African Journal of Agricultural Science and Food Research最新文献

{"title":"Growth and Yield of Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench) as Affected by Weeding Regimes in Mubi, Adamawa State","authors":"I. A. Hycenth, S. Vandi, M. S. Yakubu","doi":"10.62154/dbqmeh77","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.62154/dbqmeh77","url":null,"abstract":"The two-year experiments were conducted to evaluate the effect of weeding regimes on the growth and yield of okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L. Moench) in Mubi Adamawa State, Northern Guinea Savannah, grown at the Tree Crop Plantation (TCP) Farm, School of Agriculture, Federal polytechnic, Mubi, during 2022 and 2023 rain cropping season. Mubi is located in the North-eastern part of Adamawa State laid between Latitude 90 26ʹ and100 10ʹN and Longitude 130 10ʹ and 130 44ʹE. at an Altitude of 696m above sea level. The experiments were laid out in Split Plot Design with four (4) treatments: No weeding (W1), 1 Weeding at 3 weeks after sowing (WAS) (W2), 2 weeding at 3, and 6 WAS (W3) and 3 weeding at 3, 6 and 9 WAS (W4), replicated 3 times. Data were collected on plant height, Number of leaves, stem diameter, days to 50 % flowering, fruit length, fruit diameter, fresh fruit yield per plot, fresh fruit yield per hectare and dried fruit yield per hectare. The data on growth and yield parameters were subjected to analysis of variance (ANOVA) using Statistical Analysis System (SAS), (SAS, 2000) and means that showed significant differences were separated by F-test using Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT). The results revealed that weeding regimes significantly influenced plant height, number of leaves, and stem diameter, at 3, 6 and 9 WAS. On the response of phonological traits and yield components of okra, to weeding regimes and significant influences were observed in days to 50 % flowering, fruit length, fruit diameter, fresh fruit yield per plot, fresh fruit yield per hectare and dried fruit yield per hectare, accordingly. Treatment W4 performed significantly higher than the other treatments. The study therefore recommends 3 times weeding at an interval of 3 WAS to okra farmers in Mubi and its environs for optimum fruit yield.","PeriodicalId":518568,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Agricultural Science and Food Research","volume":"63 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141817621","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Determinants of Backyard Livestock Farming amongst Households in Federal Capital Territory, Abuja, Nigeria","authors":"H. B. Inyang","doi":"10.62154/98em2x58","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.62154/98em2x58","url":null,"abstract":"This study analysed the determinants of backyard livestock farming among households in Federal Capital Territory, Abuja, Nigeria. The sample size was 166 randomly selected from 6 towns in two local government councils in the FCT, Abuja. Primary and secondary data were used for the study and questionnaire and interview schedules were used to collect data from the respondents. Descriptive and inferential statistics were respectively used to analyse the objectives and hypotheses of the study. Results revealed that the average age, household size and farming experience of respondents was 43.01 years, 7 persons and 10.14 years respectively. Also revealed was the fact that female-dominated backyard livestock farming (76.51%), most (56.63%) of who were married and of secondary school educational level (51.81%). Most (71.69%) of them were into full-time farming and of Christian religion (59.64%). The majority (40.36%) of the farmers realized an annual income level of N100,001 - 200,000 and realized an average income of N194,578.31 on a per annum basis. Several benefits like provision of income (mean = 3.55), source of food to the family (mean = 3.40) and source of savings (mean = 2.87), amongst others were derived from backyard livestock farming. Most of the respondents were favourably disposed to the derived benefits derived from the farming practice even though they were confronted with some challenges like, lack of finance with a mean of 3.16, outbreak of pests and diseases (3.03) and theft (mean = 2.93), amongst others that plagued backyard livestock farming practice. However, socioeconomic variables such as respondents’ gender, age, marital status, education and farming experience were significant variables and related to the annual income earned from the backyard.","PeriodicalId":518568,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Agricultural Science and Food Research","volume":" 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141828496","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of the Carcass Proximate Composition of Clarias gariepinus (Burchell, 1822) Fingerlings Fed Different Levels of Maca (Lepidium meyenii, Walp.) Root Powder as Phyto-Additive","authors":"M. E. Ali, E. P. Danba, T. Sani, A. Danzaria","doi":"10.62154/yvvdh810","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.62154/yvvdh810","url":null,"abstract":"A study was conducted at the Lay-Joy Fish Farm, Billiri, Gombe State Nigeria to evaluate the carcass proximate composition of Clarias gariepinus fingerlings fed different levels of Maca root powder as Phyto - additive. Five (5) isonitrogenous (40% crude