Transactions on Transport Sciences最新文献

{"title":"Evaluation of Vehicle Speed with Impact of Vehicular Driver Behaviour at Horizontal Curves","authors":"Siva Matikana, B. Kadali","doi":"10.5507/tots.2022.007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5507/tots.2022.007","url":null,"abstract":"Vehicular driver behaviour is an important factor for vehicular speed and safety at horizontal curves, few studies have attempted to understand this aspect. In this regard, the objective of the present study is to evaluate the vehicular speed characteristics with the effect of driver behaviour at horizontal curves. The study uses real traffic environments where vehicle speed, driver behaviour (lane change or not) and number of vehicles in the opposite lane (approaching vehicles in the opposite lane) data were recorded by video graphic technique. A total of four horizontal curves with different radiuses on two-lane undivided two-way roadways have been studied. Further, the curve characteristics (radius, length of curve, etc.) data were collected from a preliminary survey. The data was analyzed with a multiple linear regression model by considering vehicle speed as the dependent variable and radius of curve, driver lane change behaviour, number of vehicles in the opposite lane, type of vehicle, and shoulder width as independent variables. The study discovered that driver lane change behavior, number of vehicles in the opposite lane, vehicle type in the opposite lane, and shoulder width all have significant effects on vehicle speed characteristics at horizontal curves, in addition to the radius of the curve. These findings are useful for the design of horizontal alignment and evaluating countermeasures for vehicular driver safety at horizontal curves.","PeriodicalId":52273,"journal":{"name":"Transactions on Transport Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89517918","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pedestrians' Crossing Behaviors and Crossing Preferences: A Field Study","authors":"Sena Çınar, Şerife Yilmaz, Bahar Öz","doi":"10.5507/tots.2022.006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5507/tots.2022.006","url":null,"abstract":"Pedestrians are one of the most vulnerable road user groups in traffic and face many risky situations in traffic, especially when pedestrians cross the street, where a pedestrians-vehicle interaction or conflict is most likely. Different from the previous studies on pedestrian behavior, the current study targeted exploring pedestrian behavior and safety at a specific street in Ankara-Tunalı Hilmi Street Turkey employing two different data collection methods. Specifically, the current study aimed to understand the behaviors, perceptions, and crossing preferences of pedestrians in the study area. In addition to the above, it aimed to identify situations that create safety concerns for pedestrians in the area and offer area-specific countermeasures addressing these concerns. For this purpose, an online survey study and an observational study were conducted. The results of the survey based on investigations of the crossing preferences of 96 pedestrians revealed an understanding of the participants’ motivation when crossing the street, their attitudes toward traffic rules, and their safety perceptions about the area. Additionally, it targeted to understand the situations that negatively affect road safety in the area for pedestrians. According to the survey respondents, the study area was unsafe for pedestrians and the biggest problem in terms of pedestrian safety is vehicle traffic and parking. The observation study presented significant differences in crosswalk use, compliance with the signal between pedestrians who cross alone or in a pair and those who cross in a group. People who cross the street as a group use crosswalk and comply with the traffic signal more than people crossing alone or in a pair. In addition, considering the illegal crossing rate, it can be said that jaywalkers – people who do not use crosswalk – are the majority in the study area. As a result, the current study helps to arrange crossing facilities according to pedestrian preference because the proper design of facilities contributes to pedestrian safety and encourages walking without sacrificing safety and comfort. Accordingly, reducing vehicle traffic, increasing and arranging parking areas, and increasing number of pedestrian facilities are suggested to increase pedestrian safety in the area.","PeriodicalId":52273,"journal":{"name":"Transactions on Transport Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79433169","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Environmental, financial, and accessibility analysis of low-density high-value goods shipment","authors":"Maryam khooshechin gilak, Alper Cebeci","doi":"10.5507/tots.2022.