JNMA; journal of the Nepal Medical Association最新文献

{"title":"Health Journalism in Nepal: Evolution, Current Developments and Future Directions.","authors":"Shalik Ram Dhital, Madhu Koirala Dhital, Padam Raj Joshi, Atul Mishra, Bhakta Bahadur Kc","doi":"10.31729/jnma.8850","DOIUrl":"10.31729/jnma.8850","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Until the late of 20^th century, health journalism in Nepal was limited, with information primarily shared orally by traditional healers, Vaidya and physicians. However, the rise of online and digital media has transformed the field, making it multifaceted and enabling faster, broader dissemination of health information through the internet, social media, and multimedia platforms. Since 2006/07, health journalism has gained importance, with the Health Journalist Forum Nepal, established in 2001, playing a significant role. Today, health journalism in Nepal uses print, radio, television, and digital media, with collaboration and authenticity in health reporting. The objective of this viewpoint is to explore historical development, current status, and future directions of health journalism in Nepal.</p>","PeriodicalId":520657,"journal":{"name":"JNMA; journal of the Nepal Medical Association","volume":"62 280","pages":"866-870"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11930045/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144629352","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thyroid Disorders in Patients with Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome in a Tertiary Care Center: An Observational study.","authors":"Jyotshna Sharma, Bimita Mahat, Sanjeeb Tiwari, Niraj Kumar Singh, Ranjana Yadav, Durga Thapa","doi":"10.31729/jnma.8833","DOIUrl":"10.31729/jnma.8833","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Polycystic ovarian syndrome is the most common endocrine and metabolic disorder in women of childbearing age, affecting 3-15% of women worldwide, leading to reproductive, metabolic, and psychological issues. Patients with polycystic ovarian syndrome require rigorous thyroid function detection, monitoring, and correction over time. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the clinical presentations and thyroid dysfunction in patients with polycystic ovarian syndrome.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>An observational study was done in patients with polycystic ovarian disease presenting to a tertiary care centre over six months, from December 2023 to May 2024 Total population sampling was done. All the women during the study period diagnosed with polycystic ovarian disease based on Rotterdam criteria were included in the study after getting ethical approval from the institutional review board. (Reference number: 20102023/03).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean age of women in the study was 24.74±5.01 years. A total of 28 (31.46%) patients of polycystic ovarian disease had hyperthyriodism, hypothyroidism was found in 13 (14.60%) and subclinical hypothyroidism was found in 6 (6.74%) patients. All the women had menstrual irregularities. Regarding androgenic characteristics, 53 (59.55%) of patients presented with hirsutism, 43 (48.51%) presented with acne, 13 (14.61%) women had alopecia, and 4 (4.49%) women had acanthosis.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Hyperthyroidism, hypothyroidism and subclinical hypothyroidism were prevalent in polycystic ovarian disease patients, emphasizing the need for thorough thyroid evaluation in polycystic ovarian disease patients due to its impact on metabolic and reproductive health. High rates of menstrual irregularities, androgenic symptoms like hirsutism and acne, and fertility challenges were also prevalent, aligning with findings from similar studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":520657,"journal":{"name":"JNMA; journal of the Nepal Medical Association","volume":"62 280","pages":"819-822"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11930050/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144629361","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nasal Myiasis in a Female with Christ-Siemens-Touraine Syndrome: A Case Report.","authors":"Leison Maharjan, Anju Shah, Dhirendra Yadav, Namita Shrestha","doi":"10.31729/jnma.8848","DOIUrl":"10.31729/jnma.8848","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Ectodermal dysplasia is a rare disease that belongs to a diverse group of inherited monogenic disorders involving defects in one or more ectodermally or mesodermally derived tissues. Hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia, also known as Christ-Siemens-Touraine syndrome is a type of ectodermal dysplasia characterized by a triad of anhidrosis, dysodontia, and hypotrichiasis. The most prevalent method of transmission is X-linked recessive, manifesting fully in men and only partially in female carrier heterozygotes. Atrophic rhinitis and nasal myiasis are rare characteristics of this condition. We hereby report a case of a 52-year-old female with atrophic rhinitis and nasal myiasis who was managed conservatively.</p>","PeriodicalId":520657,"journal":{"name":"JNMA; journal of the Nepal Medical Association","volume":"62 280","pages":"837-840"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11930058/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144629353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Devastating Flood in Nepal Amid a Humanitarian Crisis: A Call for Action.","authors":"Bibek Giri, Minal Jehan, Mubashir Mohiuddin, Ahmad Noor, Ahmed Sheraz","doi":"10.31729/jnma.8846","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31729/jnma.8846","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Floods have been a major problem in Nepal for a long time. Many lives have been lost due to the flood and people are still suffering from its effect. People are homeless and facing basic problems like food, and shelter. There are rising cases of waterborne diseases due to contaminated water. Providing healthcare facilities in this situation is additional challenge to the government. This has been a challenging issue for the Nepal government, and that need to be stop. Therefore, in this paper, we discussed the various methods, and strategies to tackle this problem in the future.