protein) and isocaloric (1,732kcal kg-1 gross energy) diets were formulated, where Maca root powder in form of Phyto - additive was incorporated at 0.0g/100g (TM0), 0.25g/100g (TM1), 0.5g/100g (TM2), 0.75g/100g (TM3) and 1.0g/100g (TM4) inclusion levels, diet without Maca root powder (TM0), served as the control diet. The formulated diets were fed to Clarias gariepinus fingerlings (n = 300, 10.0±0.00g) in fifteen (15) rectangular white plastic tanks (n = 20) at a fixed feeding rate of 3% body weight twice daily between the hours of 8:00 - 9:00 am and 4:00 - 5:00 pm at regular interval and adjusted after every two (2) weeks of sampling for a period of twelve (12) weeks. Proximate analysis was carried out on a sample of the Clarias gariepinus fingerlings at the beginning of the experiment, at the end of the experiment three (3) Clarias gariepinus from each treatment were sacrificed and the carcass subjected to proximate analysis. Carcass crude protein value was highest in fish fed diet TM3 (72.00±1.32%) and least (67.80±1.96%) in the fish fed the control diet (TM0), carcass crude lipid value was highest in fish fed diet TM3 (14.70±1.19%) and least (14.07±2.45%) in the fish fed control diet (TM0), while the carcass crude fibre value was highest in fish fed control diet (TM0) (0.47±0.03%) and least (0.36±0.07%) in the fish fed diet TM3, carcass moisture value was highest in fish fed diet TM2 (1.64±0.07%) and least (1.41±0.04%) in the fish fed diet TM3, carcass ash value was highest in fish fed diet TM2 (11.15±2.03%) and least (10.00±1.67%) in the fish fed  diet TM3 and the carcass nitrogen-free extract value was highest in fish fed control diet (TM0) (5.50±0.76%) and least (1.53±0.73%) in the fish fed diet TM3. The incorporation of Maca root powder as a Phyto-additive into the diet of Clarias gariepinus had no effect on the carcass proximate quality. Although there was a significant difference (p<0.05) in the carcass proximate composition of the Clarias gariepinus, no clear trends were noticed. Feeding Clarias gariepinus fingerlings with Maca root powder at 0.75g/100g feed inclusion level as Phyto - additive is recommended. However, further research should be carried out on other Phyto - additives on their efficacy in determining the carcass proximate composition of Clarias gariepinus.","PeriodicalId":518568,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Agricultural Science and Food Research","volume":" 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141830803","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pharmacognostic Evaluation, Phytochemical Screening and Anti-Candidal Activities of Leaves of Some Medicinal Plants against Candida albicans","authors":"Onyinye A. Udebunu, Fatima B. J. Sawa, Zikrulla A. Yusuf, I. Kolo","doi":"10.62154/x4kqrr71","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.62154/x4kqrr71","url":null,"abstract":"Three Nigerian medicinal plants Psidium guajava Linn, Senna siamea Lam, and Senna obtusifolia L were investigated to determine the pharmacognostic characteristics, phytochemical contents and their activities against Candida albicans.  The fresh leaves of each plant were examined for their microscopic characters and then processed. The dried ground leaves were extracted using water and ethanol. The extracts were subjected to phytochemical screening and their anticandida activities were determined using paper disc diffusion method at concentrations of 25mg/ml; 50mg/ml; 100mg/ml; 200mg/ml and 400mg/ml with Ketoconazole as control. The study indicated that the plant extracts contained alkaloids, anthraquinones, flavonoids, saponins, steroids, tannins and terpenoids. Glycoside was found to be absent. The extracts of the plants showed varying mean zones of inhibition (MZI) against C. albicans ranging from 6.00±0.00 to 16.67±1.53mm. The Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) of the extracts ranged from 10mg/ml to 20mg/ml while the Minimum Fungicidal Concentration (MFC) ranged from 20mg/ml to >80mg/ml with P. guajava having the least MIC and MFC of 10mg/ml and 20mg/ml respectively. The results indicated that MZI of the aqueous and ethanol extracts of P. guajava at a concentration of 400mg/ml had no significant differences at p ≤ 0.05. Further research is recommended for possible combinations of lower doses of the extracts to study their synergistic effects on C. albicans and to explore other potentials of the plants against other pathogens.","PeriodicalId":518568,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Agricultural Science and Food Research","volume":"3 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141651285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of Dehulled African Breadfruit Substitution on Starch Digestibility, Dietary Fibre and Glycemic Index of High-Fibre Snack Bars from Maize and Coconut Flour Blends","authors":"A. Edima-Nyah, Bartholomew Effiong, Victor E. Ntukidem, Moses C. Ekanem","doi":"10.62154/9ss1hv50","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.62154/9ss1hv50","url":null,"abstract":"In this article, African breadfruit seeds were dehulled and made into flour alongside maize and coconut, and the flours were analyzed for their particle sizes and nutritive value. Snack bars were prepared by substituting different levels of dehulled African breadfruit (Treculia africana) seed flour with maize