ACS nano medicine最新文献

{"title":"Visualizing Metabolism: Lipid-Based Raman Nanoreporters as an Enabling Platform for Metabolic Imaging and Precision Medicine.","authors":"Anu Yadav, Sreejita Pal, Arghyadeep Mayur, Joysmita Dutta, Suresh K Verma, Manas Ranjan Gartia","doi":"10.1021/acsnanomed.6c00039","DOIUrl":"10.1021/acsnanomed.6c00039","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Lipid-based Raman reporters represent a promising but still developing class of metabolic sensors. This review reports lipid nanoparticles and lipid conjugated inorganic nanoparticles as Raman-active systems capable of decoding cellular metabolism with spatial and chemical specificity. It is demonstrated how bioorthogonal reporters operating in the Raman-silent window were incorporated across various modalities such as spontaneous Raman, coherent anti-Stokes Raman spectroscopy, stimulated Raman scattering, surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy, spatially offset Raman spectroscopy, and tip-enhanced Raman spectroscopy. Furthermore, strategies are presented for achieving multiplexed and barcoded Raman imaging using isotopic encoding and other molecular tags. The hybrid integration of Raman with other imaging modulation such as photoacoustic, magnetic resonance imaging, and positron emission tomography is evaluated to overcome inherent limitations in penetration depth and sensitivity. Additionally, the application of Raman reporters is characterized into <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i> studies, detailing both oncological and nononcological metabolic imaging. Finally, this review outlines pathways for technical standardization, discusses challenges in regulatory approval, and provides a forward-looking perspective on the clinical translation of Raman-based metabolic nanoprobes.</p>","PeriodicalId":521232,"journal":{"name":"ACS nano medicine","volume":"1 9","pages":"2182-2224"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13674335/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149218079","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Photosensitizers in Motion: Micro- and Nanomotor-Assisted Photodynamic Therapy.","authors":"Flávia Amanda Pedroso de Morais, Katherine Villa","doi":"10.1021/acsnanomed.6c00135","DOIUrl":"10.1021/acsnanomed.6c00135","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a clinically relevant and minimally invasive strategy for treating diseases associated with uncontrolled tissue growth, including nonmelanoma skin cancers and microbial infections. Its spatiotemporal selectivity minimizes damage to healthy tissues and limits the emergence of therapeutic resistance, while its versatility enables integration with complementary therapeutic approaches. One emerging direction is the combination of PDT with artificial self-propelled micro- and nanomotors (MNMs). Active MNM motion enhances photosensitizer (PS) transport and localization, while oxygen-generating or oxygen-supplying MNM platforms can partially mitigate hypoxia-related limitations of PDT. This Review provides a comprehensive overview of recent advances in MNM-assisted PDT, highlighting commonly used PS molecules and strategies for their integration into MNMs to couple photodynamic activity with autonomous propulsion. It examines representative <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i> studies, identifies critical performance parameters and current challenges, and explores future opportunities for the rational design of next-generation self-propelled phototherapeutic systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":521232,"journal":{"name":"ACS nano medicine","volume":"1 9","pages":"2275-2293"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13674329/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149218089","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CompELS vs SELEX: Comparative Aptamer Discovery Integrating Rational Libraries and Enzymatic Elution.","authors":"Steven Ochoa, Valeria Tohver Milam","doi":"10.1021/acsnanomed.6c00140","DOIUrl":"10.1021/acsnanomed.6c00140","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Aptamers are oligonucleotides that fold into structures with target-binding activity comparable to antibodies, yet their discovery remains laborious and inconsistent. Traditional Systematic Evolution of Ligands by Exponential Enrichment (SELEX) screening often relies on randomized sequence libraries, repeated amplification, and harsh elution methods, each of which introduces bias and limits reproducibility. An alternative aptamer screening platform called Competition-Enhanced Ligand Selection (CompELS) employs repeated introduction of unenriched sequence populations while avoiding iterative elution and amplification steps. To elucidate key parameters governing selection outcomes, the effects of screening strategy, screening library design, and elution of bound DNA methodology were evaluated. A parallel study of candidate aptamer selection platforms against fluorescent protein mCherry revealed that SELEX required two additional enrichment cycles to achieve comparable enrichment of the same top 3 sequences selected via CompELS. A GT rich, empirically biased library was the predominant source of binding sequences, out-competing a tetraloop-structured library and random library. Finally, an enzymatic elution strategy enabled gentle recovery of aptamer-target complexes from either screening strategy to effectively reduce nonspecific carryover and improve the fidelity of each platform. These results demonstrate a streamlined, versatile aptamer candidate selection methodology that promises an accelerated aptamer discovery approach for protein targets and reduces bias by integrating CompELS, rational library design, and enzymatic elution.