</p>","PeriodicalId":520657,"journal":{"name":"JNMA; journal of the Nepal Medical Association","volume":"62 280","pages":"858-861"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11930052/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144629349","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Evolving Role of Laboratory Doctors: A Shift towards Patient Consultation.","authors":"Vivek Pant","doi":"10.31729/jnma.8838","DOIUrl":"10.31729/jnma.8838","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In developing countries such as Nepal, the scarcity of doctors and their constrained consultation time often hinder comprehensive patient education regarding laboratory pre-test preparations and post-test results counselling. This study examines the potential of integrating laboratory doctors and direct patient consultations as alternatives to improve patient management. By piloting this practice at our institution, this viewpoint highlight that the laboratory doctors, with their specialized knowledge, can effectively communicate pre-test and post-test information, thereby enhancing patient understanding and compliance. This article also discusses the practical implications of this model and offer recommendations for policy adjustments to facilitate this integration.</p>","PeriodicalId":520657,"journal":{"name":"JNMA; journal of the Nepal Medical Association","volume":"62 280","pages":"854-857"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11930056/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144629360","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Duration of Anesthesia with Dexmedetomidine as Adjuvant to Ropivacaine in Supraclavicular Brachial Plexus Block: An Observational Study.","authors":"Samyukta Acharya, Chitra Thapa, Nisha Shrestha, Pawan Kumar Hamal","doi":"10.31726/jnma.8841","DOIUrl":"10.31726/jnma.8841","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Supraclavicular brachial plexus block is effective for upper limb surgeries, with ropivacaine offering prolonged action. Adding dexmedetomidine as an adjuvant may enhance block duration and quality. This study aimed to evaluate the mean duration of anesthesia with dexmedetomidine as an adjuvant to ropivacaine in supraclavicular brachial plexus blocks.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>An observational cross-section study was conducted among patients undergoing supraclavicular brachial plexus block for elective upper limb surgery in a tertiary care center. The block was performed using ultrasound-guided, single-injection technique with 0.25% ropivacaine and 0.5 ^g/kg dexmedetomidine. Sensory and motor block durations, along with analgesia, were assessed using standardized scales. A convenience sampling method was used. The point estimate was calculated at a 95% Confidence Interval. An ethical approval was taken from Institutional review Committee (Reference number: 026-077/078).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean duration of anesthesia was 592.42±137.73 minutes (548.62-636.21, 95% Confidence Interval). Sensory and motor block durations were 553.95±138.54 and 555.42±156.24 minutes, respectively, with median onset times of 15 (IQR: 5-22.5) and 24 (IQR: 17-30) minutes.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The mean duration of anesthesia with dexmedetomidine as an adjuvant to ropivacaine in supraclavicular brachial plexus blocks was similar to other studies showing prolonged duration and accelerated sensory and motor block.</p>","PeriodicalId":520657,"journal":{"name":"JNMA; journal of the Nepal Medical Association","volume":"62 280","pages":"823-827"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11930048/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144629350","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Maternal Age on Fetus and Perinatal Outcomes in a Tertiary Care Center: An Observational Study.","authors":"Sonam Chaudhary, Narayan Mahotra, Pooja Paudyal","doi":"10.31729/jnma.8834","DOIUrl":"10.31729/jnma.8834","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The early and late pregnancy both can be hazardous for mother and child. The study aims to explore the maternal age group among Nepalese women who delivered in Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital and its effects on perinatal outcomes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>An observational cross-section study was carried out from February to September, 2023 with the records of maternity cases at a tertiary care hospital after receiving ethical approval from the Institutional Review Committee [Reference number: 130(6-11) E2-2 079/080]. The records of maternity cases of four years duration from April, 2018 onwards were included. Data was entered in Microsoft Excel 2016 and descriptive analysis was done.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Out of 13062 maternity cases, the prevalence of pregnancy in normal reproductive age was 12035 (92.13%). A total of 882 (6.67%) maternity cases were in advanced age and 145 (1.11%) were in teen age. The alive newborns which were more in normal reproductive age was 12008 (99.77%) and stillbirth which was more in teen age pregnancy was 4 (2.75%). The low-birth-weight newborns distributed more in teen age pregnancy was 44 (30.34%) and high birth weight newborns distributed more in advanced age pregnancy was 18 (2.04%).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The abnormal birth weight and stillbirths were common in teen age and advanced age pregnancy.