flour at a constant level of coconut grits viz., 0:95:5=T0, 20:75:5=T1, 25:70:5=T2, 30:65:5=T3, 35:60:5=T4, 95:0:5=T5. The snack bars were analyzed for their starch fractions, in vitro starch digestibility, glycemic index and dietary fibre fractions. Rapidly digestible starches (RDS) ranged from 26.32 – 34.62 %, slowly digestible starches (SDS) ranged from 34.46 – 38.71 %, and resistant starch (RS) content was from 3.15 to 9.24 %, while total starch content (TS) was 62.44 – 72.42 %. In vitro starch digestibility (IVSD) and glycemic index (IVGI) ranged from 34.29 – 57.48 % and 47.32 – 57.34 % respectively. Dietary fibre content showed 3.46 – 5.18%, 6.66 – 13.72% and 10.72 – 17.18 % for soluble dietary fibre (SDF), insoluble dietary fibre (IDF) and total dietary fibre (TDF) respectively. SDS and SDF increased, while IVSD and IVGI decreased significantly (p<0.05) with increase in dehulled African breadfruit flour substitution. The higher the TDF, the lower the glycemic index (GI) of the snack bars. All snack bars prepared showed high fibre content and low – medium GI, indicating that they could be useful for consumers interested in weight management or battling diabetes.","PeriodicalId":518568,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Agricultural Science and Food Research","volume":"120 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141017539","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Agricultural Variables on Gross Domestic Product (GDP) In Nigeria","authors":"Vincent Abiodun Micheal","doi":"10.62154/r567wk89","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.62154/r567wk89","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this study is to estimate the contribution of agricultural variables to the economic growth and development of Nigeria as a whole using quarterly data from the first quarter of 2016 to the second quarter of 2022. The data was sourced from the National Bureau of Statistics Nigeria on fishery, forestry, crop production and livestock. Time series analysis was used for fitting decomposition model (additive and multiplication) with seasonal autoregressive integrated moving average (SARIMA). The result showed that the Gross Domestic Product (the total monetary value of goods produced in years) on livestock, fishery, forestry, and crop production in the first quarter and fourth quarter is less than the quarterly average while in the second quarter and third quarter is higher than the quarterly average. SARIMA model was used to test for adequacy and the result of SARIMA (1,0,1)x(1,0,1)4, SARIMA (2,0,1)x(2,0,1)4,  SARIMA (2,0,1)x(2,1,1)4 were found to be adequate and any of these could be used for further forecasting. It is therefore recommended that there will be much gain if investment should be made in fishery, livestock, forestry, and crop production in the second and third quarters of the year. ","PeriodicalId":518568,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Agricultural Science and Food Research","volume":" 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140681558","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of Water Quality for Irrigation of Some Selected Soils/Areas in Yola, Adamawa State, North East, Nigeria","authors":"Gulvi, H. I, Job, P. E, Kangare, B. J, David, A, Abdullahi, A. R, Chidonku., B","doi":"10.62154/z248mq89","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.62154/z248mq89","url":null,"abstract":"The study was carried out to assess the quality of irrigation water in Yola, North-East Nigeria. The study area comprises five locations: Doubeli, Bajabure, Bwaranji, Lake Gerio, and Jabbore. One water sample was collected from each of the five locations to analyze the chemical properties of the water quality for irrigation purposes. The data generated data were subjected to Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). The coefficient of variation (CV) and Least Significant Difference (LSD) were used to separate the means at the (P< 0.05) level of significance to test the relationship between and within soil properties using Statistical Analysis System (SAS version 9) statistical software. Based on laboratory results, irrigation water across the five locations indicated a pH range from slightly acidic to neutral conditions (6.45 to 7.28). EC ranged from 0.13 to 0.28 d Sm-1, SAR ranged from 0.57 to 0.67 cmol (+)kg-1 and RSC, CO2-3, HCO-3 and Cl- contents were also low, ranging from 0.40 to 0.56 meq/l, 0.18 to 0.29 meq/l, 0.83 to 0.91 meq/l, and 145.94 to 168.56%,respectively. Hence, ANOVA for water quality showed that there was a highly significant difference between TDS (493.2**), Na (0.006**), SAR (0.003**), CO2-3 (0.003**), HCO-3(0.003**), RSC (0.009**) and Cl-(489.4**) across the locations, respectively. Although EC (0.006*) and Ca (0.075*) at (P <0.05) showed a significant difference in all five locations, pH and Mg did not show any significant difference across the five locations. However, the water in the study area is free from toxicity, and there is no danger of salinity. Therefore, it is suitable for irrigation and can be classified as good quality water.","PeriodicalId":518568,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Agricultural Science and Food Research","volume":"82 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140528156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}