</p>","PeriodicalId":521232,"journal":{"name":"ACS nano medicine","volume":"1 9","pages":"2442-2455"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13674330/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149218121","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Architecture-Dependent Stability, Cellular Uptake, and Redox Modulation of Poly(p-Coumaric Acid) Hybrid Nanoparticles for Ovarian Carcinoma Intervention.","authors":"Mahenour Megahed, Asma Harun, Kaylee Herrera, Md Hasnat Rashid, Robert Posey, Itzel De Leon, Joshua Tropp, Indrajit Srivastava","doi":"10.1021/acsnanomed.6c00100","DOIUrl":"10.1021/acsnanomed.6c00100","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The clinical efficacy of fluorescence-guided surgery is often compromised by the poor photostability and biologically inert nature of conventional contrast agents such as Indocyanine Green (ICG). While nanocarriers can enhance dye stability, they often function primarily as passive delivery vehicles, requiring additive complexity to achieve therapeutic effects. Here, we report a structure-guided approach to develop self-theranostic hybrid nanoparticles where the molecular weight distribution of the polymer core, poly-(p-coumaric acid) (PCA), serve as a critical design parameter governing nanoparticle assembly and downstream optical and biological performance. By systematically varying the reaction duration, we synthesized PCA variants with distinct polymer growth profiles that influence nanoparticle morphology, ICG encapsulation, and fluorescence stability. The optimized PCA1.5h formulation significantly improved the stability of encapsulated ICG, maintaining robust NIR-I fluorescence under storage and surgical illumination conditions. Beyond acting as a structural scaffold, the PCA matrix retained intrinsic redox-modulating activity and was associated with increased ROS-associated fluorescence and reduced viability in multiple ovarian cancer cell lines. The imaging performance of these nanoparticles was further evaluated using 3D bioprinted intraperitoneal tumor phantoms designed to simulate key optical and spatial features relevant to fluorescence-guided imaging. This work establishes reaction-time-dependent PCA growth profiles as an important formulation parameter for integrating imaging performance and intrinsic biological activity within a simplified hybrid nanomaterial platform.</p>","PeriodicalId":521232,"journal":{"name":"ACS nano medicine","volume":"1 8","pages":"2091-2106"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13564973/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148957818","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dual-Action Nucleic Acid Nanoparticles: Innate Immune Activation and Silver Nanocluster-Mediated Targeting of Intracellular Bacteria.","authors":"Leyla Danai, Christina J Bayard, Krishna Majithia, Thomas Perrell, Phong Nguyen, Michael G Walter, Alexander Lushnikov, Alexey V Krasnoslobodtsev, M Brittany Johnson, Yaroslava G Yingling, Kirill A Afonin","doi":"10.1021/acsnanomed.6c00069","DOIUrl":"10.1021/acsnanomed.6c00069","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Intracellular bacterial infections, such as those caused by <i>S. aureus</i>, are particularly challenging to treat because pathogens reside within host cells, evading immune defenses and limiting antibiotic efficacy, subsequently promoting drug resistance. To address this, we developed immunostimulatory nucleic acid nanoparticles (NANPs) functionalized with antibacterial silver nanoclusters to enable a dual mechanism of antibacterial action. These NANPs are engineered to activate RIG-I-mediated innate immune responses, which are often bypassed by intracellular bacteria to avoid host clearance. The embedded DNA-templated and -stabilized fluorescent silver nanoclusters, composed of approximately ten silver atoms, exhibit intrinsic antibacterial activity. We systematically evaluated different architectural configurations of silver nanoclusters within NANPs and assessed their relative stabilities, immunostimulatory potentials, and effects against planktonic bacteria and biofilms. We also confirmed that enhanced host immune activation and direct antibacterial activity result in a significant reduction of intracellular <i>S. aureus</i> in primary murine osteoblasts, highlighting the therapeutic potential of this platform.</p>","PeriodicalId":521232,"journal":{"name":"ACS nano medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13492571/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148805426","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Revisiting Colloid Theory for Biomedicine: Reconciling Simple Models in Complex Environments.","authors":"Jin Gyun Lee, C Wyatt Shields","doi":"10.1021/acsnanomed.6c00123","DOIUrl":"10.1021/acsnanomed.6c00123","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Colloidal science provides predictive frameworks for particle stability and interactions, yet applying these classical models to biological systems requires extending them to account for the complex and dynamic conditions present in physiological environments. Theories such as Derjaguin-Landau-Verwey-Overbeek (DLVO) were developed