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5507/tots.2022.005","url":null,"abstract":"In recent decades finished and semi-finished commodities are the most common and fastest-growing cargo categories for transportation in Europe. These commodities usually have low density and are of high value. This paper aims to assess the CO 2 emissions, cost, and availability of road, rail, and railroad intermodal transportation used to deliver LDHV goods in a case study involving chemical goods transportation throughout the EU27 countries in 2020. The findings indicated that most chemical goods were transported via road, which emits more CO 2 than a railway. Furthermore, road transport cost is significantly higher than rail. In order to reduce CO 2 emissions and costs, four railroad intermodal scenarios were suggested. According to the analysis, these scenarios for delivering LDHV goods may be feasible to mitigate environmental concerns while also significantly lowering costs. Additionally, the availability and accessibility of intermodal terminals for shipping LDHV goods were analyzed to evaluate these scenarios.","PeriodicalId":52273,"journal":{"name":"Transactions on Transport Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87797307","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neural network model for recognition and classification of types of interactions in road traffic","authors":"S. Efremov, Tatiana Kochetova","doi":"10.5507/tots.2022.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5507/tots.2022.003","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents neural network for recognition of driving strategies based on interactions between drivers in road traffic. It analyzes the architecture of the model implemented as a self-organizing map (SOM), consisting of a group of neural networks based on radial basis functions (RBF). It is a training model grounded in the biological foundations of artificial neural networks, in which the training set should consist exclusively of input vectors; wherein the network training algorithm adjusts itself the network’s weights to obtain consistent output vectors (i.e. to make presenting sufficiently close input vectors result into the same outputs). The article presents the results of using a new generation of the neural network developed by us, which includes an adaptive learning algorithm to reduce the effect of re-training (overfitting) and false recognition, as well as to improve the determination of the boundaries between clusters. The aim of the research is to outline architecture and structure of the neural network model that allows recognizing strategical characteristics of driving and can identify strategies of interactions between vehicles (their drivers) in road traffic as well as identify behavioral patterns This paper considers driving strategies that characterize the interaction of dyads of vehicles (drivers) moving in road traffic. The research results show that the SOM RBF neural networks can recognize and classify types of interactions in road traffic based on modelling of the analysis of vehicle movement trajectories. Experimental results demonstrate the neural networks architecture and networks learning involving 400 iterations of streaming the training data representing 500 possible simulated interaction situations. This paper presents a novel neural network model for recognition of drivers’ behaviour patterns and for classification of driving strategies into five general classes: (1) competition strategy, (2) contest strategy, (3) evasion strategy, (4) compromise strategy, and (5) active confrontation strategy. This neural network has demonstrated a high rate of recognition and concise clusterization of similar driving strategies. The key contribution of this paper: it proposes a neural network model based on Kohonen’s Self-Organizing Map (SOM) for detecting drivers’ behaviours from vehicle movement patterns – driving strategies – instead of monitoring driver’s specific activities.","PeriodicalId":52273,"journal":{"name":"Transactions on Transport Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82646114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identifying Barriers to the Public Transport Accessibility for Disabled People in Dhaka: A Qualitative Analysis","authors":"Sahed Hossen Sajib","doi":"10.5507/tots.2022.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5507/tots.2022.004","url":null,"abstract":"This paper identified the barriers disabled experience in their daily lives using public transport as their travel means in Dhaka. A qualitative investigation of empirical data provides the framework for understanding passengers’ experiences with public transport to deal with barriers. In the city of Dhaka, a focus group discussion (FGD) was held with a group of 34 disabled persons. They shared their perceived barriers from their own experiences with public transport. The barriers I found were negative attitudes by drivers, misplacement of priority seats, unfriendly built environment, high cost of travel, imperfect design inside vehicles, prejudice and discriminatory attitude by other passengers, deficient levelling on transport infrastructure, long-distance between the transport stops/terminals and home, the profit-making tendency by transit boss, absence of audio support for the visually impaired, blockage in the footpath, fears of accidents and traffic injuries and wet or nasty weather. Then I suggested how we could solve their problems by increasing mobility, transport accessibility, social engagement, friendly attitude towards them, community or societal integration, and changing deep-rooted false cultural perception as well as prejudice. More research and studies are recommended to explore the accessibility challenges faced by people with disabilities in Dhaka using public transport.","PeriodicalId":52273,"journal":{"name":"Transactions on Transport Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89930929","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Three-Step Performance Assessment of a Pedestrian Crossing Time Prediction Model","authors":"C. Gruden, Irena Ištoka Otković, Matjaž Šramla","doi":"10.5507/tots.2022.