Neurobiology of Pain最新文献

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Estrogen exacerbates the nociceptive effects of peripheral serotonin on rat trigeminal sensory neurons 雌激素加剧了外周血清素对大鼠三叉神经感觉神经元的伤害作用
Neurobiology of Pain Pub Date : 2021-08-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ynpai.2021.100073
Sukhbir Kaur, Hanna McDonald, Sirima Tongkhuya, Cierra M.C. Lopez, Sushmitha Ananth, Taylor M. Hickman, Dayna L. Averitt
{"title":"Estrogen exacerbates the nociceptive effects of peripheral serotonin on rat trigeminal sensory neurons","authors":"Sukhbir Kaur,&nbsp;Hanna McDonald,&nbsp;Sirima Tongkhuya,&nbsp;Cierra M.C. Lopez,&nbsp;Sushmitha Ananth,&nbsp;Taylor M. Hickman,&nbsp;Dayna L. Averitt","doi":"10.1016/j.ynpai.2021.100073","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ynpai.2021.100073","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Orofacial pain disorders involving trigeminal sensory neurons disproportionately affect women and can be modulated by hormones, especially estrogen (E2). Proinflammatory mediators, like serotonin (5HT), can act on sensory neurons expressing the transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) ion channel, resulting in peripheral sensitization. We previously reported peripheral 5HT evokes greater pain behaviors in the hindpaw of female rats during proestrus and estrus, stages when E2 fluctuates. It is unknown if this interaction is comparable in the trigeminal system. We hypothesized that <em>E2 exacerbates 5HT-evoked nocifensive pain behaviors and pain signaling in female trigeminal sensory neurons.</em> We report 5HT-evoked nocifensive behaviors are significantly higher during estrus and proestrus, which is attenuated by blocking the 5HT<sub>2A</sub> receptor. The comparable dose of 5HT was not nociceptive in males unless capsaicin was also administered. When administered with capsaicin, a lower dose of 5HT evoked trigeminal pain behaviors in females during proestrus. Further, basal 5HT content in the vibrissal pad was higher in cycling females compared to males. <em>Ex vivo</em>, E2 enhanced 5HT-potentiated CGRP release from trigeminal neurons, which was not significantly reduced by blocking the 5HT<sub>2A</sub> receptor. Our data indicates that estrogen fluctuation influences the pronociceptive effects of 5HT on trigeminal sensory neurons.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":52177,"journal":{"name":"Neurobiology of Pain","volume":"10 ","pages":"Article 100073"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.ynpai.2021.100073","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39402747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Patterns of cognitive decline and somatosensory processing in a mouse model of amyloid accumulation 淀粉样蛋白积累的小鼠模型中认知衰退和体感处理的模式
Neurobiology of Pain Pub Date : 2021-08-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ynpai.2021.100076
Olivia Uddin, Keiko Arakawa, Charles Raver, Brendon Garagusi, Asaf Keller
{"title":"Patterns of cognitive decline and somatosensory processing in a mouse model of amyloid accumulation","authors":"Olivia Uddin,&nbsp;Keiko Arakawa,&nbsp;Charles Raver,&nbsp;Brendon Garagusi,&nbsp;Asaf Keller","doi":"10.1016/j.ynpai.2021.100076","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ynpai.2021.100076","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Pain and cognitive decline increase with age. In particular, there is a troubling relationship between dementia and pain, with some studies showing higher prevalence and inadequate treatment of pain in this population. Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is one of the most common causes of dementia in older adults. Amyloid plaques are a hallmark of AD. The downstream processes these plaques promote are believed to affect neuronal and glial health and activity. There is a need to better understand how the neuropathological changes of AD shape neural activity and pain sensitivity. Here, we use the 5XFAD mouse model, in which dense amyloid accumulations occur at early ages, and in which previous studies reported signs of cognitive decline. We hypothesized that 5XFAD mice develop sensory and pain processing dysfunctions. Although amyloid burden was high throughout the brain, including in regions involved with sensory processing, we identified no functionally significant differences in reflexive or spontaneous signs of pain. Furthermore, expected signs of cognitive decline were modest; a finding consistent with variable results in the literature. These data suggest that models recapitulating other pathological features of Alzheimer’s disease might be better suited to studying differences in pain perception in this disease.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":52177,"journal":{"name":"Neurobiology of Pain","volume":"10 ","pages":"Article 100076"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8599510/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39657239","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Sensory-specific peripheral nerve pathology in a rat model of Fabry disease 法布里病大鼠模型的感觉特异性周围神经病理
Neurobiology of Pain Pub Date : 2021-08-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ynpai.2021.100074
Tyler B. Waltz, Anthony J. Burand Jr., Katelyn E. Sadler, Cheryl L. Stucky
