The European journal of contraception & reproductive health care : the official journal of the European Society of Contraception最新文献

{"title":"Fertile-window misclassification in period-tracking applications and associated pregnancy risk: a large observational analysis.","authors":"Erica Brondolin, Bruno Hadengue, Danielle Perro, Kristina Gemzell Danielsson, Ingrid Granne, Brian T Nguyen, Dustin J Costescu, Maria Celeste Osorio Wender, Elina Berglund Scherwitzl, Raoul Scherwitzl, Kerry Krauss, Eleonora Benhar","doi":"10.1080/13625187.2026.2669220","DOIUrl":"10.1080/13625187.2026.2669220","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Given the widespread contraceptive use of period-tracking applications, we aimed to quantify misclassification of biologically fertile days and associated pregnancy risk by calendar-based and BBT-supported period-tracking applications and compare it with an FDA-cleared and CE-marked digital contraceptive.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>We conducted an observational analysis of 543,167 cycles from users of a fertility application. Biologically fertile days were identified using urinary luteinizing hormone tests. Outcomes included day-specific frequency of fertile days misclassified as safe, cycle-level misclassification, and mean predicted pregnancy risk per cycle for each method. Analyses were repeated in a subgroup of irregular cycles.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Calendar-based tracking frequently misclassified fertile days as safe, with 67% of cycles containing ≥1 at-risk day and a predicted pregnancy risk of 22% (65% for irregular cycles). BBT-supported tracking reduced misclassification but remained associated with substantial risk (41% of cycles with ≥1 at-risk day; risk 9%). The digital contraceptive showed consistently low misclassification (3% of cycles with any at-risk day) and a predicted pregnancy risk of 0.5%.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Both calendar-based and BBT-supported period-tracking applications often misclassify fertile days and should not be considered reliable tools for pregnancy prevention. Regulated digital contraceptives demonstrate substantially lower pregnancy risk than period-tracking apps.</p>","PeriodicalId":520795,"journal":{"name":"The European journal of contraception & reproductive health care : the official journal of the European Society of Contraception","volume":" ","pages":"340-349"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147966930","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Opill^®: a nationwide secret shopper study.","authors":"Mikaela Koch, Hasmik Adetyan, Serena Gill, Prachi Roy, Gesenia Echeverria, Maral Demirjian, Lorna Kwan, Anissa Bailey, Aparna Sridhar","doi":"10.1080/13625187.2026.2700243","DOIUrl":"10.1080/13625187.2026.2700243","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>FDA approval of the over-the-counter Opill^® presents a significant opportunity to expand access to contraception in the United States. We aimed to assess the Opill's® availability, affordability, and accuracy of pharmacist provided information nationwide, hypothesising that pharmacies located in states with higher abortion restrictions and smaller populations would have less availability and more inaccurate counselling.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>Utilising secret shopper methodology, we called pharmacies representing 530 randomly selected cities based on a modified version of the Guttmacher abortion restriction metric which classified states into three categories. Pharmacies were equally distributed between cities with populations above and below 50,000. Pharmacists were asked about availability, cost, and differentiation from abortive medications. Data was analysed by restriction category and population size using Chi-square (or Fischer's exact) tests.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The cohort included 513 pharmacies, with the distribution proportionate to the number of states in each abortion restriction category and evenly distributed by population size. Overall, the Opill® was available in 65% of pharmacies and 47% reported a cost of under $20 per month. There were no significant differences in availability or cost by abortion restriction category, however, pharmacies in areas with <50,000 people were less likely to have the Opill® available (56% vs 73%) and reported higher costs than pharmacies with ≥50,000 population size (both <i>p</i> < 0.01).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study found that two thirds of pharmacies had the Opill® available but access was significantly reduced in less populated areas; however, this did not seem to be affected by state level abortion restrictions.</p>","PeriodicalId":520795,"journal":{"name":"The European journal of contraception & reproductive health care : the official journal of the European Society of Contraception","volume":" ","pages":"371-382"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148451228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Statement of Retraction: Endometrial histopathology, ovarian changes and bleeding patterns among users of long-acting progestin-only contraceptives in Egypt.","authors":"","doi":"10.1080/13625187.2025.2582434","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13625187.2025.2582434","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":520795,"journal":{"name":"The European journal of contraception & reproductive health care : the official journal of the European Society of Contraception","volume":" ","pages":"1"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149043355","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Patterns in contraception counseling among women with cardiovascular disease.","authors":"Lindsay G Panah, Elisabeth N Adkins, Madeline Rukavina, Quinn S Wells, Brandon D Lowery, Julie B Damp, Soha S Patel","doi":"10.1080/13625187.2026.2714441","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13625187.2026.2714441","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Contraceptive counseling is an important component of cardiovascular care for women of reproductive age with cardiovascular disease (CD).