Polysaccharides最新文献

A Direct Preparation of Cellulose Nanocrystals by ZnCl2-Based Deep Eutectic Solvent 基于zncl2的深度共晶溶剂直接制备纤维素纳米晶

Polysaccharides Pub Date : 2025-07-08 DOI: 10.3390/polysaccharides6030061

Hoai Nam Vu, Quoc Toan Le, Van‐Quynh Nguyen

引用次数: 3

Hyaluronic Acid-Graft-Poly(L-Lysine): Synthesis and Evaluation as a Gene Delivery System 透明质酸-聚l -赖氨酸接枝：作为基因传递系统的合成与评价

Polysaccharides Pub Date : 2025-07-05 DOI: 10.3390/polysaccharides6030060

Viktor Korzhikov‐Vlakh, Polina S. Teterina, Nina Gubina, Apollinariia Dzhuzha, Tatiana Tennikova, Evgenia Korzhikova‐Vlakh

{"title":"Hyaluronic Acid-Graft-Poly(L-Lysine): Synthesis and Evaluation as a Gene Delivery System","authors":"Viktor Korzhikov‐Vlakh, Polina S. Teterina, Nina Gubina, Apollinariia Dzhuzha, Tatiana Tennikova, Evgenia Korzhikova‐Vlakh","doi":"10.3390/polysaccharides6030060","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/polysaccharides6030060","url":null,"abstract":"The synthesis of novel biodegradable polymers as non-viral vectors remains one of the challenging tasks in the field of gene delivery. In this study, the synthesis of the polysaccharide-g-polypeptide copolymers, namely, hyaluronic acid-g-polylysine (HA-g-PLys), using a copper-free strain-promoted azide-alkyne cycloaddition reaction was proposed. For this purpose, hyaluronic acid was modified with dibenzocyclooctyne moieties, and poly-L-lysine with a terminal azido group was obtained using ring-opening polymerization of N-carboxyanhydride of the corresponding protected amino acid, initiated with the amino group azido-PEG3-amine. Two HA-g-PLys samples with different degrees of grafting were synthesized, and the structures of all modified and synthesized polymers were confirmed using 1H NMR and FTIR spectroscopy. The HA-g-PLys samples obtained were able to form nanoparticles in aqueous media due to self-assembly driven by electrostatic interactions. The binding of DNA and model siRNA by copolymers to form polyplexes was analyzed using ethidium bromide, agarose gel electrophoresis, and SybrGreen I assays. The hydrodynamic diameter of polyplexes was ˂300 nm (polydispersity index, PDI ˂ 0.3). The release of a model fluorescently-labeled oligonucleotide in the complex biological medium was significantly higher in the case of HA-g-PLys as compared to that in the case of PLys-based polyplexes. In addition, the cytotoxicity in normal and cancer cells, as well as the ability of HA-g-PLys to facilitate intracellular delivery of anti-GFP siRNA to NIH-3T3/GFP+ cells, were evaluated.","PeriodicalId":518524,"journal":{"name":"Polysaccharides","volume":"6 3","pages":"60-60"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.mdpi.com/2673-4176/6/3/60/pdf?version=1751703144","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147901291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Metal–Phenolic Network-Loaded Sodium Alginate-Based Antibacterial and Antioxidant Films Incorporated with Geranium Essential Oil 金属酚类网状海藻酸钠基天竺葵精油抗菌抗氧化膜的研究

Polysaccharides Pub Date : 2025-02-26 DOI: 10.3390/polysaccharides6010015

Yanming Ren, Shuifang Mao, Xingqian Ye, Jinhu Tian

{"title":"Metal–Phenolic Network-Loaded Sodium Alginate-Based Antibacterial and Antioxidant Films Incorporated with Geranium Essential Oil","authors":"Yanming Ren, Shuifang Mao, Xingqian Ye, Jinhu Tian","doi":"10.3390/polysaccharides6010015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/polysaccharides6010015","url":null,"abstract":"Owing to its natural degradability and excellent film-forming characteristics, sodium alginate (SA) is gaining growing popularity in the field of food packaging. However, the insufficient antioxidant and antibacterial properties hinder its application. In the current research, protocatechuic acid (PCA) and Fe3+ were utilized to fabricate a metal polyphenol network structure. Subsequently, geranium essential oil emulsion (GEOE) was incorporated into the SA matrix, and SA-based films were prepared through the flat-sheet casting method. The impacts of PCA/Fe and various concentrations of GEOE on the physical, structural, as well as functional characteristics of SA-based films were comprehensively examined. The thickness of the prepared SA-based films was between 30 and 50 μm. The results showed that PCA/Fe, GEOE, and SA exhibited good biocompatibility, and the formed films were uniform. The incorporation of PCA/Fe and GEOE significantly improved the UV blocking ability, thermal stability, and antibacterial activity of SA-based films. In addition, PCA/Fe and GEOE enhanced the total antioxidant capacity of SA-based films from 3.5% to 88%. This research could provide some theoretical basis for the utilization of metal polyphenol networks and natural essential oils within the realm of food active packaging films.","PeriodicalId":518524,"journal":{"name":"Polysaccharides","volume":"6 1","pages":"15-15"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.mdpi.com/2673-4176/6/1/15/pdf?version=1740561857","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147879189","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Gelation and Cryogelation of Chitosan: Origin of Low Efficiency of Diglycidyl Ethers as Cross-Linkers in Acetic Acid Solutions 壳聚糖的凝胶化和冷冻：醋酸溶液中二缩水甘油醚交联效率低的原因