{"title":"Sensory-specific peripheral nerve pathology in a rat model of Fabry disease","authors":"Tyler B. Waltz,&nbsp;Anthony J. Burand Jr.,&nbsp;Katelyn E. Sadler,&nbsp;Cheryl L. Stucky","doi":"10.1016/j.ynpai.2021.100074","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ynpai.2021.100074","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Fabry disease (FD) causes life-long pain, the mechanisms of which are unclear. Patients with FD have chronic pain that mirrors symptoms of other painful peripheral neuropathies. However, it is unclear what underlying damage occurs in FD peripheral nerves that may contribute to chronic pain. Here, we characterized myelinated and unmyelinated fiber pathology in peripheral nerves of a rat model of FD. Decreased nerve fiber density and increased nerve fiber pathology were noted in unmyelinated and myelinated fibers from FD rats; both observations were dependent on sampled nerve fiber modality and anatomical location. FD myelinated axons exhibited lipid accumulations that were determined to be the FD-associated lipid globotriaosylceramide (Gb3), and to a lesser extent lysosomes. These findings suggest that axonal Gb3 accumulation may drive peripheral neuron dysfunction and subsequent pain in FD.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":52177,"journal":{"name":"Neurobiology of Pain","volume":"10 ","pages":"Article 100074"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.ynpai.2021.100074","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39432663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 4
Annexin A2 traps mu-opioid receptors in recycling endosomes upon remifentanil-induced internalization 在瑞芬太尼诱导的内化过程中,膜联蛋白A2在循环内体中捕获mu-阿片受体
Neurobiology of Pain Pub Date : 2021-08-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ynpai.2021.100071
Idy H.T. Ho , Lhotse H.L. Ng , Xiaojie Cheng , Tony Gin , Chee Sam Chan , Wuping Sun , Lizu Xiao , Lin Zhang , Matthew T.V. Chan , William K.K. Wu , Xiaodong Liu
{"title":"Annexin A2 traps mu-opioid receptors in recycling endosomes upon remifentanil-induced internalization","authors":"Idy H.T. Ho ,&nbsp;Lhotse H.L. Ng ,&nbsp;Xiaojie Cheng ,&nbsp;Tony Gin ,&nbsp;Chee Sam Chan ,&nbsp;Wuping Sun ,&nbsp;Lizu Xiao ,&nbsp;Lin Zhang ,&nbsp;Matthew T.V. Chan ,&nbsp;William K.K. Wu ,&nbsp;Xiaodong Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.ynpai.2021.100071","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ynpai.2021.100071","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":52177,"journal":{"name":"Neurobiology of Pain","volume":"10 ","pages":"Article 100071"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/ae/19/main.PMC8358694.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39330659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Animal models of visceral pain and the role of the microbiome 内脏疼痛的动物模型和微生物组的作用
Neurobiology of Pain Pub Date : 2021-08-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ynpai.2021.100064
Christine West , Karen-Anne McVey Neufeld
{"title":"Animal models of visceral pain and the role of the microbiome","authors":"Christine West ,&nbsp;Karen-Anne McVey Neufeld","doi":"10.1016/j.ynpai.2021.100064","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ynpai.2021.100064","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Visceral pain refers to pain arising from the internal organs and is distinctly different from the expression and mechanisms of somatic pain. Diseases and disorders with increased visceral pain are associated with significantly reduced quality of life and incur large financial costs due to medical visits and lost work productivity. In spite of the notable burden of illness associated with those disorders involving increased visceral pain, and some knowledge regarding etiology, few successful therapeutics have emerged, and thus increased attention to animal models of visceral hypersensitivity is warranted in order to elucidate new treatment opportunities.</p><p>Altered microbiota-gut-brain (MGB) axis communication is central to the comorbid gastrointestinal/psychiatric diseases of which increased visceral (intestinal) sensitivity is a hallmark. This has led to a particular focus on intestinal microbiome disruption and its potential role in the etiology of heightened visceral pain. Here we provide a review of studies examining models of heightened visceral pain due to altered bidirectional communication of the MGB axis, many of which are conducted on a background of stress exposure. We discuss work in which the intestinal microbiota has either been directly manipulated (as with germ-free, antibiotic, and fecal microbial transplantation studies) or indirectly affected through early life or adult stress, inflammation, and infection. Animal models of visceral pain alterations with accompanying changes to the intestinal microbiome have the highest face and construct validity to the human condition and are the focus of the current review.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":52177,"journal":{"name":"Neurobiology of Pain","volume":"10 ","pages":"Article 100064"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.ynpai.2021.100064","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39250116","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 8
Parabrachial complex processes dura inputs through a direct trigeminal ganglion-to-parabrachial connection 通过三叉神经节到臂旁的直接连接,硬脑膜输入
Neurobiology of Pain Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ynpai.2021.100060
Olivia Uddin , Michael Anderson , Jesse Smith , Radi Masri , Asaf Keller
