GE Portuguese Journal of Gastroenterology最新文献

{"title":"Band Ligation-Assisted Forceps Scissor Transection of a Unique Pedunculated Colorectal Lesion with Stalk Varices.","authors":"Vincent Zimmer, Christoph Heinrich","doi":"10.1159/000519546","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000519546","url":null,"abstract":"An 81-year-old male patient presented for ileocolonoscopy for anemia workup. While smaller polypoid lesions in the remaining colon were resected without complications, an estimated 50-mm, complex pedunculated (Paris Ip) lesion with a unique multinodular, uneven surface was observed in the sigmoid (Fig. 1a). However, dedicated optical assessment of large areas of the lesion indicated adenoma-typical vessel and surface pattern, albeit full optical assessment of the large and floppy lesion was not feasible (EC760R-V/I; Fuji, Düsseldorf, Germany) (Fig. 1b). More intriguingly, the 25-mm-long and 10-mm-wide stalk demonstrated marked varices originating from adjacent flat sigmoid mucosa (Fig. 1c). Given concerns as to whether adequate placement of a snare and/or prophylactic loop would be feasible in consideration of the large head and markedly uneven surface, in this unique setting we opted for an individual approach, implementing stalk transection after endoscopic band ligation. To this end, we provided the insertion point at 35 cm with two rubber bands as per standard procedure (Fig. 1d, e). Alternatively, clip application at the stalk base might have been discussed for prophylactic hemostasis. However, this was decided against due to, among others, concerns for thermal injury. Cap-fitted gastroscope reinsertion exposed the edematous stalk with the ligations at 6 o’clock and the polyp head at 12 o’clock (Fig. 1f). Next, we completed an uncomplicated forceps scissor transection of the highly fibrotic stalk, using a scissor-type knife device, only at the first cut resulting in self-limited bleeding from ligated varices (Fig. 2a, b). Electrosurgical settings were as follows: transection (mucosa and submucosa): Endocut Q, effect 2, duration 3,","PeriodicalId":51838,"journal":{"name":"GE Portuguese Journal of Gastroenterology","volume":"30 1","pages":"76-78"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/81/8f/pjg-0030-0076.PMC9891143.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10667747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gastric Metastatic Melanoma Mimicking a Hyperplastic Lesion.","authors":"Cláudia Martins Marques Pinto, Marta Rodriguez, Madalena Souto Moura, Mariana Afonso, Pedro Bastos, Mário Dinis Ribeiro","doi":"10.1159/000520211","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000520211","url":null,"abstract":"A 56-year-old woman was submitted to an upper gastrointestinal endoscopy due to a recent history of epigastric pain. Endoscopic examination revealed a 20-mm 0-IIa type lesion in the great curvature of the proximal corpus with a hyperplastic appearance and a dark coloration area in one of the edges (Fig. 1, 2). Biopsy of the lesion was suggestive of mesenchymal proliferation and some cells with moderate cytologic atypia. The patient was then referred to our Endoscopy Department to undergo endoscopic resection. Due to the previous histological result, we decided to perform an endoscopic ultrasonography that showed thickening of the superficial layers of the mucosa. Endoscopic biopsies were repeated, and pathological evaluation revealed diffuse involvement of the lamina propria by a malignant neoplasm, composed of cells with nuclear pleomorphism and high mitotic rate, entrapping benign gastric glands. Immunohistochemistry showed diffuse positivity for melanocytic markers (PS100, SOX10 and MelanA) and negativity for cytokeratins, DOG-1 and CD45 (Fig. 3, 4). Given the clinical history of a malignant melanoma of the third left hand finger submitted to amputation 5 years before, a diagnosis of gastric metastasis of malignant melanoma was made. Thoraco-abdomino-pelvic computed tomography and PET scan showed no other metastasis. After multidisciplinary discussion, total gastrectomy was proposed to the patient given the location of the lesion (proximal corpus). During surgery, it was decided to perform an atypical gastrectomy following endoscopic tattoo. The histological specimen confirmed the diagnosis of malignant melanoma with free surgical margins. The patient is currently under clinical and imagiological (PET scan) surveillance. Malignant melanoma is a frequent source of metastases in the gastrointestinal tract [1]. The most frequent location is the small bowel followed by the colon and rectum; gastric metastases are rare [1, 2]. Metastatic disease is usually diagnosed within the first 3 years, but metasta-","PeriodicalId":51838,"journal":{"name":"GE Portuguese Journal of Gastroenterology","volume":"30 1","pages":"79-81"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/1d/26/pjg-0030-0079.PMC9891148.