Animal welfare (South Mimms, England)最新文献

{"title":"Effect of dog-owner interaction on post-operative pain perception and stress of dogs and variability in their behavioural patterns.","authors":"Deborah Lazard, Déborah Temple, Edgar Palma, Aurora C Diaz, Maria B Rosado, Mariana Medrano, Roberto Ruiz, Marta Amat","doi":"10.1017/awf.2024.49","DOIUrl":"10.1017/awf.2024.49","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pain, a multifaceted condition associated with actual or potential tissue damage, transcends nociception and is characterised as a subjective, sensory, and emotional experience. Extensive literature describing the adverse effects of untreated post-surgical pain emphasises the necessity of a comprehensive pain management protocol, incorporating both pharmacological and non-pharmacological strategies to ensure successful patient outcomes. The present study aimed to determine whether a positive dog-owner interaction influences post-operative pain perception and stress (POPPS), as well as behavioural inactive rate variability in bitches that underwent elective surgery. Randomly selected bitches (n = 18) underwent ovariohysterectomy. Eight bitches experienced a 45-min visit post-surgery (VPS) characterised by positive dog-owner interaction, while the remaining ten did not (NVPS). Utilising the validated Short Form of the Glasgow Composite Measure Pain Scale (CMPS-SF) to assess acute pain in dogs via stress-related behaviours, a significant decrease in POPPS was evident in the VPS group after the 45-min dog-owner interaction at T3 (1 h after post-sedation recovery), in contrast to the NVPS group. CMPS-SF-associated descriptive items 'Nervous/Anxious/Fearful' and 'Happy Content or Happy and Bouncy' decreased and increased, respectively, with dog-owner positive interaction in the VPS group. The inactivity rate was significantly lower in VPS bitches after the post-surgery 45-min dog-owner interaction than in NVPS bitches. This preliminary study suggests that the owner's presence reduces POPPS and may improve the dogs' welfare while undergoing routine surgeries.</p>","PeriodicalId":520228,"journal":{"name":"Animal welfare (South Mimms, England)","volume":"33 ","pages":"e46"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11589071/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142735504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Needle-free intradermal vaccination, an opportunity to improve commercial pig welfare.","authors":"Isabel Lewis, Harriet Wishart, Ellie Breeze, Poppy Setter, Jonathan Amory","doi":"10.1017/awf.2024.53","DOIUrl":"10.1017/awf.2024.53","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In-farm livestock production vaccinations are commonly delivered intramuscularly using needles. While there are alternative strategies these have been subject to little attention and limited commercialisation. One such alternative is needle-free vaccines and studies have focused on the immune response few have addressed the welfare implications. This study aims to compare the impact of intradermal needle-free vaccination and intramuscular injection in terms of the welfare of the piglets. A total of 179 piglets were divided into two treatments: intradermal needle-free delivery and intramuscular delivery of a vaccine. Measures of health and welfare included, vocalisations, behavioural observations, papule formation, and weight. Piglets vaccinated via the needle-free intradermal route vocalised less and displayed no significant behavioural differences but showed increased weight compared to piglets vaccinated intramuscularly. The use of a needle-free device to deliver a vaccine through an intradermal route revealed no adverse effects on piglet welfare and supports the use of alternative strategies to vaccinate livestock.</p>","PeriodicalId":520228,"journal":{"name":"Animal welfare (South Mimms, England)","volume":"33 ","pages":"e48"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11655266/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142866881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Equipment-related wounds and associated risk factors in working equids of the Oromia national regional state in Ethiopia.","authors":"Mathilde S Merridale-Punter, Abel L Wodajo, Belay Elias, Anna-Marie Bakos, Hanna Zewdu, Reta Tesfaye, Gizachew Hailegebreal, Teshale Sori, Charles M El-Hage, Anke K Wiethoelter, Peta L Hitchens","doi":"10.1017/awf.2024.52","DOIUrl":"10.1017/awf.2024.52","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Working equids support the livelihoods of millions of low-income households worldwide and face several welfare challenges. Although equipment-related wounds are common, little is known about specific risk factors. This cross-sectional study surveyed equids used for cart-work in three Ethiopian towns. Number, size, severity and location of wounds were recorded for each animal, as well as work equipment characteristics and indicators of equipment fit and assembly. Questionnaires were conducted with each cart-driver focusing on equipment practices and attitudes. Logistic regression models were generated to investigate associations between equipment-related wounds (outcome) and equipment, work, driver and animal-related factors (predictors). In total, 369 equids and cart-drivers were surveyed. The prevalence of