Polysaccharides Pub Date : 2024-11-11 DOI: 10.3390/polysaccharides5040046

Yuliya Privar, Anna Skatova, А П Голиков, Andrey V. Boroda, Svetlana Bratskaya

{"title":"Gelation and Cryogelation of Chitosan: Origin of Low Efficiency of Diglycidyl Ethers as Cross-Linkers in Acetic Acid Solutions","authors":"Yuliya Privar, Anna Skatova, А П Голиков, Andrey V. Boroda, Svetlana Bratskaya","doi":"10.3390/polysaccharides5040046","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/polysaccharides5040046","url":null,"abstract":"Although diglycidyl ethers of glycols (DEs)—FDA-approved reagents for biomedical applications—were considered unsuitable for the fabrication of chitosan (CH) hydrogels and cryogels, we have recently shown that CH cross-linking with DEs is possible, but its efficiency depends on the nature of the acid used to dissolve chitosan and pH. To elucidate the origin of the low efficiency of chitosan interactions with DEs in acetic acid solutions, we have put forward two hypotheses: (i) DEs are consumed in a side reaction with acetic acid; (ii) DE chain length strongly affects the probability of cross-linking. We then verified them using FT-IR spectroscopy, rheological measurements, and uniaxial compression tests. The formation of esters in acetic acid solutions was confirmed for ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether (EGDE) and poly(ethylene glycol) diglycidyl ether (PEGDE). By the 7th day of gelation at pH 5.5, the G’HCl/G’HAc ratio was 5.1 and 1.5 for EGDE and PEGDE, respectively, indicating that the loss of cross-linking efficiency in acetic acid solution was less pronounced for the long-chain cross-linker. Under conditions of cryotropic gelation, only weak cryogels were obtained from acetic acid solutions at a DE:CH molar ratio of 1:1, while stable cryogels were fabricated at a molar ratio of 1:20 from HCl solutions.","PeriodicalId":518524,"journal":{"name":"Polysaccharides","volume":"5 4","pages":"731-742"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.mdpi.com/2673-4176/5/4/46/pdf?version=1731298532","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147894659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5

Auricularia Auricula Polysaccharide-Mediated Green Synthesis of Highly Stable Au NPs 木耳多糖介导的高稳定金NPs的绿色合成

Polysaccharides Pub Date : 2024-11-02 DOI: 10.3390/polysaccharides5040041

Haoqiang Liu, Liyu Gu, Yangjiao Ye, Minwei Zhang

{"title":"Auricularia Auricula Polysaccharide-Mediated Green Synthesis of Highly Stable Au NPs","authors":"Haoqiang Liu, Liyu Gu, Yangjiao Ye, Minwei Zhang","doi":"10.3390/polysaccharides5040041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/polysaccharides5040041","url":null,"abstract":"Polysaccharide-functionalized gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) exhibit a promising application in biomedical fields due to their excellent stability and functional properties. The Au NPs from Auricularia auricula polysaccharide (AAP) were successfully synthesized using a straightforward method. By controlling the mass fraction of AAP, pH, reaction temperature, reaction time, and concentration of gold precursor, the highly dispersed spherical AAP-functionalized Au NPs (AAP-Au NPs) were prepared. The Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FT-IR) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) indicated that the synthesis mechanism of AAP-Au NPs was as follows: the molecular chain of AAP undergoes a glycosidic bond breakage to expose the reduction terminus in the presence of gold precursor, which reduced Au(III) to Au(0), and itself was oxidized to carboxylate compounds for maintaining the stability of AAP-Au NPs. Additionally, based on the electrostatic interactions and steric forces, as-prepared AAP-Au NPs exhibit excellent stability at various pH (5–11), temperature (25–60 °C), 5 mmol/L glutathione, and 0.1 mol/L Na+ and K+ solutions. Furthermore, AAP-Au NPs retained the ability to scavenge DDPH and ABTS radicals, which is expected to expand the application of Au NPs in biomedical fields.","PeriodicalId":518524,"journal":{"name":"Polysaccharides","volume":"5 4","pages":"643-655"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147879520","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Impact of the Three-Dimensional Arrangements of Polyhydroxylated Crosslinkers on the Resulting Properties of Chitosan-Based Hydrogels 多羟基交联剂的三维排列对壳聚糖基水凝胶性能的影响