{"title":"Parabrachial complex processes dura inputs through a direct trigeminal ganglion-to-parabrachial connection","authors":"Olivia Uddin ,&nbsp;Michael Anderson ,&nbsp;Jesse Smith ,&nbsp;Radi Masri ,&nbsp;Asaf Keller","doi":"10.1016/j.ynpai.2021.100060","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ynpai.2021.100060","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Migraines cause significant disability and contribute heavily to healthcare costs. Irritation of the meninges’ outermost layer (the dura mater), and trigeminal ganglion activation contribute to migraine initiation. Maladaptive changes in central pain-processing regions are also important in maintaining pain. The parabrachial complex (PB) is a central region that mediates chronic pain. PB receives diverse sensory information, including a direct input from the trigeminal ganglion. We hypothesized that PB processes inputs from the dura. Using <em>in vivo</em> electrophysiology recordings from single units in anesthetized rats we identified 58 neurons in lateral PB that respond reliably and with short latency to electrical dura stimulation. After injecting tracer into PB, anatomical examination reveals retrogradely labeled cell bodies in the trigeminal ganglion. Neuroanatomical tract-tracing revealed a population of neurons in the trigeminal ganglion that innervate the dura and project directly to PB. These findings indicate that PB is strategically placed to process dura inputs and suggest that it is directly involved in the pathogenesis of migraine headaches.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":52177,"journal":{"name":"Neurobiology of Pain","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100060"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.ynpai.2021.100060","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25330797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 5
The gut-brain axis and beyond: Microbiome control of spinal cord injury pain in humans and rodents 肠脑轴及其他:微生物组对人类和啮齿动物脊髓损伤疼痛的控制。
Neurobiology of Pain Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ynpai.2020.100059
Courtney A. Bannerman , Katya Douchant , Prameet M. Sheth , Nader Ghasemlou
{"title":"The gut-brain axis and beyond: Microbiome control of spinal cord injury pain in humans and rodents","authors":"Courtney A. Bannerman ,&nbsp;Katya Douchant ,&nbsp;Prameet M. Sheth ,&nbsp;Nader Ghasemlou","doi":"10.1016/j.ynpai.2020.100059","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ynpai.2020.100059","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a devastating injury to the central nervous system in which 60 to 80% of patients experience chronic pain. Unfortunately, this pain is notoriously difficult to treat, with few effective options currently available. Patients are also commonly faced with various compounding injuries and medical challenges, often requiring frequent hospitalization and antibiotic treatment. Change in the gut microbiome from the “normal” state to one of imbalance, referred to as gut dysbiosis, has been found in both patients and rodent models following SCI. Similarities exist in the bacterial changes observed after SCI and other diseases with chronic pain as an outcome. These changes cause a shift in the regulation of inflammation, causing immune cell activation and secretion of inflammatory mediators that likely contribute to the generation/maintenance of SCI pain. Therefore, correcting gut dysbiosis may be used as a tool towards providing patients with effective pain management and improved quality of life.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":52177,"journal":{"name":"Neurobiology of Pain","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100059"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.ynpai.2020.100059","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38804004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 13
Control of synaptic transmission and neuronal excitability in the parabrachial nucleus 臂旁核突触传递和神经元兴奋性的控制
Neurobiology of Pain Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ynpai.2020.100057
Nathan Cramer , Gleice Silva-Cardoso , Radi Masri , Asaf Keller
{"title":"Control of synaptic transmission and neuronal excitability in the parabrachial nucleus","authors":"Nathan Cramer ,&nbsp;Gleice Silva-Cardoso ,&nbsp;Radi Masri ,&nbsp;Asaf Keller","doi":"10.1016/j.ynpai.2020.100057","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ynpai.2020.100057","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The parabrachial nucleus (PB) is a hub for aversive behaviors, including those related to pain. We have shown that the expression of chronic pain is causally related to amplified activity of PB neurons, and to changes in synaptic inhibition of these neurons. These findings indicate that regulation of synaptic activity in PB may modulate pain perception and be involved in the pathophysiology of chronic pain. Here, we identify the roles in PB of signaling pathways that modulate synaptic functions. In pharmacologically isolated lateral PB neurons in acute mouse slices we find that baclofen, a GABA<sub>B</sub> receptor agonist, suppresses the frequency of miniature inhibitory and excitatory postsynaptic currents (mIPSCs and mEPSC). Activation of µ-opioid peptide receptors with DAMGO had similar suppressive effects on excitatory and inhibitory synapses, while the κ-opioid peptide receptor agonist U-69593 suppressed mIPSC release but had no consistent effects on mEPSCs. Activation of cannabinoid type 1 receptors with WIN 55,212-2 reduced the frequency of both inhibitory and excitatory synaptic events, while the CB1 receptor inverse agonist AM251 had opposite effects on mIPSC and mEPSC frequencies. AM251 increased the frequency of inhibitory events but led to a reduction in excitatory events through a GABA<sub>B</sub> mediated mechanism. Although none of the treatments produced a consistent effect on mIPSC or mEPSC amplitudes, baclofen and DAMGO both reliably activated a postsynaptic conductance. These results demonstrate that multiple signaling pathways can alter synaptic transmission and neuronal excitability in PB and provide a basis for investigating the contributions of these systems to the development and maintenance of chronic pain.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":52177,"journal":{"name":"Neurobiology of Pain","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100057"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.ynpai.2020.100057","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38751965","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 8