equipment-related wounds was 72.6% (268/369) with girth wounds being the predominant wound type in horses (50%; 122/244) while donkeys had predominantly shaft-related wounds (59%; 72/122). Donkeys were two times more likely to have equipment-related wounds than horses. The presence of equipment-related wounds was associated with factors such as previously having wounds, inadequate collar positioning and using purchased equipment compared to partly home-made equipment. Characteristics of specific equipment components were also associated with certain wound types, such as narrow saddle pressure points and saddle wounds. Equipment-related wounds are highly prevalent in working equids, representing a serious welfare concern. Factors relating to equipment design, fit and assembly were associated with the presence of wounds. Importantly, species differences require tailoring of preventive approaches amongst working equids. A better understanding of work equipment should therefore be promoted as part of wound prevention and animal welfare strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":520228,"journal":{"name":"Animal welfare (South Mimms, England)","volume":"33 ","pages":"e42"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11589070/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142735505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Living the good life? A systematic review of behavioural signs of affective state in the domestic horse (<i>Equus caballus</i>) and factors relating to quality of life. Part I: Fulfilment of species-specific needs.","authors":"Carol Hall, Rachel Kay","doi":"10.1017/awf.2024.38","DOIUrl":"10.1017/awf.2024.38","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The welfare of horses involved in sport and leisure activities has come under increasing scrutiny, both from within the equine sector and from the public. A systematic review of scientific evidence was conducted to derive observable, evidence-based behavioural measures of positive or negative affective state and factors relating to quality of life in the domestic horse (<i>Equus caballus</i>). Two separate searches (including the terms 'emotion/affect', or 'stress') were conducted, with 179 articles being retained. In Part I of this two-part review (companion paper published simultaneously), articles relating to the extent to which the species-specific needs of the horse are fulfilled in the home environment (n = 21), in relation to social grouping (n = 20), and during weaning (n = 14) were reviewed. Experimental tests of affective state in relation to housing and management (n = 8), and studies relating to stereotypical behaviour (n = 7) were also included. Opportunities for behavioural expression were dependent upon the provision of social and physical resources. Withdrawn or agitated behaviours <i>in situ</i>, avoidance behaviour during handling and agonistic intra-species interactions were indicative of negative affective state. Affiliative intra-specific social interactions, and forage ingestion were considered positive signs. For horses to live a good life, their need for space, companionship, and forage must be prioritised from birth and throughout their lives.</p>","PeriodicalId":520228,"journal":{"name":"Animal welfare (South Mimms, England)","volume":"33 ","pages":"e40"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11503716/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142516222","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Living the good life? A systematic review of behavioural signs of affective state in the domestic horse (<i>Equus caballus</i>) and factors relating to quality of life. Part 2: Horse-human interactions.","authors":"Carol Hall, Rachel Kay","doi":"10.1017/awf.2024.41","DOIUrl":"10.1017/awf.2024.41","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Quality of life is dependent upon the extent to which behavioural needs are met, and the balance between pleasant and unpleasant lifetime experiences. In Part II of this systematic review, articles (n = 109) relating to horse-human interactions were reviewed to identify behavioural evidence of their positive or negative impact on the horse. The number of articles (n = 22) relating to the recognition of pain in horses, indicated the importance of identifying health issues, which are also likely to increase the aversiveness of interactions. These and articles relating to emotional reactivity testing in horses (n = 19), the behaviour of horses during handling and management procedures (n = 17), behaviour of the horse when ridden (n = 17), non-procedural horse-human interactions (n = 13), horse behaviour during transportation (n = 12) and behaviour during training other than when ridden (n = 9) were reviewed. During most interactions, horse behaviour is controlled and/or restricted by the human, masking negative or positive signs, and may be confounded by factors including fear and individual differences. In situations involving freedom of movement, positive experiences of horses with humans were associated with approach behaviour, negative ones with avoidance, but training could affect both. Undoubtedly, change is needed to reduce the extent to which interactions with humans are unpleasant for the horse. Only when the needs of the horse are fulfilled and interactions with humans are predominantly pleasurable will their quality of life improve.