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5507/tots.2022.001","url":null,"abstract":"Pedestrian behavior and safety are emerging issues in current transportation. One way to safely study pedestrian dynamics, especially at potential conflict points such as crosswalks, is through micro-simulation. This tool provides the opportunity to repeatedly study pedestrian behavior and safety under different scenarios of interest. However, to obtain reliable results, micro-simulation models need to be calibrated and their parameters fine-tuned. One way to methodically calibrate these models is to identify the outcomes of interest, develop a predictive model for those specific outcomes, and use it as a tool to fine-tune the input parameters of the micro-simulation model. To be reliable, the results of the predictive model should be comparable to those of the micro-simulation model, and these should be validated. The aim of this research is to present a predictive model of pedestrian behavior and to evaluate this model and a conventional micro-simulation model developed using Vissim/Viswalk, given that the chosen common output is pedestrian crossing time. To achieve this goal, a multi-step procedure is followed, which is part of a more general methodological framework for calibrating the Vissim/ Viswalk micro-simulation model. This evaluation consisted in a threestep validation procedure, i.e. visual, conceptual and operational validation. Operational (statistical) validation was performed by comparing the variances of the results to understand whether the predicted sample is representative of the simulated sample. A correlation of 97% have been found between the predicted and micro-simulated crossing time values, with mean values of 6.41s and 6.32s for the simulated and predicted crossing times, respectively. Furthermore, both the predicted and simulated crossing time values fall within the ranges found in the literature for field measurements of this variable, indicating good agreement with real observed pedestrian behavior.","PeriodicalId":52273,"journal":{"name":"Transactions on Transport Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85219059","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the safety level of a signalized roundabout with crossing BRT: an observational pilot, in Israel","authors":"V. Gitelman, Anna Korchatov","doi":"10.5507/tots.2021.023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5507/tots.2021.023","url":null,"abstract":": Bus rapid transit (BRT) systems promote public transport use in big cities, but their implementation requires substantial changes in urban infrastructure, with impacts on road user behaviours and safety. In Israel, recently, a BRT system called “Matronit” was introduced in the Haifa metropolitan area. The extension of the BRT network included a new setting - a signalized multi-lane roundabout with a bi-directional BRT running through its center and traffic lights for the circular traffic when crossing the BRT route. Such a setting was not familiar to Israeli drivers and thus the initial operation of the rounda-bout was accompanied by an observational pilot. The study focused on safety-related behaviours of road users, e.g. drivers’ compliance to the red-light; vehicle behaviours in the roundabout entrance areas; giving right-of-way to pedestrians. A before-after comparison was not possible, thus, the study aimed to characterize the safety level of the new setting by estimating the rates of risky behaviours observed and comparing them with indicators reported in the literature for similar traffic settings. The data were extracted from video-records of the traffic control center, in four areas of the roundabout, two near the traffic lights and at two entrance areas. The results showed that red-light violations were committed by 14% of the vehicles in one traffic-light area, with no cases in the other. On average, one-two red-light violations can be expected per hour, the frequency comparable with signalized inter-sections. Furthermore, 86% of the cases occurred during the first two seconds of the red-light, with no “near-collisions” between the vehicle and the BRT. In both entrance areas, when traffic was present inside the roundabout, 10%-20% of entering vehicles did not slow down, and this behaviour was more frequent under the red-lights. However, in most cases, the distance between the interacting vehicles was sufficient, while conflicts (with braking) were rare, in 1% of cases. Pedestrian appearance on the crosswalks was rare, but many of them (38%) were ignored by entering vehicles, while such behaviour is common for multi-lane roundabouts. In summary, the pilot demonstrated that the safety level of the roundabout was comparable to other settings, but risky driver behaviours were present both near the traffic lights and in the entrance areas. The findings seem to be site-specific and further research is needed to better fit infrastructure design solutions to various traffic volumes at roundabouts with crossing BRT.","PeriodicalId":52273,"journal":{"name":"Transactions on Transport Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90106029","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effectiveness