Head and neck pathology最新文献

{"title":"Sinonasal NUT Carcinoma: Delayed Diagnosis Due to the COVID-19 Pandemic and a Review of the Literature.","authors":"Francesco Maria Crocetta,&nbsp;Cecilia Botti,&nbsp;Martina Fornaciari,&nbsp;Andrea Castellucci,&nbsp;Domenico Murri,&nbsp;Giacomo Santandrea,&nbsp;Simonetta Piana,&nbsp;Angelo Ghidini","doi":"10.1007/s12105-021-01311-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12105-021-01311-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>NUT carcinoma (NUT-C) is a relatively new malignancy that was recently listed in the 4th edition of the WHO Classification of Head and Neck Tumors in 2017. NUT carcinoma is a rare, aggressive, poorly differentiated carcinoma genetically defined by chromosomal rearrangement of the nuclear protein in testis (NUTM1) gene. The prognosis is extremely poor, with a mean survival < 1 year. Recent publications suggest a multimodality treatment approach. In the existing literature, only a few reports of sinonasal NUT-C have been reported. Sinonasal NUT-C is considered a very rare entity, but because of its recent inclusion as a head and neck malignancy, its true prevalence is unknown. We report the case of a 56-year-old woman with NUT-C of the sinonasal cavities. In the case reported, the coexistence of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)-related nasal congestion delayed the diagnosis of NUT-C. Clinical presentation, diagnosis and treatment modalities are discussed together with a review of the literature.</p>","PeriodicalId":520636,"journal":{"name":"Head and neck pathology","volume":" ","pages":"1409-1414"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s12105-021-01311-x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25450010","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Carcinoma Cuniculatum of the Larynx.","authors":"Dario Marcotullio,&nbsp;Federica Zoccali,&nbsp;Antonio Gilardi,&nbsp;Daniela Messineo,&nbsp;Mara Riminucci,&nbsp;Giacomo D'Angeli,&nbsp;Antonio Greco,&nbsp;Marco de Vincentiis,&nbsp;Massimo Ralli,&nbsp;Alessandro Corsi","doi":"10.1007/s12105-020-01264-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12105-020-01264-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Carcinoma cuniculatum (CC) is a rare clinicopathologic variant of squamous cell carcinoma. Histologically, it is characterized by invasive growth of bland, acanthotic, and keratinizing squamous epithelium that forms multiple rabbit burrow-like, keratin-filled crypts and sinuses. We present a 51-year-old male smoker with CC of the left vocal cord. The tumor was staged T1a and the patient was disease-free 12 months after surgery. To our knowledge, this is the fourth case of CC of the larynx reported in the English literature and the first, due to its early diagnosis, where radical surgery was not performed. We highlight the necessity for awareness of this entity and coordination between otolaryngologists, radiologists, and pathologists for early diagnosis and organ-sparing surgical treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":520636,"journal":{"name":"Head and neck pathology","volume":" ","pages":"1308-1312"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s12105-020-01264-7","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38779068","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Not All Küttner Tumors Are IgG4-Related Disease (IgG4-RD).","authors":"Kathryn S Marcus,&nbsp;Henry T Hoffman,&nbsp;Anand Rajan Kd","doi":"10.1007/s12105-020-01268-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12105-020-01268-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Küttner tumor is an uncommon cause of salivary gland enlargement that most frequently affects the submandibular gland. More recently it has been considered a manifestation of IgG4-related disease (IgG4-RD) and synonymous with chronic sclerosing sialadenitis (CSS). We present a series of cases to emphasize this clinical entity as a disease pattern and presentation that is separate from IgG4-RD. Retrospective case series of 3 patients with unilateral salivary gland enlargement, or \"Küttner tumor,\" histologically classified as \"chronic sclerosing sialadenitis,\" The clinical history, radiology reports, laboratory studies, and pathology slides were reviewed for each case. Radiology showed discrete unilateral mass-like lesions in all three cases. Immunohistochemistry showed reduced tissue IgG4-positive plasma cells in two cases and increased numbers in one case, but insufficient to diagnose IgG4-RD. Storiform fibrosis was not seen in all cases and did not coincide with increased IgG4-positive plasma cells. A systemic workup, including serum IgG4 levels in two cases, was normal. A brief review of the literature on the spectrum of salivary gland involvement by IgG4-RD is presented. Küttner tumor is not necessarily the same as chronic sclerosing sialadenitis and is not always associated with IgG4-related disease. This report includes the second documented case of Küttner tumor of the sublingual gland.