Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999)最新文献

{"title":"Plasmatic Coagulation Capacity Correlates With Inflammation and Abacavir Use During Chronic HIV Infection.","authors":"Wouter A van der Heijden,&nbsp;Jun Wan,&nbsp;Lisa Van de Wijer,&nbsp;Martin Jaeger,&nbsp;Mihai G Netea,&nbsp;Andre J van der Ven,&nbsp;Philip G de Groot,&nbsp;Mark Roest,&nbsp;Quirijn de Mast","doi":"10.1097/QAI.0000000000002633","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/QAI.0000000000002633","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>D-dimer concentrations in people living with HIV (PLHIV) on combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) are increased and have been linked to mortality. D-dimer is a biomarker of in vivo coagulation. In contrast to reports on D-dimer, data on coagulation capacity in PLHIV are conflicting. In this study, we assessed the effect of cART and inflammation on coagulation capacity.</p><p><strong>Setting: </strong>We explored coagulation capacity using calibrated thrombin generation (TG) and linked this to persistent inflammation and cART in a cross-sectional study including PLHIV with viral suppression and uninfected controls.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We used multivariate analyses to identify independent factors influencing in vivo coagulation (D-dimer) and ex vivo coagulation capacity (TG).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 208 PLHIV, 94 (45%) were on an abacavir-containing regimen. D-dimer levels (219.1 vs 170.5 ng/mL, P = 0.001) and inflammatory makers (sCD14, sCD163, and high-sensitive C-reactive protein) were increased in PLHIV compared with those in controls (n = 56). PLHIV experienced lower TG (reflected by endogenous thrombin potential [ETP]) when compared with controls, after correction for age, sex, and antiretroviral therapy. Abacavir use was independently associated with increased ETP. Prothrombin concentrations were strongly associated with ETP and lower in PLHIV on a non-abacavir-containing regimen compared with those in controls, suggesting consumption as a possible mechanism for HIV-associated reduction in TG. D-dimer concentrations were associated with inflammation, but not TG.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Abacavir use was associated with increased TG and could serve as an additional factor in the reported increase in thrombotic events during abacavir use. Increased exposure to triggers that propagate coagulation, such as inflammation, likely underlie increased D-dimer concentrations found in most PLHIV.</p>","PeriodicalId":520658,"journal":{"name":"Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999)","volume":" ","pages":"711-719"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2021-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38857336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Changes in Homeostatic Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR) Index in Treated HIV-1 Infected People on Virological Suppression Who Switched to a Different Antiretroviral Regimen.","authors":"Camilla Muccini,&nbsp;Laura Galli,&nbsp;Andrea Poli,&nbsp;Matteo Chiurlo,&nbsp;Martina Ranzenigo,&nbsp;Hamid Hasson,&nbsp;Antonella Castagna","doi":"10.1097/QAI.0000000000002632","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/QAI.0000000000002632","url":null,"abstract":"Supplemental Digital Content is Available in the Text.","PeriodicalId":520658,"journal":{"name":"Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999)","volume":" ","pages":"e169-e173"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2021-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38777963","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"What's in a Name? A Mixed Method Study on How Young Women Who Sell Sex Characterize Male Partners and Their Use of Condoms.","authors":"Joanna Busza, Bernadette Hensen, Isolde Birdthistle, Sungai T Chabata, James R Hargreaves, Sian Floyd, Tarisai Chiyaka, Phillis Mushati, Frances M Cowan","doi":"10.1097/QAI.0000000000002623","DOIUrl":"10.1097/QAI.0000000000002623","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Young women who sell sex (YWSS) are at disproportionate risk of HIV. Reducing YWSS' vulnerability requires engaging their male sexual partners. To achieve this, we need to understand the characteristics and dynamics of their sexual partnerships to inform effective interventions.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a mixed-methods study to compare YWSS' qualitative descriptions of male partners with categories reported in a behavioral survey. Data were drawn from enrollment into an evaluation of the DREAMS initiative in Zimbabwe in 2017. As part of a respondent-driven sampling survey, we recruited 40 seed participants from 2 intervention and 4 comparison sites. We conducted semistructured interviews with 19 \"seeds,\" followed by a behavioral survey with 2387 YWSS. We interpreted quantitative and qualitative data together to understand how YWSS perceived male sexual partners, assess how well survey variables related to narrative descriptions, and describe patterns of risk behavior within partnerships.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Qualitative data suggest survey categories \"husband\" and \"client\" reflect YWSS' perceptions but \"regular partner/boyfriend\" and \"casual partner\" do not. In interviews, use of the term \"boyfriend\" was common, describing diverse relationships with mixed emotional and financial benefits. More than 85% of male partners provided money to YWSS, but women were less likely to report condomless sex with clients than regular partners (11% vs 37%) and more likely to report condomless sex with partners who ever forced them to have sex (37% vs 21%).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Reducing HIV risk among YWSS requires prevention messages and tools that recognize diverse and changing vulnerability within and between sexual relationships with different male partners.