The Cleft palate-craniofacial journal : official publication of the American Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Association最新文献

{"title":"Does the Type of MRI Sequence Influence Perceived Quality and Measurement Consistency in Investigations of the Anatomy of the Velopharynx?","authors":"Jamie L Perry,&nbsp;Abigail E Haenssler,&nbsp;Katelyn J Kotlarek,&nbsp;Joshua Y Chen,&nbsp;Xiangming Fang,&nbsp;Yifan Guo,&nbsp;Kazlin Mason,&nbsp;Michael Webb","doi":"10.1177/10556656211025191","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10556656211025191","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The purpose of this study was to evaluate perceived image quality, confidence in identifying key velopharyngeal landmarks, and reliability of making velopharyngeal measures between 3-dimensional (3-D) and 2-D magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) methods and between T1-, T2-, and proton density (PD)-weighted sequences.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Twelve healthy participants completed an MRI study. Three raters assessed overall image quality and their ability to identify key anatomic features within the images. A single rater evaluated the reliability of making measures between imaging methods and sequence types to determine if image type (2-D and 3-D) or image sequence (T1, T2, PD weighted) resulted in different values for key velopharyngeal landmarks.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>An analysis of variance test revealed image quality was rated significantly different based on the scan type (<i>P</i> < .001) and the sequence used (<i>P</i> = .015). Image quality was rated higher among 2-D MR images compared to 3-D, and higher among T2 sequences compared to T1- and PD-weighted imaging methods. In contrast, raters favored 3-D sequences over 2-D sequences for identifying velopharyngeal landmarks. Measures of reliability revealed scan type significantly impacted 2 of the 6 variables but to a minimal degree; however, sequence type had no impact on measures of reliability across all variables.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Results of the study suggest the scan type and sequence used are factors that likely do not impact the reliability of measures. Based on image quality, the recommended technique for velopharyngeal imaging would be using a 2-D T2-weighted technique. However, based on the ability to identify key landmarks, a 3-D T1- or PD-weighted technique was favored.</p>","PeriodicalId":520794,"journal":{"name":"The Cleft palate-craniofacial journal : official publication of the American Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Association","volume":" ","pages":"741-750"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/10556656211025191","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39093627","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nasalance Scores for Normal Speakers of American English Obtained by the Nasometer II Using the MacKay-Kummer SNAP-R Test.","authors":"Firas Alfwaress,&nbsp;Ann W Kummer,&nbsp;Barbara Weinrich","doi":"10.1177/10556656211025406","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10556656211025406","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To establish nasalance score norms for adolescent and young adult native speakers of American English and also determine age-group and gender differences using the Simplified Nasometric Assessment Procedures (SNAP) Test-R and Nasometer II.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Prospective study using a randomly selected sample of participants.</p><p><strong>Setting: </strong>Greater Cincinnati area and Miami University of Ohio.</p><p><strong>Participants: </strong>Participants had a history of normal speech and language development and no history of speech therapy. Participants in the adolescent group were recruited from schools in West Clermont and Hamilton County, whereas the young adults were recruited from Miami University of Ohio. The participants of both groups were residents of Cincinnati, Ohio or Oxford, Ohio and spoke midland American English dialect.</p><p><strong>Outcome measures: </strong>Mean nasalance scores for the SNAP Test-R.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Normative nasalance scores were obtained for the Syllable Repetition/Prolonged Sounds, Picture-Cued, and Paragraph subtests. Results showed statistically significant nasalance score differences between adolescents and young adults in the Syllable Repetition, Picture-Cued, and Paragraph subtests, and between males and females in the Syllable Repetition and the Sound-Prolonged subtests. A significant univariate effect was found for the syllables and sentences containing nasal consonants and high vowels compared to syllables and sentences containing oral consonants and low vowels. Across all the SNAP Test-R subtests, the females' nasalance scores were higher than the males. A significant univariate effect was also found across nasal syllables, and high vowels such that the females' nasalance scores were higher than the males. Tables of normative data are provided that may be useful for clinical purposes.