of camera-based speed deterrence schemes and drivers' support for a hypothetical smartphone-App-based monitoring scheme","authors":"Mahdi Shehab","doi":"10.5507/tots.2021.021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5507/tots.2021.021","url":null,"abstract":"As the economic and health tolls resulting from traffic crashes continue to rise worldwide, the need to cut down on behaviours commonly recognized as contributing factors to crashes becomes vital. Speeding has been identified as a major contributing factor to the occurrence of crashes, with crash severity correlating strongly and positively with driving speed. This study represents an endeavour aiming to enhance traffic safety by addressing issues essential to improving the efforts usually undertaken to confront speeding drivers. The effectiveness of the current scheme of deterring speeding drivers in Kuwait relying mainly on automatic speed cameras was assessed through multiple linear regression analysis utilizing data elicited through self-report questionnaires. Moreover, drivers’ support for a hypothetical scheme exploiting smartphone-Apps to constantly monitor driving behaviours of repeated traffic violators was measured. Such smartphone-App-based scheme symbolizes one of many possible innovative solutions that might utilize advances in mobile technologies and driver analytics to improve road safety. The findings from this study showed the current scheme to be ineffective based on reported behaviours by surveyed drivers. The study also demonstrated that the majority of surveyed drivers expressed support for the hypothetical scheme employing smartphone-Apps to provide continuous vigilance of driving behaviours for hazardous drivers. Analysis conducted via a proportional odds model demonstrated that support for the hypothetical scheme was less prominent among habitual speeders and frequent violators of speed limits as well as among young and male drivers.","PeriodicalId":52273,"journal":{"name":"Transactions on Transport Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79640916","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Risk Factors Related to Road Traffic Accidents in Phuket Province, Southern Thailand: a Confirmatory Factor Analysis","authors":"Jinda Kongcharoen, Nutthajit Onmek, S. Karrila, Jariya Seksan","doi":"10.5507/tots.2021.020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5507/tots.2021.020","url":null,"abstract":"Phuket is an outstanding province in promoting its economy to domestic and international tourism in Thailand. An investigation of relevant factors for understanding the accident process is one approach to reduce traffic accidents and thereby support tourism industry. This study aimed 1) to examine the characteristics of traffic accidents, physical and surface conditions, and driving behavior in Phuket province; 2) to investigate for an in-depth understanding the factors related to road accidents, including human and vehicle factors, and environmental conditions; and 3) to construct and verify a model concordant with the empirical data. The research instruments were a structural questionnaire to drivers and a checklist assessment of the road surface conditions. A stratified random sampling technique was used for selecting the drivers. The data were statistically analyzed using exploratory factor analysis (EFA), confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), and second-order confirmatory factor analysis (SCFA). The majority of drivers were males (56.75%), aged between 21 and 40 years (57.00 %), married (62.25%), and working as company employees (73.25%). The study revealed that nearly half (47.15%) of the road traffic accidents in Phuket province involved motorcycles, surpassing other types of vehicles. Traffic accidents were more likely to occur during the daytime (38.11%), followed by night-time at 37.03%. Guided by the EFA and CFA, the three categories of factors, namely human, environmental and vehicle factors, were confirmed as appropriate in fitted models. The results of SCFA revealed that almost all traffic accidents were caused by human factors, followed by environmental, and vehicle factors, in this rank order. The fitted model was concordant with the empirical data (χ/df = 1.847, GFI = 0.972, AGFI = 0.951, CFI = 0.945, NFI = 0.890, and RMSEA = 0.046). Moreover, substandard road surfaces contributed to traffic accidents as an enabling factor. The responsible agency, therefore, should assist in improving the physical road conditions. Safety consciousness must be set as the default behavior for drivers to avoid accidents. Road accident reduction in Phuket province will increase the confidence among tourists for choosing Thailand as their tourist destination.","PeriodicalId":52273,"journal":{"name":"Transactions on Transport Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80714167","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"How Attractive are Public Transport Interchanges? A Cross Comparison of Two European Terminals.","authors":"G. Adamos, Eftihia G. Nathanail","doi":"10.5507/tots.2021.019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5507/tots.2021.019","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":52273,"journal":{"name":"Transactions on Transport Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72577356","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}