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10667746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Isolated Intracardiac Metastasis: The First Sign of Hepatocellular Carcinoma.","authors":"Anusca Paixão,&nbsp;Rita Silva,&nbsp;Natália Lopes,&nbsp;Sónia Carvalho,&nbsp;Paulo Carrola,&nbsp;José Presa Ramos","doi":"10.1159/000519545","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000519545","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Metastatic hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) to the right atrium without invasion of the inferior vena cava is a very rare and difficult diagnosis, especially when the primary tumour is yet to be known. A 68-year-old man with symptoms of heart failure was admitted to the emergency department; his transthoracic echocardiogram showed a mass comprehending almost the totality of the right atrium, obliterating its entrance nearly completely and impeding the normal auricular-ventricular flux, described as a possible auricular myxoma. The patient was promptly transferred to cardiothoracic surgery and submitted to an urgent surgery to completely remove the mass, which was macroscopically described as suspected of malignancy. Further investigation demonstrated a single nodule in the liver with malignant imaging characteristics, and the histology confirmed the diagnosis of metastatic HCC of the right atrium, without metastatic disease elsewhere. He was then submitted to radiofrequency ablation and medicated with sorafenib. The disease progressed slowly but subsequently involved the inferior vena cava and portal vein, culminating in his death 4 years and 3 months after the diagnosis. Although the prognosis for metastatic HCC may be poor, especially with intracavitary heart metastasis, this case shows that an aggressive initial approach with surgical metastasectomy may prolong the median survival of the patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":51838,"journal":{"name":"GE Portuguese Journal of Gastroenterology","volume":"30 1","pages":"57-60"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/3d/93/pjg-0030-0057.PMC9891142.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10667750","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gastrointestinal Metastatic Melanoma: The Key for Diagnosis.","authors":"Daniela Filipa Soares Santos,&nbsp;Marta Costa,&nbsp;Patrícia Carvalho,&nbsp;Rui M Santos,&nbsp;Armando Carvalho","doi":"10.1159/000518000","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000518000","url":null,"abstract":"An 80-year-old Caucasian woman was hospitalized with a 2-month course of intermittent fever (max. 38 ° C), asthenia, weight loss (12%), anorexia and nausea. Her medical history includes breast cancer submitted to radical mastectomy and axillary lymph node dissection, papillary thyroid carcinoma and pulmonary and ocular tuberculosis that had been treated more than 5 years previously. She had heart failure, arterial hypertension, dyslipidaemia and obesity under treatment. Physical examination showed obesity and left upper limb lymphedema. Abdominal and rectal examinations were unremarkable. A laboratory study revealed iron deficiency anaemia with haemoglobin 10 g/dL and ferritin 10 ng/mL (normal = 10–120 ng/mL), elevated lactate dehydrogenase 1,379 U/L (normal <247 U/L), aspartate transaminase 59 U/L (normal <31 U/L), alkaline phosphatase 185 U/L (normal = 30–120 U/L), C-reactive protein 21.9 mg/dL (normal = 0–0.5 mg/dL) and a normal procalcitonin value. A bacterial, mycobacterial, viral or fungal infectious disease was excluded by blood, urine and sputum cultures. A thoracic abdominal and pelvic computerized tomography (CT) scan was negative for malignant disease. During hospital stay she presented with intense nausea and vomiting during most meals. A red blood cell transfusion was necessary due to progressive decrease in haemoglobin. Upper endoscopy was performed showing multiple black nodular lesions in the stomach and duodenum (Fig. 1). Narrow-band imaging revealed the presence of black patches on the top of these nodular lesions (Fig. 2). Histopathological examination showed an epithelioid malignant injury with intense and diffuse HMB45 expression suggestive of pigmented melanoma (Fig. 3). The diagnosis of gastrointestinal","PeriodicalId":51838,"journal":{"name":"GE Portuguese Journal of Gastroenterology","volume":"30 1","pages":"73-75"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/fc/00/pjg-0030-0073.PMC9891144.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10667748","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison between Two Types of 22-Gauge Fine-Needle Biopsy for Solid Pancreatic Tumors.","authors":"Cesar Jaurrieta-Rico,&nbsp;Katia Picazo-Ferrera,&nbsp;Raul Aguilar-Solis,&nbsp;Daniel Escobedo-Paredes,&nbsp;Antonio Bandala-Jaques,&nbsp;Viridiana Chavez-Gomez,&nbsp;Angelica Hernandez-Guerrero,&nbsp;Juan Octavio Alonso-Larraga","doi":"10.1159/000521465","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000521465","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Tissue sampling using endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration is the gold standard for diagnosing malignant pancreatic tumors; however, its sensitivity and specificity are highly variable. Thus, fine-needle biopsy using cutting needles has been developed to overcome current limitations and improve diagnostic yield. Our study compared two fine-needle biopsy needles for tissue sampling for pancreatic solid lesions.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Samples obtained from patients with pancreatic solid lesions using the 22-gauge fine-needle biopsy needles (Franseen needle or reverse bevel needle) were retrospectively analyzed. The primary outcomes were diagnostic yield and sample adequacy. The secondary outcome was diagnostic performance. The analysis was performed using 2 × 2 tables to calculate sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and diagnostic accuracy for each needle type. Proportions were compared using the Z test. For quantitative variables, a comparative analysis was performed using Student's <i>t</i> test. Qualitative and unpaired outcome variables were described using Fisher's exact test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Sixty-three patients with pancreatic lesions were included in the analysis. The fine-needle biopsy Franseen and reverse bevel groups included 33 and 30 patients, respectively. An adequate sample was obtained in 97% of patients in the Franseen needle group versus 80% in the reverse bevel needle group; the diagnostic yields in these groups were 93.9 and 66.7%, respectively. Neither differences between needle passes nor complications were noted. The sensitivity and specificity were 93.5 and 100%, respectively, in the fine-needle biopsy Franseen group, versus 71 and 100%, respectively, in the reverse bevel needle group.