</p>","PeriodicalId":520636,"journal":{"name":"Head and neck pathology","volume":" ","pages":"1322-1327"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s12105-020-01268-3","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38782579","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epstein-Barr Virus-Associated Smooth Muscle Tumors of Larynx: A Clinicopathologic Study and Comprehensive Literature Review of 12 Cases.","authors":"Rumeal D Whaley,&nbsp;Lester D R Thompson","doi":"10.1007/s12105-021-01328-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12105-021-01328-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Laryngeal mesenchymal neoplasms are rare, with smooth muscle tumors comprising a small subset. Specifically, Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-associated smooth muscle tumors are exceptionally rare, lacking a comprehensive evaluation of their clinical and histologic features. Two patients (a 59 year old male and 51 year old female) had received renal transplants 156 and 240 months, respectively prior to onset of laryngeal symptoms. Supraglottic polypoid masses were identified and removed conservatively. Histologically, the tumors were hypercellular, showing alternating light and dark areas, the latter composed of primitive appearing round cells, while a more characteristic spindled tumor cell population was noted in the remaining areas. Cytoplasmic vacuoles were noted adjacent to the nucleus. There was no tumor necrosis or pleomorphism, but increased mitotic figures (11-12/2 mm²) were seen, without atypical forms. The tumor cells were strongly immunoreactive with smooth muscle actin and smooth muscle myosin heavy chain and with Epstein-Barr virus encoded RNA (EBER) by in situ hybridization. These patients were reviewed in the context of a thorough English literature review, which demonstrates a wide age range at presentation without a sex predilection, but with most patients from specific ethnic groups (Chinese, Thai, Pilipino). Three-quarters of patients are part of multifocal disease and the majority are post-renal transplantation patients. Conservative management seems to yield the best overall outcome for these indolent tumors. In conclusion, EBV-associated smooth muscle tumors should be considered in any immunocompromised patient with a head and neck smooth muscle tumor, especially when EBER is documented by in situ hybridization. Conservative management may be employed, even when multifocal tumors are documented.</p>","PeriodicalId":520636,"journal":{"name":"Head and neck pathology","volume":" ","pages":"1162-1171"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s12105-021-01328-2","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38835345","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"SSTR2 Expression in Olfactory Neuroblastoma: Clinical and Therapeutic Implications.","authors":"Vincent Cracolici,&nbsp;Eric W Wang,&nbsp;Paul A Gardner,&nbsp;Carl Snyderman,&nbsp;Stacey M Gargano,&nbsp;Simion Chiosea,&nbsp;Aatur D Singhi,&nbsp;Raja R Seethala","doi":"10.1007/s12105-021-01329-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12105-021-01329-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Somatostatin receptor 2 (SSTR2) expression has previously been documented in olfactory neuroblastoma (ONB). Here, we fully characterize SSTR2 expression in ONB and correlate staining results with clinicopathologic parameters including Hyams grade. We also assess SSTR2 immunohistochemistry expression in various histologic mimics of ONB to assess its diagnostic functionality. 78 ONBs (51 primary biopsies/excisions and 27 recurrences/metastases) from 58 patients were stained for SSTR2. H-scores based on intensity (0-3 +) and percentage of tumor cells staining were assigned to all cases. 51 histologic mimics were stained and scored in an identical fashion. 77/78 (99%) ONB cases demonstrated SSTR2 staining (mean H-score: 189, range: 0-290). There were no significant differences in staining between primary tumors and recurrences/metastases (mean H-score: 185 vs 198). Primary low-grade ONB had somewhat stronger staining than high-grade tumors (mean H-score: 200 vs 174). SSTR2 expression had no prognostic value when considering disease-free or disease-specific survival. SSTR2 staining is significantly higher in ONB than its histologic mimics (mean H-score: 189 vs 12.9, p < 0.001) suggesting a potential use of the marker in diagnosis of ONB. In conclusion, SSTR2 is consistently expressed in ONB suggesting a role for somatostatin-analog based imaging and therapy in this disease. More generally, SSTR2 may be another marker of neuroendocrine differentiation in ONB.</p>","PeriodicalId":520636,"journal":{"name":"Head and neck pathology","volume":" ","pages":"1185-1191"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s12105-021-01329-1","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38934478","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Low Grade Papillary Sinonasal (Schneiderian) Carcinoma: A Series of Five Cases of a Unique Malignant Neoplasm with Comparison to Inverted Papilloma and Conventional Nonkeratinizing Squamous Cell Carcinoma.","authors":"Mario W Saab-Chalhoub,&nbsp;Xingyi Guo,&nbsp;Qiuying Shi,&nbsp;Rebecca D Chernock,&nbsp;James S Lewis","doi":"10.1007/s12105-021-01335-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12105-021-01335-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>There have been a few case reports and one small series of low grade papillary sinonasal (Schneiderian) carcinomas (LGPSC) which mimic papillomas but have overtly invasive growth and which occasionally metastasize. We describe the morphologic, clinical, immunohistochemical, and molecular features of five patients with LGPSC compared with eight cases each of inverted papilloma (IP) and