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Norms obtained demonstrated nasalance score differences according to age and gender, particularly in the Syllable Repetition/Prolonged Sound subtest. These differences were discussed in light of potential reasons for their existence and implications for understanding velopharyngeal function. In addition, nasalance scores are affected by the vowel type and place of articulation of the consonant. These facts should be considered when nasometry is used clinically and for research purposes.</p>","PeriodicalId":520794,"journal":{"name":"The Cleft palate-craniofacial journal : official publication of the American Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Association","volume":" ","pages":"765-773"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/10556656211025406","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39115958","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Closer Look at Delayed Primary Cleft Surgery and Unrepaired Cleft Lip and/or Palate in 5 UK Cleft Centers.","authors":"Sophie Butterworth,&nbsp;Clare Rivers,&nbsp;Marnie Fullarton,&nbsp;Colm Murphy,&nbsp;Victoria Beale,&nbsp;Jason Neil-Dwyer,&nbsp;Simon Van Eeden,&nbsp;Stephanie Van Eeden,&nbsp;Peter D Hodgkinson,&nbsp;Alistair Smyth,&nbsp;David C Sainsbury","doi":"10.1177/10556656211021700","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10556656211021700","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>There may be many reasons for delays to primary cleft surgery. Our aim was to investigate the age of children undergoing primary cleft lip or primary cleft palate repair in 5 cleft centers within the United Kingdom. Identify the reasons for delayed primary cleft lip repair (beyond 6 months) and delayed primary palate repair (beyond 13 months). Identify children who had a cleft lip and/or palate (CL±P) that was intentionally unrepaired and the reasons for this.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective, multicenter review of patients born with a CL±P between December 1, 2012, and December 31, 2016. Three regional cleft centers, comprising of 5 cleft administrative units in the United Kingdom participated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In all, 1826 patients with CL±P were identified. Of them, 120 patients had delayed lip repair, outside the expected standard of 183 days. And, 178 patients in total had delayed palate repair, outside the expected standard of 396 days. Twenty (1%) patients had an unrepaired cleft palate.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This large retrospective review highlights variations between centers regarding the timing of lip and palate surgery and details the reasons stated for delayed primary surgery. A small number of patients with an unrepaired cleft palate were identified. All had complex medical problems or comorbidities listed as a reason for the decision not to operate and 50% had a syndromic diagnosis. The number of patients receiving delayed surgery due to comorbidities, being underweight or prematurity, highlights the importance of the cleft specialist nurse and pediatrician within the cleft multidisciplinary team.</p>","PeriodicalId":520794,"journal":{"name":"The Cleft palate-craniofacial journal : official publication of the American Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Association","volume":" ","pages":"724-731"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/10556656211021700","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39080779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Speech Outcome and Self-Reported Communicative Ability in Young Adults Born With Unilateral Cleft Lip and Palate: Comparing Long-Term Results After 2 Different Surgical Methods for Palatal Repair.","authors":"Petra Peterson,&nbsp;Jill Nyberg,&nbsp;Christina Persson,&nbsp;Hans Mark,&nbsp;Anette Lohmander","doi":"10.1177/10556656211025926","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10556656211025926","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To compare speech outcome and self-reported speech and communicative ability (SOK) in young adults treated with one-stage (OS) or two-stage (TS) palatal repair. Furthermore, to compare with normative data on individuals without cleft lip and palate and to study the relationship between patients' and experts' judgments.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>A cross-sectional group comparison study with long-term follow-up. Participants: Patients born with unilateral cleft lip and palate treated at 2 cleft centers; 17 with OS at 14 months and 25 with TS, soft palate repair at 7 months and hard palate repair at 6.2 years. Pharyngeal flap surgery was performed in 53% (OS) and 24% (TS) of patients.</p><p><strong>Main outcome measure(s): </strong>Speech characteristics were blindly assessed by speech and language pathologist from audio recordings, SOK at 19 years of age.