</p>","PeriodicalId":520657,"journal":{"name":"JNMA; journal of the Nepal Medical Association","volume":"62 280","pages":"814-818"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11930053/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144629351","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pediatric Usher Syndrome Type 2A with Coexisting Rheumatic Heart Disease and Upper Gastro-Intestinal Bleed: A Case Report.","authors":"Bishal Yadav, Tunam Khadka, Toyendra Jung Shah, Mandish Prasad Phuyal, Rajesh Lamichane, Bikash Chaurasiya","doi":"10.31729/jnma.8842","DOIUrl":"10.31729/jnma.8842","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Usher syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive disorder characterized by progressive sensorineural hearing loss and retinitis pigmentosa, typically present from birth and later symptoms, including loss of night vision and peripheral vision slowly progressing to blindness. The condition exhibits clinical and genetic diversity and currently lacks the definitive treatment. This report presents a case of a ten-year-old female diagnosed with Usher syndrome type IIA via whole exome sequencing. The delayed onset of visual symptoms often leads to a misdiagnosis to isolated deafness in early years. The early identification allows for better prognosis through surveillance and intervention in hearing and visual impairments. If usher patients can receive a timely diagnosis, genetic molecular therapies may help preserve the photoreceptors, subsequently development of blindness could be delayed or possibly be prevented.</p>","PeriodicalId":520657,"journal":{"name":"JNMA; journal of the Nepal Medical Association","volume":"62 280","pages":"847-849"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11930049/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144629356","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Perceived Effectiveness and Learning in Foundation Course of Medical Undergraduate Program at Patan Academy of Health Sciences: A Multi Method Study.","authors":"Tripti Shakya, Babu Raja Maharjan, Shital Bhandary, Balakrishnan M Acharya, Paban Sharma, Rajesh Nath Gongal","doi":"10.31729/jnma.8828","DOIUrl":"10.31729/jnma.8828","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Foundation course was introduced in medical undergraduate curriculum of Patan Academy of Health Sciences, to provide students with essential knowledge and skills for their pursuit of learning in their medical undergraduate program. This study aimed to measure perceived effectiveness of the foundation course of medical students.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A multi method study was conducted among students completing the foundation course at a medical college in Nepal. The perceived effectiveness of foundation course was evaluated by applying three levels of Kirkpatrick's model i.e. reaction (satisfaction), learning and behavior. Quantitative data is presented as frequency, percentage, mean±standard deviation. Qualitative data was analyzed by coding and categorized into different themes and subthemes. Ethical approval was taken from Instutional Review Committee (Reference number: bss 2207081655).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A majority of students perceived the foundation course as a memorable experience that helped them to familiarize to new college environment. Students felt that it oriented them to the newer teaching learning and assessment system of the medical college. Assessment scores showed that students had significant learning in foundation course which students perceived applicable in basic and clinical science years.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Foundation course learning has been very beneficial and applicable to the students in their medical studies. This course has helped students to get oriented to a new education system and learning environment.</p>","PeriodicalId":520657,"journal":{"name":"JNMA; journal of the Nepal Medical Association","volume":"62 280","pages":"796-802"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11930047/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144629357","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinico-demographic Profile of Patients Presenting with Road Traffic Accidents at National Trauma Center of Nepal: An Observational Study.","authors":"Badri Rijal, Bikash Kc, Amartya Dahal, Nabaraj Gautam, Min Chandra Adhikari","doi":"10.31729/jnma.8843","DOIUrl":"10.31729/jnma.8843","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Road traffic accidents are a major global health concern, accounting for 1.35 million fatalities and countless impairments every year. The number of road traffic accidents in Nepal is rising, which has a significant effect on the country's economy and healthcare system. Over a period of five years, the study aimed to analyze the clinico-demographic characteristics of patients admitted for injuries due to road traffic accidents in the National Trauma Center of Nepal.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This is an observational study conducted by reviewing a five-year admission data from 2018 to 2023 A.D. of a tertiary care trauma center. The study was conducted following approval from the Ethical Review Board of Nepal Health Research Council (Reference number: 969). All patients admitted to the trauma centre following injuries due to road traffic accidents were included in the study. The results were summarised using descriptive statistics.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Out of 20,843 admissions, 3,810 (18.28%) were due to RTAs. The male-to-female ratio was 4.44:1, with a median age of 31.00 (24.00 to 43.00) years. Age distribution was as follows: <18 years (6.75%), 18-39 years (62.13%), 40-59 years (23.62%), and ≥60 years (7.50%). The median hospital stay was 8.00 (3 to 16) days. The most common injuries were lower limb 2386 (62.62%), upper limb 958 (25.14%), and head injuries 890 (23.36%). The mortality rate was 72 (1.89%).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Injuries due to road traffic accidents constitute a significant portion of admissions at the National Trauma Center in Nepal, predominantly affecting young males. Lower limb injuries were most common.</p>","PeriodicalId":520657,"journal":{"name":"JNMA; journal of the Nepal Medical Association","volume":"62 280","pages":"828-831"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11930054/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144629348","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}