conventional nonkeratinizing squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) with papillary growth. All LGPSC were nested with predominantly pushing invasion, no stromal reaction, and frequent surface papillary growth. All consisted of one cell type only, with polygonal cells with round nuclei, no (or limited) cytologic atypia, low mitotic activity, and prominent neutrophilic infiltrate. One patient had slightly more infiltrative bone invasion, another lymphovascular, perineural, and skeletal muscle invasion, and a third nodal metastasis after 17 years. By comparison, IPs had bland cytology, neutrophilic microabscesses, mixed immature squamous, goblet cell, and respiratory epithelium, and extremely low mitotic activity. Nonkeratinizing SCCs had basaloid-appearing cells with nuclear pleomorphism, brisk mitotic activity, and apoptosis. All LGPSC were p63 positive. Mitotic activity and Ki67 indices were significantly higher for LGPSCs than IPs and significantly lower than NKSCCs, while p53 immunohistochemistry in LGPSC was identical to nonkeratinizing SCC and higher than for IP. Sequencing showed all five tumors to harbor a MUC6 mutation, one tumor to harbor CDKN2A and PIK3R1 mutations, and one tumor to harbor a NOTCH1 mutation. All LGPSC lacked EGFR and KRAS mutations and lacked copy number variations of any main cancer genes. At a median follow up of 12 months, two LGPSC recurred locally, and one patient died after massive local recurrences and nodal metastases. LGPSC is a distinct, de novo sinonasal carcinoma that can be differentiated from papillomas by morphology and selected immunohistochemistry.</p>","PeriodicalId":520636,"journal":{"name":"Head and neck pathology","volume":" ","pages":"1221-1234"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s12105-021-01335-3","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39037387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Kaposiform Hemangioendothelioma of the Oral Cavity: A Rare Tumor with an Unusual Location.","authors":"Thayná M de Lima Morais,&nbsp;Celeste Sánchez-Romero,&nbsp;Luciano Ribeiro,&nbsp;Daniele S Faé,&nbsp;Francielle S Verner,&nbsp;Oslei P de Almeida,&nbsp;Sibele Nascimento de Aquino","doi":"10.1007/s12105-021-01316-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12105-021-01316-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Kaposiform hemangioendothelioma is a rare neoplasm with intermediate malignant behavior, mainly affecting infants and children. Involvement head and neck is uncommon, and there are only four cases reported in the oral cavity and oropharynx. Microscopically, it is characterized by a vascular proliferation permeated by spindle-to-ovoid cells resembling Kaposi sarcoma. Immunohistochemically, the tumor is positive for CD31, CD34 and negative for D2-40. Herein we present a rare case of intraoral Kaposiform hemangioendothelioma in a 10-year-old boy.</p>","PeriodicalId":520636,"journal":{"name":"Head and neck pathology","volume":" ","pages":"1421-1425"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s12105-021-01316-6","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25484719","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Papillary and Medullary Thyroid Carcinomas Presenting as Collision Tumors: A Case Series of 21 Cases at a Tertiary Care Cancer Center.","authors":"Ann Thomas,&nbsp;Neha Mittal,&nbsp;Swapnil U Rane,&nbsp;Munita Bal,&nbsp;Asawari Patil,&nbsp;Suman Kumar Ankathi,&nbsp;Richa Vaish","doi":"10.1007/s12105-021-01323-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12105-021-01323-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Collision tumor is the occurrence of two histologically and morphologically distinct tumors within the same organ with no histological admixture. Collision tumors of the thyroid are extremely rare constituting < 1% of all thyroid tumors. Clinical profiles and pathological features of Medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) and Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) presenting as Collision tumors of thyroid, diagnosed between 2009 and 2019, at a tertiary care cancer center were retrospectively analyzed. Collision tumors comprised 4.7% of all MTC cases diagnosed over 10 years. A total of 21 cases (11males, 11 females, M:F = 1) were retrieved with the mean age of patients being 45.33 years (range 26-77 years). More than half of PTCs involved the right lobe of the thyroid (66.6%). About half (53.4%) of MTCs affected the left lobe. Imaging done pre-operatively failed to identify the smaller second tumor in 60% of the cases with both tumours in separate lobes. Pre-operative FNAC showed only MTC in all 8 cases in which it was done. Papillary microcarcinoma (m-PTC) was seen in 85.7% cases, with one case of multifocal m-PTC. MTC (mean size 3.12 cm), on an average, was 3 times larger than the PTC (mean size 0.91 cm). The histological variants of MTC included-oncocytic (1/21, 4.7%), spindle cell (1/21, 4.7%), epithelial (3/21, 14.2%) and classical (16/21, 76.2%) and of PTC included classic PTC (12/21, 57.14%), Hurthle cell (2/21, 9.52%), tall cell (1/21, 4.76%) and follicular variant of PTC (6/21, 28.57%). The microscopic extrathyroidal extension (ETE) due to MTC and PTC component was 42.8% and 9.5% respectively. Lymph node metastasis was seen in 16 (76.2%) cases; 87.5% (14/16) of which were contributed by MTC, 12.5% (2/16) by PTC alone, and 12.5% (2/16) cases showed metastasis from both MTC and PTC. MTC had a higher stage than PTC in 85.5% of cases. Collision tumors of the thyroid are exceedingly rare, and possibly underdiagnosed due to variation in sampling techniques, especially of the grossly \"normal lobe\". The low incidence in our cohort is in favor of the \"Chance theory\" of co-occurrence. This diagnosis is important due to its therapeutic and prognostic implications.