</p>","PeriodicalId":520658,"journal":{"name":"Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999)","volume":" ","pages":"652-662"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38868958","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"AIDS in the Heartland-Hemophilia Was the Harbinger of Things to Come.","authors":"Michael M Lederman","doi":"10.1097/QAI.0000000000002602","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/QAI.0000000000002602","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Abstract: </strong>The history of the AIDS epidemic in the United States has focused largely on the experience in coastal cities where the syndrome was first recognized among gay men. In Cleveland and in many other heartland cities, early recognition of this syndrome was primarily among men with hemophilia who were at risk because of exposure to HIV during treatment with lyophilized antihemophilic factor concentrates that were pooled from plasmas of thousands of donors. Disease and subclinical immune deficiency in these men and in other populations drove recognition that AIDS was due to a blood-borne and sexually transmissible agent. As the AIDS epidemic expanded, heartland cities mobilized their staff and resources to meet the needs of a growing epidemic that ultimately affected the entire nation.</p>","PeriodicalId":520658,"journal":{"name":"Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999)","volume":" ","pages":"517-522"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2021-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39089744","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of the Antiretroviral Regimen on the Early Changes in Plasma HIV RNA and Immune Activation at Initiation of Antiretroviral Therapy in Naïve HIV-1-Infected Patients.","authors":"Assia Samri,&nbsp;Mathieu Chalouni,&nbsp;Julià Blanco,&nbsp;Georg Behrens,&nbsp;Peter Kelleher,&nbsp;Marta Massanella,&nbsp;Fareed Ahmad,&nbsp;Bonaventura Clotet,&nbsp;Andreas Plettenberg,&nbsp;Christine Katlama,&nbsp;Laura Richert,&nbsp;François Raffi,&nbsp;Rodolphe Thiebaut,&nbsp;Brigitte Autran","doi":"10.1097/QAI.0000000000002594","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/QAI.0000000000002594","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":520658,"journal":{"name":"Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999)","volume":" ","pages":"e146-e149"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2021-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39089746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"NLRP3 and IL-1β Gene Expression Is Elevated in Monocytes From HIV-Treated Patients With Neurocognitive Disorders.","authors":"Elham Mazaheri-Tehrani,&nbsp;Minoo Mohraz,&nbsp;Milena Nasi,&nbsp;Johanna Chester,&nbsp;Anna De Gaetano,&nbsp;Domenico Lo Tartaro,&nbsp;SeyedAhmad SeyedAlinaghi,&nbsp;Mohammad Gholami,&nbsp;Sara De Biasi,&nbsp;Lara Gibellini,&nbsp;Anna Vittoria Mattioli,&nbsp;Marcello Pinti,&nbsp;Cristina Mussini,&nbsp;Andrea Cossarizza","doi":"10.1097/QAI.0000000000002588","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/QAI.0000000000002588","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Systemic immune activation and inflammation in chronic HIV infection are driving factors of non-AIDS-related events, including neurocognitive impairment. The role of inflammasome in monocytes from patients with HIV infection has been extensively studied, but its association with the extent of neurocognitive dysfunction has been poorly investigated.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We enrolled 79 HIV-positive patients; 44 with varying levels of HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder (HAND) and 35 without and 8 healthy donors. HAND subtypes included asymptomatic neurocognitive impairment (asymptomatic neurocognitive impairment; n = 19), mild neurocognitive disorder (MND; n = 17), and HIV-associated dementia (n = 8). We quantified plasmatic concentrations of proinflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6, IL-17A, IL-1β, and IFN-γ) for all HIV patients, and the mRNA expression of genes involved in the inflammasome activity (NLRP3, PYCARD, NAIP, AIM2, IL-1β, and IL-18) in monocytes of a subgroup of 28 HIV patients and 8 healthy donors.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>HIV patients' plasma concentrations of IFN-γ, IL-1β, and IL-17A were undetectable. Levels of TNF-α and IL-6 were similar among the HIV patient groups. A trend toward an increased expression of inflammasome genes according to neurocognitive disorder severity was observed. Of note, the NLRP3 mRNA relative expression was higher in MND compared with other groups, and IL-1β was lower in MND than HIV-associated dementia patients.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Changes in inflammasome components in circulating monocytes according to different HAND severity suggest that NLRP3 may be a possible biomarker or target to better understand and treat the link between systemic inflammation and neurocognitive impairment in HIV infection.</p>","PeriodicalId":520658,"journal":{"name":"Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999)","volume":" ","pages":"496-499"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2021-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38682921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Low Agreement Between Initial and Revised European Consensus on Definition and Diagnosis of Sarcopenia Applied to People Living With HIV.","authors":"Vitor H F Oliveira,&nbsp;Ana L Borsari,&nbsp;José David G Cárdenas,&nbsp;Claudio M Alves Junior,&nbsp;Noemy F Castro,&nbsp;Poliana C Marinello,&nbsp;Camila S Padilha,&nbsp;Allison R Webel,&nbsp;Kristine M Erlandson,&nbsp;Rafael Deminice","doi":"10.1097/QAI.0000000000002576","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/QAI.0000000000002576","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>In 2019, the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People (EWGSOP2) proposed low muscle strength as the primary outcome for sarcopenia diagnosis instead of low muscle mass, as proposed in 2010 (EWGSOP1). Therefore, the aim of this study was to compare the prevalence of sarcopenia using both EWGSOP1 and EWGSOP2 operational definitions in people living with HIV (PLHIV) and to determine the agreement and correlation between different tests proposed by EWGSOP2.