Mechanisms of microbial–neuronal interactions in pain and nociception 疼痛和伤害感受中微生物-神经元相互作用的机制
Neurobiology of Pain Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ynpai.2020.100056
Valentina N. Lagomarsino , Aleksandar D. Kostic , Isaac M. Chiu
{"title":"Mechanisms of microbial–neuronal interactions in pain and nociception","authors":"Valentina N. Lagomarsino ,&nbsp;Aleksandar D. Kostic ,&nbsp;Isaac M. Chiu","doi":"10.1016/j.ynpai.2020.100056","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ynpai.2020.100056","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Nociceptor sensory neurons innervate barrier tissues that are constantly exposed to microbial stimuli. During infection, pathogenic microorganisms can breach barrier surfaces and produce pain by directly activating nociceptors. Microorganisms that live in symbiotic relationships with their hosts, commensals and mutualists, have also been associated with pain, but the molecular mechanisms of how symbionts act on nociceptor neurons to modulate pain remain largely unknown. In this review, we will discuss the known molecular mechanisms of how microbes directly interact with sensory afferent neurons affecting nociception in the gut, skin and lungs. We will touch on how bacterial, viral and fungal pathogens signal to the host to inflict or suppress pain. We will also discuss recent studies examining how gut symbionts affect pain. Specifically, we will discuss how gut symbionts may interact with sensory afferent neurons either directly, through secretion of metabolites or neurotransmitters, or indirectly,through first signaling to epithelial cells or immune cells, to regulate visceral, neuropathic and inflammatory pain. While this area of research is still in its infancy, more mechanistic studies to examine microbial-sensory neuron crosstalk in nociception may allow us to develop new therapies for the treatment of acute and chronic pain.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":52177,"journal":{"name":"Neurobiology of Pain","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100056"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.ynpai.2020.100056","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38777583","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 25
High and Mighty? Cannabinoids and the microbiome in pain 高高在上?大麻素和疼痛中的微生物群
Neurobiology of Pain Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ynpai.2021.100061
Kieran Rea , Siobhain M. O' Mahony , John F. Cryan
{"title":"High and Mighty? Cannabinoids and the microbiome in pain","authors":"Kieran Rea ,&nbsp;Siobhain M. O' Mahony ,&nbsp;John F. Cryan","doi":"10.1016/j.ynpai.2021.100061","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ynpai.2021.100061","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Within the human gut, we each harbour a unique ecosystem represented by trillions of microbes that contribute to our health and wellbeing. These gut microbiota form part of a complex network termed the microbiota-gut-brain axis along with the enteric nervous system, sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions of the autonomic nervous system, and neuroendocrine and neuroimmune components of the central nervous system. Through endocrine, immune and neuropeptide/neurotransmitter systems, the microbiota can relay information about health status of the gut. This in turn can profoundly impact neuronal signalling not only in the periphery, but also in the brain itself and thus impact on emotional systems and behavioural responses. This may be true for pain, as the top-down facilitation or inhibition of pain processing occurs at a central level, while ascending afferent nociceptive information from the viscera and systemic areas travel through the periphery and spinal cord to the brain. The endogenous cannabinoid receptors are ubiquitously expressed throughout the gut, periphery and in brain regions associated with pain responding, and represent targets for endogenous and exogenous manipulation. In this review, we will focus on the potential role of the endogenous cannabinoids in modulating microbiota-driven changes in peripheral and central pain processing. We also focus on the overlap in mechanisms whereby commensal gut microbiota and endocannabinoid ligands can regulate inflammation and further aim to exploit our understanding of their role in microbiota-gut-brain axis communication in pain processing.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":52177,"journal":{"name":"Neurobiology of Pain","volume":"9 ","pages":"Article 100061"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.ynpai.2021.100061","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25440867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 5
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