Polysaccharides Pub Date : 2024-08-03 DOI: 10.3390/polysaccharides5030023

Gema Díaz Bukvic, Martin Ojeda Henriquez, Agustín Brandon Rodríguez Vannini, Maria M. Fidalgo, Andrés G. Salvay, E. Rossi, María Inés Errea

{"title":"Impact of the Three-Dimensional Arrangements of Polyhydroxylated Crosslinkers on the Resulting Properties of Chitosan-Based Hydrogels","authors":"Gema Díaz Bukvic, Martin Ojeda Henriquez, Agustín Brandon Rodríguez Vannini, Maria M. Fidalgo, Andrés G. Salvay, E. Rossi, María Inés Errea","doi":"10.3390/polysaccharides5030023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/polysaccharides5030023","url":null,"abstract":"Chitosan was subjected to a crosslinking reaction with three polyhydroxylated diacids (glucaric (GlcA), mannaric (ManA), and mucic (MucA) acids) that only differ in the spatial orientation of their hydroxyl groups. This work aimed to obtain experimental evidence of the impact of the three-dimensional arrangement of the crosslinkers on the resulting properties of the products. In all the cases, the products were hydrogels, and their chemical structures were fully elucidated by FT-IR spectroscopy and conductometric titration. Thermogravimetric and morphological studies were also carried out. The specific surface area of all the products was similar and higher than that of native chitosan. Moreover, all hydrogels were characterized in terms of viscoelastic properties and long-term stability under external perturbation. Furthermore, their lead adsorption efficiency and swelling capacity were assessed. Despite the resemblant chemical structure in all the hydrogels, Ch/ManA exhibited the highest lead adsorption capacity, (Ch/ManA: 93.8 mg g−1, Ch/GlcA: 82.9 mg g−1, Ch/MucA: 79.2 mg g−1), while Ch/GlcA exhibited a remarkably higher swelling capacity (i.e., ~30% more than Ch/MucA and ~40% more than Ch/ManA). The results obtained herein evidenced that the selection of the polyhydroxylated crosslinker with the appropriate three-dimensional structure could be crucial to finely adjust the final materials’ features.","PeriodicalId":518524,"journal":{"name":"Polysaccharides","volume":"5 3","pages":"358-379"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.mdpi.com/2673-4176/5/3/23/pdf?version=1722847932","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147889161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Investigating Cellulose Nanocrystal and Polyvinyl Alcohol Composite Film in Moisture Sensing Application 研究纤维素纳米晶和聚乙烯醇复合膜在湿度传感中的应用

Polysaccharides Pub Date : 2024-07-14 DOI: 10.3390/polysaccharides5030019

Ananya Ghosh, M. Parit, Zhihua Jiang

{"title":"Investigating Cellulose Nanocrystal and Polyvinyl Alcohol Composite Film in Moisture Sensing Application","authors":"Ananya Ghosh, M. Parit, Zhihua Jiang","doi":"10.3390/polysaccharides5030019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/polysaccharides5030019","url":null,"abstract":"This study focused on utilizing cellulose nanocrystal (CNC)–polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) composite in optical sensor applications to detect high humidity conditions and determine water concentration in ethanol. We focused on the composite’s effectiveness in moisture absorption to demonstrate visual color change. We demonstrated that the different molecular weights of PVA significantly affect CNC’s chiral nematic structure and moisture absorption capability. PVA with molecular weight 88 k–97 k exhibited the disintegration of its chiral nematic structure at 30 wt%, whereas low molecular weight PVA (n~1750) showed no structural disintegration even at 100 wt% concentration when analyzed through UV-Vis spectroscopy. Further, the thermal crosslinking of the CNC-PVA composite showed no significant loss of moisture sensitivity for all molecular weights of the PVA. We observed that the addition of PVA to the sulfated CNC obtained from sulfuric acid hydrolysis did not facilitate moisture absorption significantly. A CNC-PVA sensor was developed which can detect high humidity with 2 h. of exposure time. 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-1-piperidinyloxy oxidized CNC (TEMPO-CNC) having carboxylic functionality was also used to prepare the CNC-PVA composite films for comparing the effect of functional groups on moisture sensitivity. Finally, we demonstrated a facile method for utilizing the composite as an optical sensor to detect water concentration in ethanol efficiently; thus, it can be used in polar organic solvent dehydration applications.","PeriodicalId":518524,"journal":{"name":"Polysaccharides","volume":"58 20","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141650651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Microbial Exopolysaccharides: Structure, Diversity, Applications, and Future Frontiers in Sustainable Functional Materials 微生物外多糖：可持续功能材料的结构、多样性、应用和未来前沿