</p>","PeriodicalId":520636,"journal":{"name":"Head and neck pathology","volume":" ","pages":"1137-1146"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s12105-021-01323-7","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25577931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of Histopathological Risk Model in a Cohort of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Patients Treated with Accompanying Neck Dissection.","authors":"N Rahman,&nbsp;B Conn","doi":"10.1007/s12105-021-01326-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12105-021-01326-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>To investigate the applicability of the validated histological risk model in a cohort of oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma patients treated concurrently with neck dissections. Primary tumours from 85 patients with primary excision of T1 and T2 Oral Squamous Cell Carcinomas (TNM 7th edition) including neck dissection were scored by three pathologists in consensus according to the validated risk model. The risk score data, along with traditional dataset values, were analysed to determine possible association with nodal metastasis and extracapsular spread. Seventy-two patients (54%) were classified with low or intermediate risk and 62 (46%) patients were 'high risk'. A chi squared test showed that cases with nodal metastasis were highly statistically significant with the overall risk model score (X² = 22.62 p = 0.0001). None of the neck dissections from tumours with low risk score showed evidence of metastasis (NPV = 100%) suggesting the risk score may also be a useful tool for predicting an absence of metastasis. Risk assessment of low-stage oral squamous cell carcinoma primary tumours may be predictive of the presence or absence of metastasis at presentation. Knowledge of the risk score and its constituent parts may inform treatment decisions at multidisciplinary meetings. Low risk squamous cell carcinoma may be a rare variant with low metastatic potential and excellent long-term survival.</p>","PeriodicalId":520636,"journal":{"name":"Head and neck pathology","volume":" ","pages":"1156-1161"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s12105-021-01326-4","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38897731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Histopathologic Spectrum of Intraoral Irritant and Contact Hypersensitivity Reactions: A Series of 12 cases.","authors":"Diana Wang,&nbsp;Sook-Bin Woo","doi":"10.1007/s12105-021-01330-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12105-021-01330-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Irritant contact stomatitis (ICS) and contact hypersensitivity stomatitis (CHS) are often caused by alcohol, flavoring agents and additives in dentifrices and foods, and contactants with high or low pH. A well-recognized contactant for ICS is Listerine™ mouthwash, while that for CHS is cinnamic aldehyde. However, many other flavoring agents and even smokeless tobacco are contactants that cause mucosal lesions that are entirely reversible. The objective of this study is to 1) present cases of ICS and CHS with a clear history of a contactant at the site and the histopathologic features of the resulting lesion and 2) define the histopathologic features that characterize such lesions.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>12 cases of ICS and CHS with known contactants that exhibited distinct histopathologic patterns were identified.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>ICS are characterized by three patterns in increasing order of severity namely: 1) superficial desquamation, 2) superficial keratinocyte edema, and 3) keratinocyte coagulative necrosis with/out spongiosis and microabscesses. CHS is characterized by two patterns namely plasma cell stomatitis with an intense plasma cell infiltrate and a lymphohistiocytic infiltrate with or without non-necrotizing granulomatous inflammation. Three patterns of the latter are recognized: (1) lymphohistiocytic infiltrate at the interface with well-formed or loosely aggregated non-necrotizing granulomas; (2) lymphohistiocytic infiltrate at the interface with peri- and para-vascular lymphohistiocytic nodules; and (3) lymphohistiocytic infiltrate at the interface with peri- and para-vascular lymphohistiocytic nodules containing non-necrotizing granulomas. The same contactant may elicit ICS and CHS, while one histopathologic pattern may be brought on by various contactants.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>ICS and CHS have distinct histologic patterns. Recognizing that these patterns are caused by contactants would help clinicians manage such mucosal lesions.</p>","PeriodicalId":520636,"journal":{"name":"Head and neck pathology","volume":" ","pages":"1172-1184"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s12105-021-01330-8","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38920366","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}