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>No group differences were found. Although the occurrence of nasality symptoms was low in both groups, only 60% (OS)/65% (TS) were assessed with competent velopharyngeal function (VPC). Articulation proficiency (percentage of consonants correct [PCC]) was 91%/97%, the /s/-sound specifically 87%/91%. Good intelligibility was found in 91%/87%. Patient opinion was in agreement with norms and significantly associated with intelligibility (<i>r</i>s = 0.436, <i>P</i> < .01), PCC (<i>r</i>s = -0.534, <i>P</i> < .01), and correct /s/ (<i>r</i>s = -0.354, <i>P</i> < .05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>No differences in speech outcome were related to operation method. The low prevalence of VPC was not clearly reflected in nasality symptoms. Patient opinion was related to articulation and intelligibility. A higher burden of care in terms of pharyngeal flap surgery was seen after the OS technique.</p>","PeriodicalId":520794,"journal":{"name":"The Cleft palate-craniofacial journal : official publication of the American Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Association","volume":" ","pages":"751-764"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/10556656211025926","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39185901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Performance of Secondary Nasal Alar Base Revision for Unilateral Cleft Lip by Single YV-Plasty (the Importance of Overcorrection During Surgery).","authors":"Yoshitaka Matsuura,&nbsp;Hideaki Kishimoto","doi":"10.1177/10556656211010609","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10556656211010609","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Although primary surgery for cleft lip has improved over time, the degree of secondary cleft or nasal deformity reportedly varies from a minimum degree to a remarkable degree. Patients with cleft often worry about residual nose deformity, such as a displaced columella, a broad nasal floor, and a deviation of the alar base on the cleft side. Some of the factors that occur in association with secondary cleft or nasal deformity include a deviation of the anterior nasal spine, a deflected septum, a deficiency of the orbicularis muscle, and a lack of bone underlying the nose. Secondary cleft and nasal deformity can result from incomplete muscle repair at the primary cleft operation. Therefore, surgeons should manage patients individually and deal with various deformities by performing appropriate surgery on a case-by-case basis. In this report, we applied the simple method of single VY-plasty on the nasal floor to a patient with unilateral cleft to revise the alar base on the cleft side. We adopted this approach to achieve overcorrection on the cleft side during surgery, which helped maintain the appropriate position of the alar base and ultimately balanced the nose foramen at 13 months after the operation. It was also possible to complement the height of the nasal floor without a bone graft. We believe that this approach will prove useful for managing cases with a broad and low nasal floor, thereby enabling the reconstruction of a well-balanced nose.</p>","PeriodicalId":520794,"journal":{"name":"The Cleft palate-craniofacial journal : official publication of the American Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Association","volume":" ","pages":"543-547"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/10556656211010609","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38899469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of Reading Difficulties in 9- to 10-Year Old Children in Sweden Born With Cleft Palate.","authors":"Justin Parry Weinfeld,&nbsp;Jakob Åsberg Johnels,&nbsp;Christina Persson","doi":"10.1177/10556656211013236","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10556656211013236","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To investigate the prevalence of reading difficulties in children born with cleft palate at ages 9 and 10 in Sweden.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Using a cross-sectional design, a parental questionnaire assessing dyslexia-like reading difficulties (Short Dyslexia Scale, SDS) was administered together with separate questions regarding background data.</p><p><strong>Participants: </strong>Families with a child born with overt cleft palate with or without cleft lip in 4 regions of Sweden. A total of 245 families were approached of which 138 families responded. Data from 136 (56%) were complete with information on cleft type and could be analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Twenty-two percent (95% CI, 15-30) of the whole study group displayed risk for dyslexic reading difficulties on the SDS corresponding to the 7th to 10th percentiles in the population. Children with cleft palate only had a significantly higher prevalence of reading difficulties (37%) compared to children with unilateral cleft palate (19%) and bilateral cleft palate (10%). The frequency of reading difficulties in participants with comorbidity was 32%. Among a subgroup with reported comorbidity in areas of attention, language, and learning problems, there was a 2.5 times higher risk of reading disability compared to participants without this reported comorbidity.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The prevalence of reading difficulties in the cleft palate population was higher than in the general population. Results showed that co-occurring difficulties were common in the cleft group and that reading difficulties often appear together with other, co-occurring neurodevelopmental difficulties.