</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>We evaluated the prevalence of contraceptive counseling by cardiologists in women of reproductive age with CD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a cross-sectional survey of women aged 18-45 with CD, assessing obstetric history, contraceptive counseling, and contraceptive use. Participants were categorized by CD type (congenital vs. acquired), World Health Organization (WHO) CD risk (I-II vs. III-IV), and teratogenic cardiovascular medication use.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 176 respondents, women with acquired CD were less likely to recall contraceptive counseling than those with congenital CD(11% vs. 39%, <i>p</i> < 0.001). High-risk patients (WHO III-IV) more frequently recalled counseling than low-risk patients (36% vs. 9%, <i>p</i> < 0.001). Only 21% of women taking teratogenic medications recalled counseling, and 42% were not using contraception. Contraceptive use did not differ by CD type (49% vs. 55%, <i>p</i> = 0.69).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Contraceptive counseling remains underutilized, highlighting an opportunity to improve reproductive and cardiovascular care.</p>","PeriodicalId":520795,"journal":{"name":"The European journal of contraception & reproductive health care : the official journal of the European Society of Contraception","volume":" ","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149019068","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Expression of Concern: Knowledge, attitude and practice towards abortion and post abortion care among Egyptian private obstetricians and gynaecologists.","authors":"","doi":"10.1080/13625187.2026.2705706","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13625187.2026.2705706","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":520795,"journal":{"name":"The European journal of contraception & reproductive health care : the official journal of the European Society of Contraception","volume":" ","pages":"1"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148979211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Change in medical students' intent to use and recommend long-acting reversible contraception after the obstetrics and gynaecology clerkship: a prospective cohort study.","authors":"Bianca M Stifani, Maria Morgan, Benjamin Rabinowitz, Dominique Malacarne-Pape","doi":"10.1080/13625187.2026.2722691","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13625187.2026.2722691","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To determine whether medical students' intent to use long-acting reversible contraception (LARC) increased after exposure to the obstetrics and gynaecology (OB-GYN) clerkship.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This is a prospective cohort study conducted at a US medical school. We administered a survey to students before and after the OB-GYN clerkship, asking about intent to personally use an intrauterine device (IUD) or implant in the future or recommend to a sexual partner, a family member, friend, or patient. We also asked about familiarity with method benefits and side effects. To compare pre and post responses, we used McNemar's and the marginal homogeneity test. We used Stata SE Version 16.1 for all analyses (α = 0.05).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 254 medical students who completed the clerkship between August 2022 and November 2023, 237 (93.3%) completed the pre-clerkship survey; of these, 123 (51.9%) also completed the post-clerkship survey. Of those who could be matched, 58 students (47.2%) said they would very likely use a LARC themselves or recommend to a partner pre-clerkship; this number increased to 85 (69.1%) post-clerkship (<i>p</i> < 0.001). Students' likelihood of recommending LARC to family, friends, and patients all increased, as did their familiarity with method benefits and side effects. Students were most likely to recommend the hormonal IUD to patients (73.8%), compared to 43.1% for the implant and 31.7% for the copper IUD.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Medical students' stated intent to use LARC or recommend to a sexual partner increased after exposure to the OB-GYN clerkship. There appears to be a preference for the hormonal IUD over the copper IUD and implant.</p>","PeriodicalId":520795,"journal":{"name":"The European journal of contraception & reproductive health care : the official journal of the European Society of Contraception","volume":" ","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148883361","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pharmacokinetic bioequivalence between (etonogestrel/ethinylestradiol 11.7/2.7 mg) NuvaRing^® and Ornibel Premium^® (etonogestrel/ethinylestradiol 8.25/2.6 mg), a novel polymer composition contraceptive vaginal ring.","authors":"María Ángeles Pérez de la Cruz, Carlos Diez, Sandra Urek, Sonia Matilla, Pedro-Antonio Regidor","doi":"10.1080/13625187.2026.2716224","DOIUrl":"10.1080/13625187.2026.2716224","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This was a single-centre, randomised, single-ring insertion, 2-period, 2-sequence, crossover study designed to assess comparative bioavailability and thereby establish bioequivalence of two ethinylestradiol/etonogestrel vaginal rings (delivering 0.015/0.12 mg per day) after a single vaginal ring was inserted and worn for 28 days in healthy female subjects.</p><p><strong>Patients and materials: </strong>Forty subjects were randomised for this bioequivalence study. The test product contains etonogestrel/ethinylestradiol 8.25/2.6 mg, compared with etonogestrel/ethinylestradiol 11.00/3.474 mg in the existing Ornibel^® formulation, and was compared with NuvaRing (etonogestrel/ethinylestradiol 11.7/2.7 mg) as the reference product.