The Lancet. Oncology最新文献

{"title":"Correction to Lancet Oncol 2022; 23: 1124-26.","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/S1470-2045(22)00573-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/S1470-2045(22)00573-3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":519533,"journal":{"name":"The Lancet. Oncology","volume":" ","pages":"e446"},"PeriodicalIF":51.1,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40382764","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Avelumab plus axitinib in unresectable or metastatic type B3 thymomas and thymic carcinomas (CAVEATT): a single-arm, multicentre, phase 2 trial.","authors":"Fabio Conforti,&nbsp;Paolo Andrea Zucali,&nbsp;Laura Pala,&nbsp;Chiara Catania,&nbsp;Vincenzo Bagnardi,&nbsp;Isabella Sala,&nbsp;Paolo Della Vigna,&nbsp;Matteo Perrino,&nbsp;Paola Zagami,&nbsp;Chiara Corti,&nbsp;Sara Stucchi,&nbsp;Massimo Barberis,&nbsp;Elena Guerini-Rocco,&nbsp;Benedetta Di Venosa,&nbsp;Fabio De Vincenzo,&nbsp;Nadia Cordua,&nbsp;Armando Santoro,&nbsp;Giuseppe Giaccone,&nbsp;Tommaso Martino De Pas","doi":"10.1016/S1470-2045(22)00542-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/S1470-2045(22)00542-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Patients with advanced type B3 thymoma and thymic carcinoma resistant to chemotherapy have few treatment options. We report the efficacy and safety results of the combination of the anti-PD-L1 inhibitor avelumab with the anti-angiogenesis drug axitinib in patients with advanced type B3 thymoma and thymic carcinoma.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>CAVEATT was a single-arm, multicentre, phase 2 trial, conducted in two Italian centres (the European Instituteof Oncology and the Humanitas Institute, Milan) in patients with histologically confirmed type B3 thymoma or thymic carcinoma, with advanced stage of disease who had progressed after at least one line of platinum-based chemotherapy. Previous treatment with an anti-angiogenesis drug was allowed but not with immune checkpoint inhibitors. Other inclusion criteria were age 18 years or older, an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status of 0-2, progressive disease, and presence of measurable disease according to Response Evaluation Criteria In Solid Tumours (RECIST) version 1.1. Patients received avelumab 10 mg/kg intravenously every 2 weeks and axitinib 5 mg orally twice daily until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. The primary endpoint was the centrally assessed overall response rate according to RECIST version 1.1. Patients who received at least one cycle of treatment and had at least one CT scan after treatment start at scheduled time point by protocol were judged assessable for response and were included in efficacy and safety analyses. This study is registered with EUDRACT, 2017-004048-38; enrolment is completed and follow-up is ongoing.</p><p><strong>Findings: </strong>Between April 22, 2019, and June 30, 2021, 32 patients were enrolled. 27 patients had a thymic carcinoma, three a type B3 thymoma, and two a mixed type B3 thymoma and thymic carcinoma. 29 (91%) of 32 patients had stage IVB disease and 13 (41%) of 32 had been pretreated with an anti-angiogenesis drug. 11 of 32 patients had an overall response; thus the overall response rate was 34% (90% CI 21-50); no patients had a complete response, 11 (34%) had a partial response, 18 (56%) had stable disease, and in two patients (6%) progressive disease was the best response. The most common grade 3 or 4 adverse event was hypertension (grade 3 in six [19%] of 32 patients). Four (12%) of 32 patients developed serious adverse events that were new-onset immune-related adverse events, including one grade 3 interstitial pneumonitis, one grade 4 polymyositis, and two grade 3 polymyositis. There were no treatment-related deaths.</p><p><strong>Interpretation: </strong>Avelumab combined with axitinib has promising anti-tumour activity and acceptable toxicity in patients with advanced type B3 thymoma and thymic carcinoma progressing after chemotherapy, and could emerge as a new standard treatment option in this setting.</p><p><strong>Funding: </strong>Pfizer.</p>","PeriodicalId":519533,"journal":{"name":"The Lancet. Oncology","volume":" ","pages":"1287-1296"},"PeriodicalIF":51.1,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33470099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ASTRO calls for a new value-based reimbursement structure for radiotherapy.","authors":"Manjulika Das","doi":"10.1016/S1470-2045(22)00548-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/S1470-2045(22)00548-4","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":519533,"journal":{"name":"The Lancet. Oncology","volume":" ","pages":"1244"},"PeriodicalIF":51.1,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40351074","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Doxorubicin plus trabectedin for metastatic or unresectable leiomyosarcoma.","authors":"Osman Sütcüoğlu,&nbsp;Ahmet Özet,&nbsp;Ozan Yazıcı,&nbsp;Nuriye Özdemir","doi":"10.1016/S1470-2045(22)00547-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/S1470-2045(22)00547-2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":519533,"journal":{"name":"The Lancet. Oncology","volume":" ","pages":"e444"},"PeriodicalIF":51.1,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40382761","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction to Lancet Oncol 2021; 22: 74-84.","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/S1470-2045(22)00572-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/S1470-2045(22)00572-1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":519533,"journal":{"name":"The Lancet. Oncology","volume":" ","pages":"e446"},"PeriodicalIF":51.1,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40382763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tissue-agnostic RET inhibition: can you trust your target?","authors":"Angelica D'Aiello,&nbsp;Balazs Halmos","doi":"10.1016/S1470-2045(22)00556-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/S1470-2045(22)00556-3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":519533,"journal":{"name":"The Lancet. Oncology","volume":" ","pages":"1235-1237"},"PeriodicalIF":51.1,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40360882","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ukraine's neighbouring countries accept the burden of cancer care for refugees.","authors":"Christiane Thallinger,&nbsp;Christoph C Zielinski","doi":"10.1016/S1470-2045(22)00550-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/S1470-2045(22)00550-2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":519533,"journal":{"name":"The Lancet. Oncology","volume":" ","pages":"e440"},"PeriodicalIF":51.1,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40382757","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Patient-reported outcomes with olaparib plus abiraterone versus placebo plus abiraterone for metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer: a randomised, double-blind, phase 2 trial.","authors":"Fred Saad,&nbsp;Antoine Thiery-Vuillemin,&nbsp;Pawel Wiechno,&nbsp;Boris Alekseev,&nbsp;Nuria Sala,&nbsp;Robert Jones,&nbsp;Ivo Kocak,&nbsp;Vincenzo Emanuele Chiuri,&nbsp;Jacek Jassem,&nbsp;Aude Fléchon,&nbsp;Charles Redfern,&nbsp;Jinyu Kang,&nbsp;Joseph Burgents,&nbsp;Christopher Gresty,&nbsp;Arnold Degboe,&nbsp;Noel W Clarke","doi":"10.1016/S1470-2045(22)00498-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/S1470-2045(22)00498-3","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Results of this double-blind, phase 2 trial showed patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer given olaparib plus abiraterone versus placebo plus abiraterone had significantly improved progression-free survival. Here, we present an exploratory analysis of pain and health-related quality of life (HRQOL).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;This double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled, phase 2 trial was conducted across 41 urological oncology sites in 11 countries in Europe and North America. Eligible patients were aged 18 years or older, had metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer, and had previously received docetaxel and up to one additional line of previous chemotherapy. Metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer was defined as increasing prostate-specific antigen (PSA) concentration or other signs of disease progression despite androgen-deprivation therapy and serum testosterone concentrations at castrate levels (≤50 ng/dL), and with at least one metastatic lesion on bone scan, CT, or MRI. Eligible patients were randomly assigned (1:1) to receive oral olaparib (300 mg twice per day) plus oral abiraterone (1000 mg once a day) and oral prednisone or prednisolone (5 mg twice a day) or placebo plus abiraterone (1000 mg once a day) and prednisone or prednisolone (5 mg twice a day). Randomisation was done without stratification and by use of an interactive voice or web response system. A randomised treatment kit ID number was assigned sequentially to each patient as they became eligible. The primary endpoint (radiographic progression-free survival) has previously been reported. HRQOL was a prespecified exploratory patient-reported outcome. Patients were asked to complete the Brief Pain Inventory-Short Form (BPI-SF), single-item worst bone pain, Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Prostate (FACT-P) questionnaire, and EuroQol-5 five-dimension five level (EQ-5D-5L) assessment at baseline, at weeks 4, 8, and 12, then every 12 weeks until treatment discontinuation. Prespecified outcomes were change from baseline in BPI-SF worst pain, single-item worst bone pain and FACT-P Total Outcome Index (TOI) scale scores, time to deterioration in BPI-SF worst pain and worst bone pain, and assessment of the EQ-5D-5L pain and discomfort domain. All analyses were exploratory and done in the full analysis set (all randomly assigned patients, including patients who were randomly assigned but did not subsequently go on to receive study treatment), with the exception of mean baseline and total change from baseline analyses, for which we used the population who had a valid baseline and at least one post-baseline assessment. This trial is registered with Clinicaltrials.gov, NCT01972217, and is no longer recruiting patients.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Findings: &lt;/strong&gt;Between Nov 25, 2014, and July 14, 2015, 171 patients were assessed for eligibility. 29 patients were excluded, and 142 were enrolled and randomly assig","PeriodicalId":519533,"journal":{"name":"The Lancet. Oncology","volume":" ","pages":"1297-1307"},"PeriodicalIF":51.1,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40351075","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction to Lancet Oncol 2022; 23: 1297-307.","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/S1470-2045(22)00570-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/S1470-2045(22)00570-8","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":519533,"journal":{"name":"The Lancet. Oncology","volume":" ","pages":"e446"},"PeriodicalIF":51.1,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40382662","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"New evidence that air pollution contributes substantially to lung cancer.","authors":"Elizabeth Gourd","doi":"10.1016/S1470-2045(22)00569-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/S1470-2045(22)00569-1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":519533,"journal":{"name":"The Lancet. Oncology","volume":" ","pages":"e448"},"PeriodicalIF":51.1,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40365852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}