to describe interactions in carefully defined colloidal systems. When applied to biological environments, additional factors, including soft interfaces, evolving protein adsorption layers, and macromolecular crowding, must be incorporated to capture the full interaction landscape. Consequently, nanoparticles designed under traditional assumptions often behave unpredictably <i>in vivo</i>. This Perspective reframes colloidal science through a biological lens, emphasizing that particle behavior in physiological media is governed by protein corona formation and interactions with soft, charged, and crowded interfaces such as tumors and mucus. Integrating these disciplines requires integrating colloids and biomedical engineering, standardizing nanoparticle characterization techniques in biological media, and prioritizing interface-driven research to enable predictive, clinically relevant nanomaterial design.</p>","PeriodicalId":521232,"journal":{"name":"ACS nano medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13455036/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148709420","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nonenzymatic Detection of SARS-CoV‑2 RNA Using DNA Nanoswitches.","authors":"Javier Vilcapoma, Asmer Aliyeva, Andrew Hayden, Arun Richard Chandrasekaran, Lifeng Zhou, Jibin Abraham Punnoose, Darren Yang, Clinton H Hansen, Simon Chi-Chin Shiu, Alexis Russell, Kirsten St George, Wesley P Wong, Ken Halvorsen","doi":"10.1021/acsnanomed.6c00053","DOIUrl":"10.1021/acsnanomed.6c00053","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The emergence of a highly contagious coronavirus in 2019 led to an unprecedented need for large-scale diagnostic testing. The associated challenges, including reagent shortages, cost, deployment delays, and turnaround time, have all highlighted the need for an alternative suite of low-cost tests. Here, we demonstrate a test for SARS-CoV-2 RNA that provides direct detection of viral RNA and eliminates the need for costly enzymes. We employ DNA nanoswitches that respond to segments of the viral RNA by a change in shape that can be read by gel electrophoresis. A multitargeting approach samples 120 different viral regions to improve the limit of detection and provide robust detection of viral variants. We applied our approach to a cohort of clinical samples, positively identifying a subset of samples with high viral loads. Since our method directly detects multiple regions of viral RNA without amplification, it eliminates the risk of amplicon contamination and renders the method less susceptible to false positives. This tool can benefit diagnostic options for COVID-19 and future emerging outbreaks, providing a third option between amplification-based RNA detection and protein antigen detection. Ultimately, we believe that this tool can be adapted both for low-resource onsite testing as well as for monitoring viral loads in recovering patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":521232,"journal":{"name":"ACS nano medicine","volume":"1 8","pages":"1974-1986"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13564866/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148957833","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"<i>In Vivo</i> Multimodal Self-Immolative Prodrug Nanomicelle-Hydrogel Modulate Key Intratumoral and Metastatic Genomic Signaling Pathways in Pancreatic Cancer.","authors":"João M J M Ravasco, Jhenifer Oliveira, João Conniot, Bárbara B Mendes, Catarina Leal, Susete N Fernandes, Carlos A M Afonso, João Conde","doi":"10.1021/acsnanomed.5c00174","DOIUrl":"10.1021/acsnanomed.5c00174","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>To address the critical challenge of high-lethality pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma and poor response to conventional chemotherapies, this study introduces a self-immolative micelle encapsulating paclitaxel (PTX) or gemcitabine (GEM), two frontline chemotherapeutic agents. These chemotherapeutic agents present a 2.3-fold reduction for GEM and a 61.7-fold reduction for PTX in IC₅₀ values when conjugated to the micelle system, compared to their free drug counterparts. Through longitudinal bioluminescence imaging, we observed a significant reduction in peritoneal tumor implants versus metastatic tumor deposits growth and a decrease in metastatic spread in the GEM- and GEM+PTX-micelle (micelle@GEM and micelle@GEM+PTX)-treated groups compared with the free drug formulations. Gene expression analysis of treated tumors revealed interesting oncogenic pathways, including PI3K-Akt and MAPK signaling, suggesting a targeted action at the molecular level. Our results identified the dual roles of <i>PSMA1</i> and <i>UBE2C</i> as poor prognostic markers of pancreatic cancer progression and as candidate genes of interest, with key roles in the ubiquitination and proteasome degradation pathways in the pathophysiology of the disease. These data suggest that encapsulation of PTX and GEM in these micelles embedded within a hydrogel could alter the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of these agents, thereby modulating their interactions with cellular targets. Such targeted approaches could transform the treatment of pancreatic cancer by providing tailored therapies based on the unique genomic landscape of an individual's tumor, thus optimizing the clinical outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":521232,"journal":{"name":"ACS nano medicine","volume":"1 