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The Franseen needle was more effective for sampling pancreatic tumors than the reverse bevel needle.</p>","PeriodicalId":51838,"journal":{"name":"GE Portuguese Journal of Gastroenterology","volume":"30 1","pages":"49-56"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/36/de/pjg-0030-0049.PMC9891151.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10660629","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy and Safety of Laparoscopic Endoscopic Cooperative Surgery in Upper Gastrointestinal Lesions: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Sara Oliveira de Brito,&nbsp;Diogo Libânio,&nbsp;Cláudia Martins Marques Pinto,&nbsp;João Pedro Pinho Osório de Araújo Teixeira,&nbsp;João Paulo Meireles de Araújo Teixeira","doi":"10.1159/000526644","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000526644","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and aims: </strong>Laparoscopic and endoscopic cooperative surgery (LECS) combines advantages of endoscopy and laparoscopy in order to resect upper gastrointestinal lesions. Our aim was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of LECS in patients with EGJ (esophagogastric junction), gastric and duodenal lesions, as well as to compare LECS with pure endoscopic and pure laparoscopic procedures.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>PubMed, Scopus, and ISI Web of Knowledge were searched. Efficacy (R0, recurrence) and safety (conversion rate, procedure and hospitalization time, adverse events, mortality) outcomes were extracted and pooled (odds ratio or mean difference) using a random-effects model. Study quality was assessed with Newcastle-Ottawa Scale and heterogeneity by Cochran's Q test and I² . Subgroup analysis according to location was performed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>This meta-analysis included 24 studies/1,336 patients (all retrospective cohorts). No significant differences were found between LECS and preexisting techniques (endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD)/laparoscopy) regarding any outcomes. However, there was a trend to shorter hospitalization time, longer procedure duration, and fewer adverse events in LECS versus Laparoscopy and ESD. R0 tended to be higher in the LECS group. Hospitalization time was significantly shorter in gastric versus EGJ lesions (mean 7.3 vs. 13.7 days, 95% CI: 6.6-7.9 vs. 8.9-19.3). There were no significant differences in conversion rate, adverse events, or mean procedural time according to location. There was a trend to higher conversion rate and longer procedure durations in EGJ and higher rate of adverse events in duodenal lesions.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>LECS is a valid, safe, and effective treatment option in patients with EGJ, gastric, and duodenal lesions, although existing studies are retrospective and prone to selection bias. Prospective studies are needed to assess if LECS is superior to established techniques.</p><p><strong>Key messages: </strong>LECS is safe and effective in the treatment of upper gastrointestinal lesions, but there is no evidence of superiority over established techniques.</p>","PeriodicalId":51838,"journal":{"name":"GE Portuguese Journal of Gastroenterology","volume":"30 1","pages":"4-19"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/22/2c/pjg-0030-0004.PMC9891153.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10667749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"IgG4-Related Esophageal Disease Presenting as Esophagitis with Chronic Strictures.","authors":"Catarina Correia,&nbsp;Hélder Moreira,&nbsp;Nuno Almeida,&nbsp;Marta Soares,&nbsp;Augusta Cipriano,&nbsp;Pedro Figueiredo","doi":"10.1159/000520271","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000520271","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>IgG4-related disease is a recently recognized autoimmune systemic disorder that has been described in various organs. The disease is characterized histologically by a dense lymphoplasmacytic infiltrate with IgG4-positive cells, storiform fibrosis, obliterative phlebitis, and can be associated with space-occupying lesions. IgG4-related disease involving the upper gastrointestinal tract is rare. We report the case of a 30-year-old female patient with a long-standing history of severe dysphagia and odynophagia. Symptoms persisted despite anti-acid therapy, and control esophagogastroduodenoscopy revealed endoscopic images consistent with a nontransposable stenosis in the proximal esophagus. An underlying autoimmune process was suspected, and topical immunosuppressants were tried to control her disease. The patient maintained disabling dysphagia secondary to chronic esophageal strictures. A diagnosis of probable IgG4-related disease was made after esophageal biopsies. Treatment attempts with topical corticosteroids was not associated with a significant improvement of the symptoms of dysphagia and odynophagia, possibly because of the chronic nature of the disease associated with a high fibrotic component. This report describes a case of IgG4-related esophageal disease presenting as chronic esophagitis with strictures. We also briefly review the main histopathological features and treatment options in IgG4-related disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":51838,"journal":{"name":"GE Portuguese Journal of Gastroenterology","volume":"30 1","pages":"68-72"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/5d/05/pjg-0030-0068.PMC9891147.