</p>","PeriodicalId":520794,"journal":{"name":"The Cleft palate-craniofacial journal : official publication of the American Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Association","volume":" ","pages":"427-435"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/10556656211013236","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38874520","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mechanical Tension-Stress in Alveolar Cleft Repaired With Autogenous Bone in Canine Models.","authors":"Anqi Liu,&nbsp;Jialiang Huang","doi":"10.1177/10556656211018950","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10556656211018950","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Cleft lip and/or palate is a common birth defect worldwide, always accompanied by alveolar cleft. However, the success rate of secondary alveolar bone grafting is unsatisfactory. Rapid maxillary expansion (RME) often used after bone transplantation provides functional stimulation for bone graft area. This study aimed to investigate the effect of RME force on the bone graft area and midpalatal suture, and screen out the most suitable loaded force and loaded teeth, so as to provide a reference for clinical treatment.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Fourteen 24-week-old male beagles were assigned randomly to 3 groups: blank control, autogenous, and autogenous with RME. Three-dimensional finite element analysis was conducted to evaluate the distribution and value of the stress in the model. The maxillae were collected and subjected to radiography and helical computed tomography to evaluate new bone formation in the graft area. Van Gieson's Picrofuchsin staining was performed for histomorphological observation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>After 8 weeks of RME treatment, new bone formation of the dogs was markedly accelerated, and bone resorption was significantly reduced compared with the untreated dogs or those only treated with autogenous iliac bone. The treatment with RME evidently made the bone trabecula more abundant and the area of bone formation larger. Three-dimensional finite element analysis showed that the clinical effect can be achieved by using canine teeth as the loaded teeth and applying force of 10 MPa.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Rapid maxillary expansion after bone grafting had a positive effect on osteogenesis in a canine model of alveolar cleft.</p>","PeriodicalId":520794,"journal":{"name":"The Cleft palate-craniofacial journal : official publication of the American Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Association","volume":" ","pages":"442-452"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/10556656211018950","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39071014","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Online Attention to Cleft Lip and Palate Research: An Altmetric Analysis.","authors":"Serene Badran,&nbsp;Yazan Hassona","doi":"10.1177/10556656211014077","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10556656211014077","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To identify research articles related to cleft lip and/or cleft palate (CL/P) that generated the highest online attention.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Altmetric Explorer was used to identify the 100 articles with the highest Altmetric Attention Score (AAS). Descriptive and correlation statistics were performed to study the characteristics of these articles in relation to their publication data, research type and domain, number of Mendeley readers, and dimensions citations. Citation counts were extracted from Scopus and Google Scholar.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The median AAS for the top 100 outputs was 22 (range from 12 to 458). The outputs were mostly discussed on Twitter (median = 8; range = 0-131). Topics discussing treatment and care for patients with CL/P accounted for 38% of the articles with the highest AAS followed by etiology and risk factors (32%). The majority of articles originated from the USA (46%) followed by Europe (16%) and the United Kingdom (15%). No significant differences were observed in AAS among different study designs, topic domains, journals' ranking and impact factor, and the number of citations in Scopus and Google Scholar.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Researchers should consider use of social platforms to disseminate their work among scholars and nonscholars. Altmetrics can be combined with traditional metrics for a more comprehensive assessment of research impact.