</p><p><strong>Setting: </strong>Cross-sectional study, where 302 PLHIV (151 men), 51.7 ± 9.0 years old were evaluated for the presence of sarcopenia using both EWGSOP1 and EWGSOP2 operational definitions.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Appendicular skeletal muscle was estimated using bioimpedance analysis. Handgrip strength, chair stand, gait speed, and static balance were used as muscle function measures. Agreement was determined using Cohen kappa and Pearson correlation coefficient was calculated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Sarcopenia prevalence was 4.3% using EWGSOP1 and 1.0% using EWGSOP2. Agreement for sarcopenia diagnosis between EWGSOP1 and EWGSOP2 was fair (k = 0.37, P < 0.01). From the 13 cases of sarcopenia diagnosed using EWGSOP1, only 3 cases (23.1%) were also diagnosed using EWGSOP2. A medium correlation (r = -0.32, P < 0.01) and poor agreement (k = 0.14, P < 0.01) between muscle strength tests (handgrip strength and chair stand) were observed. Concordance between handgrip and chair stand was observed in 11 participants only, whereas 65 participants were considered to have low muscle strength using chair stand but not using handgrip.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Lower sarcopenia prevalence using EWGSOP2 and low agreement between EWGSOP1 and EWGSOP2 operational definitions in diagnosing sarcopenia were observed in PLHIV.</p>","PeriodicalId":520658,"journal":{"name":"Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999)","volume":" ","pages":"e106-e113"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2021-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38634396","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bacterial Vaginosis and Risk of HIV Infection in the Context of CD101 Gene Variation: Erratum.","authors":"","doi":"10.1097/QAI.0000000000002607","DOIUrl":"10.1097/QAI.0000000000002607","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":520658,"journal":{"name":"Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999)","volume":" ","pages":"387"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12345784/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25348397","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Does Anything Work? Improving HIV Care Engagement for Individuals Transitioning out of Correctional Settings.","authors":"Jacob A Pluznik,&nbsp;Ank E Nijhawan,&nbsp;Anne C Spaulding","doi":"10.1097/QAI.0000000000002599","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/QAI.0000000000002599","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":520658,"journal":{"name":"Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999)","volume":" ","pages":"286-287"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2021-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25348396","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sexual Behavior and Its Determinants During COVID-19 Restrictions Among Men Who Have Sex With Men in Amsterdam.","authors":"Ward P H van Bilsen,&nbsp;Hanne M L Zimmermann,&nbsp;Anders Boyd,&nbsp;Liza Coyer,&nbsp;Lia van der Hoek,&nbsp;Neeltje A Kootstra,&nbsp;Elske Hoornenborg,&nbsp;Maria Prins,&nbsp;Maarten F Schim van der Loeff,&nbsp;Udi Davidovich,&nbsp;Amy Matser","doi":"10.1097/QAI.0000000000002581","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/QAI.0000000000002581","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To investigate the impact of Dutch COVID-19 restrictions on sexual behavior and HIV/sexually transmitted infection (STI) acquisition among men who have sex with men (MSM) participating in the Amsterdam Cohort Studies (ACS) on HIV in Amsterdam.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>ACS participants complete a questionnaire on sexual behavior and are tested for HIV/STI biannually. They may also be tested at the STI clinic in-between study visits. On May 29, 2020, ACS participants were invited to complete an online questionnaire on health, COVID-19 risk perceptions, and sexual behavior. Determinants of reporting casual sex partners (CSP) during COVID-19 restrictions were examined using logistic regression.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 683 MSM, 353 (52%; median age, 47 years; interquartile range, 38-53 years) completed the questionnaire. Since COVID-19, 73% reported a reduction in the number of CSP. CSP during COVID-19 restrictions were reported by 133 MSM (38%) and, in multivariable analysis, was associated with not having a college/university degree, being single, lower perceived importance of avoiding COVID-19, number of CSP before COVID-19, and current preexposure prophylaxis use (P < 0.05 for all). During COVID-19 restrictions, no HIV infections were diagnosed, and the STI positivity rate was 8%.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Since COVID-19, the number of CSP decreased among MSM, and there may have been a temporary reduction in HIV/STI transmission. Some MSM were not fully compliant to social distancing regulations and reported CSP, which was related to prior sexual behavior and low perceived importance of avoiding COVID-19. For these men, it is important to maintain accessible HIV/STI-related testing and care during times of lockdown.</p>","PeriodicalId":520658,"journal":{"name":"Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999)","volume":" ","pages":"288-296"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2021-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7879601/pdf/qai-86-288.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38636849","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}