</p>","PeriodicalId":520228,"journal":{"name":"Animal welfare (South Mimms, England)","volume":"33 ","pages":"e41"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11514268/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142524063","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Animal affect, welfare and the Bayesian brain.","authors":"Benjamin Lecorps, Daniel Weary","doi":"10.1017/awf.2024.44","DOIUrl":"10.1017/awf.2024.44","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>According to the Bayesian brain hypothesis, the brain can be viewed as a predictive machine, such that predictions (or expectations) affect how sensory inputs are integrated. This means that in many cases, affective responses may depend more on the subject's perception of the experience (driven by expectations built on past experiences) rather than on the situation itself. Little research to date has applied this concept to affective states in animals. The aim of this paper is to explore how the Bayesian brain hypothesis can be used to understand the affective experiences of animals and to develop a basis for novel predictions regarding animal welfare. Drawing from the literature illustrating how predictive processes are important to human well-being, and are often impaired in affective disorders, we explore whether the Bayesian brain theories may help understanding animals' affective responses and whether deficits in predictive processes may lead to previously unconsidered welfare consequences. We conclude that considering animals as predictive entities can improve our understanding of their affective responses, with implications for basic research and for how to provide animals a better life.</p>","PeriodicalId":520228,"journal":{"name":"Animal welfare (South Mimms, England)","volume":"33 ","pages":"e39"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11503760/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142516221","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Near and Dear? If animal welfare concepts do not apply to species at a great phylogenetic distance from humans, what concepts might serve as alternatives?","authors":"Saskia S Arndt, F Josef van der Staay, Vivian C Goerlich","doi":"10.1017/awf.2024.36","DOIUrl":"10.1017/awf.2024.36","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A wide range of animal taxa, including vertebrates and invertebrates, are controlled or kept by humans. They may be used as pets, for recreation, sport and hobbies, as working animals, as producers of animal-derived (food) products or as biomedical models in research. There is a need for clear guidance on the treatment of animals, regardless of their phylogenetic distance from humans. Current animal welfare concepts, which emphasise animal sentience and the ability of animals to experience negative or positive mental states, are limited in scope to a small proportion of the animal kingdom, as the vast majority of species are (currently) thought to lack sentience. We discuss four options for addressing the question of which basic concept(s) could be used to derive guidelines for the treatment of animal species, sentient or non-sentient: (1) alternative concepts tailored to specific groups of species; (2) 'welfare' concepts not presupposing sentience; (3) the precautionary principle; or (4) the concept of animal integrity. Since questions regarding the appropriate treatment of animals, including species with a large phylogenetic distance from humans, have an ethical/moral dimension, we also address who counts morally and how much, and how animals should be treated given their moral status. We suggest that the concept of animal integrity, possibly complemented and extended by the concept of habitat/ecosystem integrity, is suitable for application to all species. However, a current concept of animal welfare should serve as the primary basis for guidance on how to treat species that are sentient and capable of experiencing emotions.</p>","PeriodicalId":520228,"journal":{"name":"Animal welfare (South Mimms, England)","volume":"33 ","pages":"e38"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11503720/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142516223","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Between animal research and animal welfare: Analysing the openness practices of UK Named Veterinary Surgeons.","authors":"Renelle McGlacken, Pru Hobson-West","doi":"10.1017/awf.2024.42","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/awf.2024.42","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The use of animals as scientific models is argued to be crucial for producing new scientific and medical knowledge and clinical treatments. However, animal research continues to raise socio-ethical concerns. In recent years, there has been a push for openness amongst the life science community, with the aim of increasing the transparency of animal research to wider publics. Yet, how this push for openness is experienced by those responsible for the care and welfare of research animals requires further study. This paper draws upon qualitative interviews with Named Veterinary Surgeons (NVS) in the UK and explores how they practise openness, avoid openness, and, at times, challenge the way their role is represented within openness agendas. Overall, this social scientific analysis reveals that the current openness agenda has the potential to create tensions for professionals, as they seek to manage regulatory and public imaginaries of the veterinary identity alongside the animal research controversy. The paper concludes by arguing for a culture of dialogue, where openness includes allowing those with responsibilities for animal welfare to express ambivalence or concern about their own role. Finally, the paper calls for sustained academic work on relations between the veterinary profession and wider society, particularly areas that involve contested practices in which care and harm may coincide.