7","pages":"1640-1658"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13501496/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148815420","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intracellular Nanopharmacology of Trastuzumab Deruxtecan Reveals Lysosome-Centered Organelle Vulnerabilities in HER2-Positive Breast Cancer Cells.","authors":"Erica Tagliatti, Maria Cristina Gagliani, Grazia Bellese, Shahnaz Salamat, Martina Crippa, Manuela Sollazzo, Andrea Abbona, Matteo Paccagnella, Pietro Arnaldi, Lucilla Rossi, Andrea Petretto, Paola Rusmini, Valeria Crippa, Marco Carlo Merlano, Ornella Garrone, Anna Maria Porcelli, Michela Matteoli, Paola Falletta, Patrizio Castagnola, Katia Cortese","doi":"10.1021/acsnanomed.6c00097","DOIUrl":"10.1021/acsnanomed.6c00097","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Trastuzumab-deruxtecan (T-DXd) is a clinically effective antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) with activity across HER2-amplified, HER2-low, and ultralow breast cancers. Despite its clinical success, how its nanoscale intracellular trafficking and processing shape therapeutic outcomes remains incompletely defined. Given the central role of HER2 internalization and lysosomal processing in ADC pharmacology, we investigated the spatiotemporal intracellular response to T-DXd in human HER2-positive breast cancer cell models. By integrating biochemical analyses with light and electron microscopy-based nanoscale imaging, and employing orthogonal nanoscale probes, including BSA-gold nanoparticles and nanogold-based labeling, together with proteomic profiling, we reconstructed the temporal sequence of T-DXd action over 72 h. An early phase (2-24 h) was characterized by rapid HER2 phosphorylation, sustained ERK signaling, metabolic activation, and TFEB-driven lysosomal engagement, consistent with active drug processing. Nanoscale probing of the endocytic pathway using BSA-gold nanoparticles demonstrated a marked expansion of the lysosomal compartment, with increased lysosome number and size, supporting the concept that T-DXd actively remodels lysosomal architecture rather then passively exploiting it as a delivery site. A transitional phase at 48 h revealed pronounced lysosomal accumulation of T-DXd and extensive organelle remodeling. By 72 h, cells entered a late phase marked by mitochondrial dysfunction, nuclear envelope stress, and DNA damage, accompanied by the emergence of nanoscale contacts among lysosomes, mitochondria, and the nucleus, suggestive of coordinated organelle failure. Proteomic analysis indicated activation of inflammatory and stress-associated pathways, including TNFα/NF-κB signaling, supported by increased release of IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-α. Collectively, this spatiotemporal framework identifies compartment-specific nanoscale vulnerabilities engaged by T-DXd and highlights ERK-dependent signaling and lysosomal function as potential targets for rational combination strategies in HER2-positive breast cancer.</p>","PeriodicalId":521232,"journal":{"name":"ACS nano medicine","volume":"1 8","pages":"2071-2090"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13565705/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148957776","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Immunization with Virus-Like Particles Displaying Ara h 2‑Derived Peptides to Mitigate Peanut Allergy.","authors":"Johanna M Smeekens, Matthew C Jenkins, Kahlia Carl, Jessica R Humphrey, Andrew V Turner, James W Krempski, Soheila J Maleki, Ananda R Podilapu, Brian P Vickery, M G Finn, Michael D Kulis","doi":"10.1021/acsnanomed.6c00076","DOIUrl":"10.1021/acsnanomed.6c00076","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Peanut allergy is caused by aberrant IgE-driven immune responses to a well-defined set of peptide sequences within allergenic proteins. Oral and sublingual desensitization therapies are associated with the elicitation of IgG antibodies against allergenic proteins that interfere with IgE-induced effects. We tested whether inducing peptide-specific IgG responses by displaying key epitopes on immunogenic protein nanoparticle platforms protected against peanut allergy. A panel of 10 IgE epitopes from Ara h 2, the major degranulation-inducing peanut allergen, were displayed on two virus-like particles (VLPs): modified versions of both the bacteriophage PP7 coat protein and the iron-regulating encapsulin nanocompartment of the soil bacterium <i>Myxococcus xanthus</i>. Two peptide epitopes (Ah2-1, DPYSPS-QDPYSP-SPYDR-RGAGSSQ, and Ah2-6, HASAR-QQWEL-QGDRR-CQSQL-ERAN) were found to elicit strong and selective serum antibody responses against the full-length Ara h 2 protein. Immunization with a heterologous schedule (priming with PP7-displayed peptides, boosting with the corresponding encapsulin, and adjuvanting with the laboratory analogue of the clinical squalene-based adjuvant AS03) protected BALB/cJ mice against anaphylaxis in challenges with full-length Ara h 2 and whole peanut extract. These results suggest that focusing IgG-generating immune responses against specific peptide epitopes may be an effective prophylactic strategy against food allergies for which dominant epitopes are known.</p>","PeriodicalId":521232,"journal":{"name":"ACS nano medicine","volume":"1 8","pages":"1987-1996"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13564887/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148957752","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}