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10667752","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Positioning <i>Aeromonas</i> Infection in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Retrospective Analysis.","authors":"Tiago Pereira Guedes,&nbsp;Joana Alves Silva,&nbsp;Sara Neves,&nbsp;Daniela Falcão,&nbsp;Paula Costa,&nbsp;Paula Lago,&nbsp;Isabel Pedroto,&nbsp;Marta Salgado","doi":"10.1159/000520272","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000520272","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and aim: </strong><i>Aeromonas</i> are Gram-negative rods known to cause a spectrum of diseases. Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is an idiopathic complex condition resulting from interaction of multiple factors. Aeromonas infection in association with IBD is still largely unknown. We aim to look for the significance of <i>Aeromonas</i> infection and for significant differences between IBD and non-IBD patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective observational analysis was performed of all patients positive for <i>Aeromonas</i> in stool cultures, during a 10-year period, from a tertiary and university hospital.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Fifty patients were included, 56% male with a mean age of 42.1 years. Thirty-eight (76%) were non-IBD and 12 (24%) IBD patients. IBD patients were more frequently under immunosuppressors. Two patients were asymptomatic and 44% developed mild, 44% moderate, and 16.7% severe infection. The main strains isolated were <i>Aeromonas</i> <i>hydrophila/caviae</i>. Bacterial co-isolation was found in 4 non-IBD and histological findings of cytomegalovirus in 2 IBD patients. Non-IBD patients presented more frequently with fever and IBD patients with bloody diarrhea and abdominal pain. There was higher tendency for severe infection rate in IBD patients with higher antimicrobial therapy use. Steroids were exclusively used in the IBD group. From IBD, 4 patients had the diagnosis of ulcerative colitis and 9 of Crohn's disease with colonic involvement. Of these patients, 5 received IBD diagnosis after the acute episode of <i>Aeromonas</i> infection.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Clinical presentation of <i>Aeromonas</i> infection differs between IBD and non-IBD patients. Non-IBD patients had milder severity of infection with less use of antibiotics. <i>Aeromonas</i> infection seems to greatly contribute to IBD manifestation.</p>","PeriodicalId":51838,"journal":{"name":"GE Portuguese Journal of Gastroenterology","volume":"30 1","pages":"20-28"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/23/c7/pjg-0030-0020.PMC9891145.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10660624","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acknowledgement to Reviewers","authors":"","doi":"10.1159/000527544","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000527544","url":null,"abstract":"<br />GE Port J Gastroenterol 2022;29:444–445","PeriodicalId":51838,"journal":{"name":"GE Portuguese Journal of Gastroenterology","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-11-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138516739","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gastric Cancer: A Practical Review on Management of Individuals with Hereditary or Familial Risk for Gastric Cancer.","authors":"Marisa Linhares, Cláudia Marques Pinto, Diogo Libânio, Manuel R Teixeira, Mário Dinis-Ribeiro, Catarina Brandão","doi":"10.1159/000527208","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000527208","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Gastric adenocarcinoma is one of the most frequent and deadly cancers worldwide. However, its incidence is variable, being higher in eastern countries where screening the general population is recommended. On the other hand, in low to intermediate-risk countries, screening the general population may not be cost-effective, and therefore, it is necessary to be aware of high-risk populations that may benefit from adequate screening and surveillance. It is not always easy to identify these individuals, leading to a late diagnosis of gastric adenocarcinoma. In this review, the authors intend to summarize the data required to identify the population at risk of sporadic or familial gastric adenocarcinoma and the beginning of screening and its surveillance, with the final aim of increasing early detection of gastric adenocarcinoma and decreasing morbimortality. The authors highlight the importance to be aware of the several hereditary syndromes and MAPS recommendations and apply screen and surveillance protocols. The high-risk syndromes to gastric adenocarcinoma are gastric adenocarcinoma and proximal polyposis of the stomach, hereditary diffuse gastric cancer, and familial intestinal gastric cancer.</p>","PeriodicalId":51838,"journal":{"name":"GE Portuguese Journal of Gastroenterology","volume":"30 4","pages":"253-266"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/f9/75/pjg-0030-0253.PMC10521322.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41157166","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}