volume":"66 1","pages":"16 - 32"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85799809","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Examining a measure of spiritual capital: Perceptions of business and education majors","authors":"Thomas A. Lucey","doi":"10.1177/2047173418823543","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/2047173418823543","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this article is to examine an instrument designed to measure an individual’s spiritual capital. Spiritual capital represents a relatively new concept that relates to one’s relationship to financial resources such that he or she exhibits dispositions and behaviors toward justice-oriented environments. This study served to interpret the factor structure of Rima’s measure, consider differences in spiritual capital levels based on student area of study, and explore the influences on measures of students’ spiritual capital. The importance of this study relates to its interpretation of a measure for spiritual capital and its providing of information about an effort to quantify a concept largely considered abstract and intangible.","PeriodicalId":52531,"journal":{"name":"Citizenship, Social and Economics Education","volume":"7 1","pages":"15 - 3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75388772","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Goals, commitment and peer effects as tools for improving the behavioural outcomes of financial education","authors":"Leonore Riitsalu","doi":"10.1177/2047173418812045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/2047173418812045","url":null,"abstract":"Financial education has been criticised for its limited effect on behaviour. To explore ways of improving behaviour in managing personal finances, interpretive methodology and an intervention were used in five financial education courses in Estonia. It was hypothesised that applying behavioural insights into the design of financial education helps the participants to improve their financial behaviours. The intervention employed goal setting, partitioning, commitment to achieving the goal, feedback, deadlines, peer pressure and advice. These five case studies reveal that promotional goals are more motivating than prevention oriented goals, peer effects can be utilised only in homogeneous groups and that partitioning needs to be incentivised. The results provide support for the hypothesis; furthermore, positive changes in behaviour were noted also 6 months after the end of the course. However, the intervention and its elements would benefit from further testing.","PeriodicalId":52531,"journal":{"name":"Citizenship, Social and Economics Education","volume":"108 1","pages":"188 - 209"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74658541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Service-learning as a tool for increasing political efficacy and civic engagement at a Hispanic-serving institution","authors":"Leda Barnett","doi":"10.1177/2047173418809707","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/2047173418809707","url":null,"abstract":"Ample research has noted a positive sense of political efficacy associated with increased civic engagement. In turn, the role of service-learning in boosting students’ civic engagement has been well documented. As civic engagement is a desirable goal for strengthening communities and empowering citizens, the role of service-learning in directly increasing political efficacy in students is worthy of observation. In the context of a student population that includes first-generation students at a Hispanic-serving Institution, where service is emphasized and institutionalized, this study examines preliminary data from student service-learning surveys. This study examines whether student participation in service-learning projects contributes to an increase in students’ sense of political efficacy and civic engagement. This first phase included service-learning projects on environmental justice and voting rights in three upper level political science courses. Preliminary findings indicate a modest increase in perceptions of political empowerment and civic engagement.","PeriodicalId":52531,"journal":{"name":"Citizenship, Social and Economics Education","volume":"2 1","pages":"151 - 167"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74252634","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}