The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene最新文献_第3页

Molecular Identification of Species Belonging to Culex vishnui Subgroup (Diptera: Culicidae), Vectors of Japanese Encephalitis Virus, in Taiwan. 日本脑炎病毒在台湾的传播媒介 Culex vishnui 亚群（双翅目：蚤科）物种的分子鉴定。

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene Pub Date : 2024-09-10 DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.23-0285

Han-Hsuan Chung,Tien-Huang Chen,Pei-Feng Wang,Yoshio Tsuda,Hwa-Jen Teng,Shiu-Ling Chen

{"title":"Molecular Identification of Species Belonging to Culex vishnui Subgroup (Diptera: Culicidae), Vectors of Japanese Encephalitis Virus, in Taiwan.","authors":"Han-Hsuan Chung,Tien-Huang Chen,Pei-Feng Wang,Yoshio Tsuda,Hwa-Jen Teng,Shiu-Ling Chen","doi":"10.4269/ajtmh.23-0285","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.23-0285","url":null,"abstract":"Classification of mosquitoes with overlapping features remains problematic when using traditional morphological identification alone. In this study, we used molecular methods to elucidate the taxonomic status of Culex tritaeniorhynchus, Culex annulus, and Culex pseudovishnui species as vectors of the Japanese encephalitis virus belonging to the Culex vishnui subgroup and gene flow among them. In this study, 76, 59, and 3 samples of Cx. annulus, Cx. tritaeniorhynchus, and Cx. pseudovishnui, respectively, were collected around Taiwan. Phylogenetic analysis and genetic divergence were based on genomic sequence variations in ribosomal DNA and the internal transcribed spacer (rDNA) and cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI). Our results revealed that Cx. annulus and Cx. vishnui are genetically similar and share a gene pool among the species from Taiwan and other Asian countries. However, two hidden taxa of Cx. tritaeniorhynchus, which clustered together according to the rDNA sequences, were discovered based on the COI sequences. In addition, Cx. pseudovishnui has different gene pools from those of the strains from other countries, implying that the population from Taiwan is probably either a unique strain or a sibling species. This study provides molecular information on the taxonomic status of the species in the Cx. vishnui subgroup in Taiwan and gene flow between these species, providing valuable information for vector control operations and the delineation of the evolutionary process.","PeriodicalId":520106,"journal":{"name":"The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene","volume":"78 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142201663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Functional Disability at 3 Months in Patients with Residual Limb Swelling after Snakebite Envenoming. 蛇咬伤后肢体肿胀残留患者 3 个月后的功能障碍。

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene Pub Date : 2024-09-10 DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.24-0374

Karthika Subramanian Vishnu,Sekar Dineshbabu,Tamilarasu Kadhiravan

引用次数: 0

Efficacy Analysis of Anti-Tuberculosis Chemotherapy Combined with Arthroplasty or Joint Replacement for Tuberculous of the Elbow Joint: A Retrospective Study of 40 Patients. 抗结核化疗联合关节成形术或关节置换术治疗肘关节结核的疗效分析：40 例患者的回顾性研究。

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene Pub Date : 2024-09-10 DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.24-0152

Qi Tian,Haopeng Luan,Xufeng Guo,Kai Liu,Cong Peng,Bin Du

{"title":"Efficacy Analysis of Anti-Tuberculosis Chemotherapy Combined with Arthroplasty or Joint Replacement for Tuberculous of the Elbow Joint: A Retrospective Study of 40 Patients.","authors":"Qi Tian,Haopeng Luan,Xufeng Guo,Kai Liu,Cong Peng,Bin Du","doi":"10.4269/ajtmh.24-0152","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.24-0152","url":null,"abstract":"Tuberculous arthritis of the elbow joint (TAEJ) is a relatively rare infectious bone and joint disease. Misdiagnosed owing to inconspicuous early symptoms, often the elbow joint has suffered serious damage at the time of treatment. This study retrospectively investigated the clinical manifestations, population characteristics, clinical diagnosis, surgical treatment, and functional recovery of elbow joint tuberculosis (TB). A retrospective study of 40 patients was conducted. These patients were diagnosed with tuberculous arthritis of the elbow from June 2007 to August 2021 and were diagnosed with TAEJ by fine-needle aspiration biopsy or biopsy of surgically excised lesions. All patients underwent surgery after taking regular anti-TB drugs and chemotherapy for 2 weeks. Visual analogue scale score, Mayo elbow performance score, and hospital for special surgery assessment scale score were used to evaluate postoperative functional recovery. Imaging tests were used to evaluate patients' postoperative recovery. Forty patients were followed up for an average of 12.5 ±0.5 months. Erythrocyte sedimentation rate and C-reactive protein values returned to normal after anti-TB drug chemotherapy combined with surgical removal of infected lesion tissue; only one patient relapsed 16 months after surgery. Tuberculous arthritis of the elbow joint should be diagnosed in an early stage based on clinical manifestations, laboratory tests, and histopathological examinations. Complete surgical removal of the lesions should be performed after chemotherapy with anti-TB drugs for 2 weeks. The corresponding operation should be selected according to the damage in the elbow joint.","PeriodicalId":520106,"journal":{"name":"The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene","volume":"37 5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142201668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Risk of Neglected Zoonotic Malaria in Western Ghats: How the Ecosystem Favors Transmission of an Impending Public Health Threat. 西高止山脉被忽视的人畜共患疟疾风险：生态系统如何促进迫在眉睫的公共卫生威胁的传播。

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene Pub Date : 2024-09-10 DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.24-0311

Tulasi Karumuthil,Alex Eapen

引用次数: 0

Effectiveness of Systematic Screening and Treatment of Tuberculosis in Prison in Thailand. 泰国监狱结核病系统筛查和治疗的效果。

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene Pub Date : 2024-09-10 DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.24-0232

Atchara Rodgerd,Thotsaporn Morasert

{"title":"Effectiveness of Systematic Screening and Treatment of Tuberculosis in Prison in Thailand.","authors":"Atchara Rodgerd,Thotsaporn Morasert","doi":"10.4269/ajtmh.24-0232","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.24-0232","url":null,"abstract":"The global incidence of tuberculosis (TB) in prison is 5 to 70 times greater than that in the general population. The systematic screening and treatment of TB in prison benefit TB control and treatment outcomes. However, no study has supported this in Thailand. Here, we evaluated the effectiveness of long-term, continuous, systematic screening for TB control. We conducted a retrospective study in Suratthani Central Prison, Thailand, using annual TB screening from 2016 to 2020. A positive TB screening was defined as having any TB symptoms or chest radiography abnormality. We collected sputum smear and Xpert® Mycobacterium tuberculosis/rifampicin (MTB/RIF) results from those inmates with positive screening results. Bacteriologically confirmed TB was defined as a positive sputum smear or M. tuberculosis detected by Xpert assay. Inmates with clinically diagnosed TB were also eligible for this study. Those inmates diagnosed with active TB were sent to an isolation zone in prison and received anti-TB medicine using directly observed therapy and were monitored by pulmonologists during the treatment course via telemedicine. Of 18,965 TB screening events, 175 patients were diagnosed with TB. The 5-year prevalence was 922 per 100,000 inmates. The relative reduction in TB prevalence was 60.5% from 2016 to 2020. Overall, 94.3% of TB patients were successfully treated (sum of patients cured and treatment completed). Three TB patients died during the 5-year study period. All occurred in 2016. The systematic screening and treatment of TB in inmates effectively reduced the prevalence and mortality in Suratthani Central Prison. The success rate of treatment in this prison has been consistently high.","PeriodicalId":520106,"journal":{"name":"The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142201669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0