Polysaccharides Pub Date : 2024-07-13 DOI: 10.3390/polysaccharides5030018

Cláudia Mouro, Ana P. Gomes, I. Gouveia

{"title":"Microbial Exopolysaccharides: Structure, Diversity, Applications, and Future Frontiers in Sustainable Functional Materials","authors":"Cláudia Mouro, Ana P. Gomes, I. Gouveia","doi":"10.3390/polysaccharides5030018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/polysaccharides5030018","url":null,"abstract":"Exopolysaccharides (EPSs) are a diverse class of biopolymers synthesized by microorganisms under environmental stress conditions, such as pH, temperature, light intensity, and salinity. They offer biodegradable and environmentally friendly alternatives to synthetic polymers. Their structural versatility and functional properties make them unique in various industries, including food, pharmaceuticals, biomedicine, cosmetics, textiles, petroleum, and environmental remediation. In this way, among the well-known EPSs, homopolysaccharides like dextran, bacterial cellulose, curdlan, and levan, as well as heteropolysaccharides like xanthan gum, alginate, gellan, and kefiran, have found widespread applications in numerous fields. However, recent attention has focused on the potential role of extremophile bacteria in producing EPSs with novel and unusual protective and biological features under extreme conditions. Therefore, this review provides an overview of the functional properties and applications of the commonly employed EPSs. It emphasizes their importance in various industries and scientific endeavors while highlighting the raised interest in exploring EPSs with novel compositions, structures, and properties, including underexplored protective functionalities. Nevertheless, despite the potential benefits of EPSs, challenges persist. Hence, this review discusses these challenges, explores opportunities, and outlines future directions, focusing on their impact on developing innovative, sustainable, and functional materials.","PeriodicalId":518524,"journal":{"name":"Polysaccharides","volume":"45 15","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141650633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Physicochemical and Spectroscopic Characterization of Glycogen and Glycogen Phosphorylase b Complexes 糖原和糖原磷酸化酶 b 复合物的物理化学和光谱特性分析

Polysaccharides Pub Date : 2024-07-07 DOI: 10.3390/polysaccharides5030017

Pandora Karakousi, M. Karayianni, E. Chrysina, S. Pispas

{"title":"Physicochemical and Spectroscopic Characterization of Glycogen and Glycogen Phosphorylase b Complexes","authors":"Pandora Karakousi, M. Karayianni, E. Chrysina, S. Pispas","doi":"10.3390/polysaccharides5030017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/polysaccharides5030017","url":null,"abstract":"Glycogen is a natural polysaccharide used as an energy storage macromolecule. The role of glycogen metabolism in type 2 diabetes mellitus has been under investigation for several years, along with its implication in cancer and cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases. Previous studies using pig liver glycogen with rabbit muscle glycogen phosphorylase (RMGPb), which catalyzes the first step of glycogen degradation to glucose-1-phosphate, showed that the surface of an average glycogen molecule is covered by a total of 20 RMGPb dimeric molecules. In this work, we selected oyster glycogen (Glyc) to investigate its interaction with RMGPb by employing biophysical techniques. Dynamic, static, and electrophoretic light scattering were used to investigate the solution behaviors and structures of both the Glyc molecule itself and the formed complexes between Glyc and GPb at different mixing ratios. It was established that the interaction between oyster Glyc and RMGPb is similar to that previously reported for pig liver glycogen. Moreover, the structure of the complexed GPb was monitored by fluorescence and FTIR spectroscopy.","PeriodicalId":518524,"journal":{"name":"Polysaccharides","volume":" 26","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141670360","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Glucans Mushrooms: Molecules of Significant Biological and Medicinal Value 葡聚糖蘑菇：具有重要生物和药用价值的分子

Polysaccharides Pub Date : 2024-07-06 DOI: 10.3390/polysaccharides5030016

Giancarlo Angeles Flores, Gaia Cusumano, R. Venanzoni, Paola Angelini

引用次数: 0