</p>","PeriodicalId":520794,"journal":{"name":"The Cleft palate-craniofacial journal : official publication of the American Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Association","volume":" ","pages":"522-529"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/10556656211014077","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38970042","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Relationship Between Maxillary Growth and Speech in Children With a Unilateral Cleft Lip and Palate at 5 Years of Age.","authors":"Matthew Fell,&nbsp;Jibby Medina,&nbsp;Kate Fitzsimons,&nbsp;Miriam Seifert,&nbsp;Anne Roberts,&nbsp;Craig Russell,&nbsp;Scott Deacon","doi":"10.1177/10556656211010620","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10556656211010620","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study sought to investigate the association between maxillary growth and speech outcomes for children with a repaired unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP) at 5 years of age.</p><p><strong>Participants: </strong>In all, 521 children (180 females and 341 males) with a nonsyndromic complete UCLP, born between 2007 and 2012 in England, Wales, and Northern Ireland were included in this study.</p><p><strong>Outcome measures: </strong>Maxillary growth was analyzed using dental models scored by the 5-Year-Olds' index, and perceptual speech analyses were scored by the Cleft Audit Protocol for Speech - Augmented rating.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Forty-one percent of the children achieved good maxillary growth (scores 1 and 2 on 5-Year-Old' index). Fifty percent of the children achieved normal speech (achieving UK speech standard 1). Maxillary growth was not found to have an impact on speech outcome when described by the 3 UK National Cleft Lip and Palate Speech Audit Outcome Standards. Analysis according to individual speech parameters showed dentalizations to be less prevalent in children with <i>good</i> maxillary growth compared to <i>fair</i> and <i>poor</i> growth (<i>P</i> = .001). The remaining speech parameters within resonance, nasal airflow, and articulation categories were not significantly associated with maxillary growth.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The findings from this study suggest that children with a history of complete UCLP, who have <i>poor</i> maxillary growth, are not at a higher risk of having major speech errors compared to children with <i>good</i> or <i>fair</i> maxillary growth at 5 years of age.</p>","PeriodicalId":520794,"journal":{"name":"The Cleft palate-craniofacial journal : official publication of the American Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Association","volume":" ","pages":"453-461"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/10556656211010620","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38899472","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Three-Dimensional Nasolabial Changes After Nasoalveolar Molding and Primary Lip/Nose Surgery in Infants With Bilateral Cleft Lip and Palate.","authors":"Laura Mancini,&nbsp;Shayna Avinoam,&nbsp;Barry H Grayson,&nbsp;Roberto L Flores,&nbsp;David A Staffenberg,&nbsp;Pradip R Shetye","doi":"10.1177/10556656211012858","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10556656211012858","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Utilize 3-dimensional (3D) photography to evaluate the nasolabial changes in infants with bilateral cleft lip and palate (BCLP) who underwent nasoalveolar molding (NAM) and primary reconstructive surgery.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>This is a retrospective serial longitudinal study of consecutively enrolled infants from September 2012 to July 2016 with BCLP who underwent NAM before primary lip and nose reconstructive surgery. It included infants who had digital 3dMD stereophotogrammetry records at initial presentation (T1), completion of NAM (T2), and 3 weeks following primary repair (T3). Twelve infants fulfilled the inclusion criteria. 3dMD Vultus software was used to orient images and plot 16 nasolabial points with <i>x</i>, <i>y</i>, <i>z</i> coordinates to obtain the linear and angular measurements. Nasal form changes were measured and analyzed between T1 (0.5 months old), T2 (5 months old), and T3 (6 months old). Intraclass correlation coefficient was performed for intrarater reliability. Averaged data from the 3D images was statistically analyzed from T1 to T2 and T2 to T3 with Wilcoxon tests. Unaffected infant norms from the Farkas publication were used as a control sample.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>After NAM therapy, statistically significant changes in the position of subnasale and labius superius improved nasolabial symmetry. Both retruded after NAM were displaced downward after NAM and surgical correction with respect to soft tissue nasion. The nasal tip's projection was maintained with NAM and surgical correction. The columella lengthened from 1.4 to 4.71 mm following NAM.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>There was a significant improvement in the nasolabial anatomy after NAM, and this was further enhanced after primary reconstructive surgery.</p>","PeriodicalId":520794,"journal":{"name":"The Cleft palate-craniofacial journal : official publication of the American Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Association","volume":" ","pages":"475-483"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1177/10556656211012858","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39016186","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}