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The criteria for bioequivalence between the test and reference products were met. The test-to-reference ratio of geometric LSmeans and corresponding 90% CI for Cmax after Day 1, C504, AUC0-504, C672 and AUC0-672 were all within the acceptance range of 80.00 to 125.00% for ethinylestradiol and etonogestrel. The percentage reduction in residual hormone content remaining in the device after 21 days use, in comparison with NuvaRing^®, is as follows: ETO residue after 21 days was reduced by 30%, and EE residue after 21 days was reduced by 4%.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The test formulation (ethinylestradiol/etonogestrel vaginal ring delivering 0.015/0.12 mg per day; manufactured by Laboratorios Leon Farma, S.A.) is bioequivalent to the reference formulation (NuvaRing^®; manufactured by N.V. Organon) following a single vaginal ring insertion worn for 28 days in healthy adult female subjects. Overall, the products tested were generally safe and well tolerated.</p>","PeriodicalId":520795,"journal":{"name":"The European journal of contraception & reproductive health care : the official journal of the European Society of Contraception","volume":" ","pages":"1-13"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148764413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From PCOS to PMOS: implications for contraceptive care and reproductive health.","authors":"Nefise Nazlı Yenigül, Berna Dilbaz","doi":"10.1080/13625187.2026.2712490","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13625187.2026.2712490","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":520795,"journal":{"name":"The European journal of contraception & reproductive health care : the official journal of the European Society of Contraception","volume":" ","pages":"1-3"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148766209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Contraceptive dissatisfaction among women in Sweden: a cross-sectional survey.","authors":"Moa Karberg, Tanja Tydén, Cerisa Obern, Inger Sundström Poromaa, Helena Kopp Kallner","doi":"10.1080/13625187.2026.2711277","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13625187.2026.2711277","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To assess contraceptive dissatisfaction and examine its correlation with contraceptive methods and demographic factors in a Swedish population. Intention to switch methods was also assessed as a secondary measure of dissatisfaction.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Women in Sweden aged 15-45 who attended midwifery and gynaecology clinics across 14 regions of Sweden answered an online questionnaire on contraception and reproductive health. Dissatisfaction and switching intention were assessed using Chi-square test, Fisher's exact test and univariate logistic regression.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 874 women included in the analysis, 12.9% were dissatisfied with their contraceptive method. Dissatisfaction was 7.9% for short-acting reversible contraception (SARC), 10.4% for intrauterine devices, 13.3% for barrier methods, 31.6% for implant and 29.7% for other methods. Highest levels of dissatisfaction were found for emergency contraception pill (46.2% dissatisfied) and implant (31.6%). Unadjusted odds ratio for dissatisfaction with implant was 5.78 (CI 3.18-10.49) compared to SARC as reference. No demographic factor was correlated with dissatisfaction. Three out of ten reported an intention to switch methods. For most contraceptives, switching intention rate aligned with dissatisfaction level.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Most women are satisfied with their contraceptive method, but dissatisfaction differs significantly between methods. Efforts should be made to strengthen individualised contraceptive counselling in order to further decrease dissatisfaction levels.</p>","PeriodicalId":520795,"journal":{"name":"The European journal of contraception & reproductive health care : the official journal of the European Society of Contraception","volume":" ","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148674963","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Two cases of pregnancy during the fourth year of 68 mg etonogestrel implant use.","authors":"Allysa Warling, Lauren S Page, Hallie Nelson, Aaron Lazorwitz","doi":"10.1080/13625187.2026.2711279","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13625187.2026.2711279","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The United States Food and Drug Administration recently expanded approval of the 68 mg radiopaque etonogestrel (ENG) contraceptive implant (Nexplanon, Organon, Oss, The Netherlands) from three years to five years, based on clinical trial data showing no pregnancies in years four or five of use. We present two cases of pregnancy in year four of implant use.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Two patients presented to our medical center's emergency department with ENG implants <i>in situ</i> and were found to have positive pregnancy tests. The first patient had her implant placed three years and one month prior to presentation, and had an intrauterine pregnancy. The second patient had her implant placed three years and five months prior to presentation, and had a tubal ectopic pregnancy.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The first patient underwent a medical termination of pregnancy and implant removal and replacement three days after initial presentation. Her original implant was removed intact. The second patient underwent a laparoscopic right salpingectomy and implant removal and replacement one day after initial presentation. Her original implant was removed intact.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These cases suggest that both intrauterine and ectopic pregnancies can occur in year four of ENG implant use. Further work should be conducted to determine risk factors for implant failure, especially in years four and five of use.</p>","PeriodicalId":520795,"journal":{"name":"The European journal of contraception & reproductive health care : the official journal of the European Society of Contraception","volume":" ","pages":"1-3"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148672048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}