</p>","PeriodicalId":520228,"journal":{"name":"Animal welfare (South Mimms, England)","volume":"33 ","pages":"e36"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11428074/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142336203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Conceptual foundations for a clarified meaning of the 3Rs principles in animal experimentation.","authors":"Edwin Louis-Maerten, Christian Rodriguez Perez, Rosa Maria Cajiga, Kirsten Persson, Bernice Simone Elger","doi":"10.1017/awf.2024.39","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/awf.2024.39","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Russell and Burch's 1959 original definitions of the 3Rs (replacement, reduction and refinement) are widely used today as standards for the ethical use of non-human animals in research, although they have a number of limitations. Authors and institutions around the world have addressed some of these, coming up in certain cases with more accurate, functional, and up-to-date definitions. However, not only do there still remain limitations needing to be addressed, but some that have been addressed resulted in discrepancies, contradictions, and general confusion as to how best apply the 3Rs in practice. In order to clarify the meaning of the 3Rs and enable more optimal implementation of these principles in animal experimentation, this article provides a theoretical discussion for revised definitions of the original 3Rs via examination of some of their main limitations and inconsistencies. First, we offer up the original definitions as presented in the context of Russell and Burch's book <i>The Principles of Humane Experimental Technique.</i> Then, we examine the main limitations and present clear specifications and requirements for such revised definitions. After presenting our revised definitions, we conclude with various implications for animal welfare within the context of experimentation.</p>","PeriodicalId":520228,"journal":{"name":"Animal welfare (South Mimms, England)","volume":"33 ","pages":"e37"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11428052/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142336204","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neutralisation techniques used by defendants charged with animal welfare offences in Finland.","authors":"Elli Valtonen, Laura Hänninen, Anna Valros, Tarja Koskela","doi":"10.1017/awf.2024.32","DOIUrl":"10.1017/awf.2024.32","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Animal welfare offences encompass a heterogeneous range of crimes, including violence and various forms of negligence toward animals' needs. However, there is limited understanding of the offenders' rationalisations concerning their criminal behaviour against animals, despite this information being essential for enhancing the prevention of these crimes. Our data comprised 1,443 judgements in animal welfare offences in Finland between January 2011 and May 2021. We categorised the rationalisations used by defendants and identified differences between offender profiles according to the offence type. Nearly all defendants responded to the charges. Overall, defendants appealed most often to their challenging circumstances, e.g. a lack of resources. Defendants charged with offences against production animals offered more explanations than the other defendants and often denied their responsibility for the animals, or having caused them any harm, and appealed to financial problems, weather conditions, and having too many animals. Moreover, they frequently challenged the norms, appealing in particular to the immorality of the authorities, who were mostly official veterinarians. Defendants charged with animal hoarding offences rationalised their actions similarly to animal farmers, whereas those charged with violent crimes against animals more often cited provocative or otherwise problematic behaviour of the animal victim. Our results support the observation that farmers may perceive official animal welfare supervision negatively. Violent animal welfare crimes and animal hoarding stand out as distinctive types of crime at the level of rationalisations. The differences between offence types and offenders' underlying motivations should be considered when developing animal welfare control, agricultural support systems, and crime prevention.</p>","PeriodicalId":520228,"journal":{"name":"Animal welfare (South Mimms, England)","volume":"33 ","pages":"e33"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11418074/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142309711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}